Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The incidence of toxic multinodular goiter is estimated to be 4.8 cases per 100,000 population per year. The prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter is 100 cases per 100,000 population and accounts for 5% of all patients with [[hyperthyroidism]]. Toxic multinodular goiter commonly affects individuals older than 60 years of age. The frequency of toxic multinodular goiter increases with age. Females are more commonly affected by toxic multinodular goiter than men. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
The epidemiology and demographics of toxic multinodular goiter is as below:<ref name="pmid9534034">{{cite journal| author=Siegel RD, Lee SL| title=Toxic nodular goiter. Toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 1998 | volume= 27 | issue= 1 | pages= 151-68 | pmid=9534034 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9534034 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9267482">{{cite journal| author=Pelizzo MR, Bernante P, Toniato A, Fassina A| title=Frequency of thyroid carcinoma in a recent series of 539 consecutive thyroidectomies for multinodular goiter. | journal=Tumori | year= 1997 | volume= 83 | issue= 3 | pages= 653-5 | pmid=9267482 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9267482 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9019982">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pinchera A, Aghini-Lombardi F, Antonangeli L, Vitti P |title=[Multinodular goiter. Epidemiology and prevention] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=317–25 |year=1996 |pmid=9019982 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10487707">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gabriel EM, Bergert ER, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Thompson GB, Morris JC |title=Germline polymorphism of codon 727 of human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor is associated with toxic multinodular goiter |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=84 |issue=9 |pages=3328–35 |year=1999 |pmid=10487707 |doi=10.1210/jcem.84.9.5966 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12762632">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tonacchera M, Vitti P, De Servi M, Agretti P, De Marco G, Chiovato L, Pinchera A |title=Gain of function TSH receptor mutations and iodine deficiency: implications in iodine prophylaxis |journal=J. Endocrinol. Invest. |volume=26 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=2–6 |year=2003 |pmid=12762632 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16249841">{{cite journal| author=Ríos A, Rodríguez JM, Balsalobre MD, Torregrosa NM, Tebar FJ, Parrilla P| title=Results of surgery for toxic multinodular goiter. | journal=Surg Today | year= 2005 | volume= 35 | issue= 11 | pages= 901-6 | pmid=16249841 | doi=10.1007/s00595-004-3051-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16249841 }}</ref> | |||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
*The incidence of | |||
*The incidence of toxic multinodular goiter is estimated to be 4.8 cases per 100,000 population per year. | |||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
* | * The prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter is 100 cases per 100,000 population and accounts for 5% of all patients with hyperthyroidism. | ||
* The prevalence of toxic adenomas in United States was estimated to be 1.6% of 2,846 thyrotoxic patients in a research done in Cleveland. In other words, the prevalence of toxic adenomas in United States is 1,580 cases per 100,000 population. | |||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
* | * Toxic multinodular goiter commonly affects individuals older than 60 years of age. | ||
* | * Hyperthyroidism associated with an autonomous nodule occurred in 57% of patients aged more than 60 years, whereas 13% of those younger than 60 years were hyperthyroid. | ||
* Toxic multinodular goiter frequency increases with age. | |||
=== | ===Gender=== | ||
*Females are more commonly affected by toxic multinodular goiter than men. | |||
*The female to male ratio is 4:1 for toxic multinodular goiter. | |||
===Region=== | ===Region=== | ||
* | *Toxic multinodular goiter is a common disease that tends to affect African nations. | ||
* | *In developed nations, European countries tend to have a higher prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter as compared to the United States. | ||
** Toxic multinodular goiter is less common in United States. This can be attributed to iodination of table salt. | |||
** Moreover in United States the intake of iodised salt (200 to 600 μg/day) is almost double in quantity as compared to European nations (25 to 100 μg/day). | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 12:09, 17 October 2017
|
Toxic multinodular goiter Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Toxic multinodular goiter from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics |
|
FDA on Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics |
|
CDC on Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics |
|
Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics in the news |
|
Blogs on Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Toxic multinodular goiter epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The incidence of toxic multinodular goiter is estimated to be 4.8 cases per 100,000 population per year. The prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter is 100 cases per 100,000 population and accounts for 5% of all patients with hyperthyroidism. Toxic multinodular goiter commonly affects individuals older than 60 years of age. The frequency of toxic multinodular goiter increases with age. Females are more commonly affected by toxic multinodular goiter than men.
Epidemiology and Demographics
The epidemiology and demographics of toxic multinodular goiter is as below:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
Incidence
- The incidence of toxic multinodular goiter is estimated to be 4.8 cases per 100,000 population per year.
Prevalence
- The prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter is 100 cases per 100,000 population and accounts for 5% of all patients with hyperthyroidism.
- The prevalence of toxic adenomas in United States was estimated to be 1.6% of 2,846 thyrotoxic patients in a research done in Cleveland. In other words, the prevalence of toxic adenomas in United States is 1,580 cases per 100,000 population.
Age
- Toxic multinodular goiter commonly affects individuals older than 60 years of age.
- Hyperthyroidism associated with an autonomous nodule occurred in 57% of patients aged more than 60 years, whereas 13% of those younger than 60 years were hyperthyroid.
- Toxic multinodular goiter frequency increases with age.
Gender
- Females are more commonly affected by toxic multinodular goiter than men.
- The female to male ratio is 4:1 for toxic multinodular goiter.
Region
- Toxic multinodular goiter is a common disease that tends to affect African nations.
- In developed nations, European countries tend to have a higher prevalence of toxic multinodular goiter as compared to the United States.
- Toxic multinodular goiter is less common in United States. This can be attributed to iodination of table salt.
- Moreover in United States the intake of iodised salt (200 to 600 μg/day) is almost double in quantity as compared to European nations (25 to 100 μg/day).
References
- ↑ Siegel RD, Lee SL (1998). "Toxic nodular goiter. Toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 27 (1): 151–68. PMID 9534034.
- ↑ Pelizzo MR, Bernante P, Toniato A, Fassina A (1997). "Frequency of thyroid carcinoma in a recent series of 539 consecutive thyroidectomies for multinodular goiter". Tumori. 83 (3): 653–5. PMID 9267482.
- ↑ Pinchera A, Aghini-Lombardi F, Antonangeli L, Vitti P (1996). "[Multinodular goiter. Epidemiology and prevention]". Ann Ital Chir (in Italian). 67 (3): 317–25. PMID 9019982.
- ↑ Gabriel EM, Bergert ER, Grant CS, van Heerden JA, Thompson GB, Morris JC (1999). "Germline polymorphism of codon 727 of human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor is associated with toxic multinodular goiter". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84 (9): 3328–35. doi:10.1210/jcem.84.9.5966. PMID 10487707.
- ↑ Tonacchera M, Vitti P, De Servi M, Agretti P, De Marco G, Chiovato L, Pinchera A (2003). "Gain of function TSH receptor mutations and iodine deficiency: implications in iodine prophylaxis". J. Endocrinol. Invest. 26 (2 Suppl): 2–6. PMID 12762632.
- ↑ Ríos A, Rodríguez JM, Balsalobre MD, Torregrosa NM, Tebar FJ, Parrilla P (2005). "Results of surgery for toxic multinodular goiter". Surg Today. 35 (11): 901–6. doi:10.1007/s00595-004-3051-7. PMID 16249841.