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__NOTOC__ | |||
{{Metabolic syndrome}} | {{Metabolic syndrome}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com]; {{RT}} | |||
{{CMG}}; | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The diagnosis of [[metabolic syndrome]] is mostly based on physical examination and lab tests. The diagnostic criteria of different international societies also involves consideration of lab tests like [[lipid profile]] and [[ | The diagnosis of [[metabolic syndrome]] is mostly based on physical examination and lab tests. The diagnostic criteria of different international societies also involves consideration of lab tests like [[lipid profile]] and fasting [[blood glucose]]. | ||
=== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
* [[Blood glucose]] (fasting, post-prandial) and [[HbA1C]] to assess for [[diabetes]] | |||
* Renal function tests like serum [[uric acid]] and urinary microalbumin to look for [[renal dysfunction]]. [[Hyperuricemia]] has been frequently shown to be associated with metabolic syndrome. | |||
* [[Lipid profile]] - [[hypertriglyceridemia]] or low [[HDL]] levels to assess dyslipidemia.<ref name="pmid">{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang PL |title=A comprehensive definition for metabolic syndrome |journal= |volume=2 |issue=5-6 |pages=231–7 |year=2009 |pmid= |pmc=2675814 |doi=10.1242/dmm.001180 |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ |title=The metabolic syndrome |journal=Lancet |volume=365 |issue=9468 |pages=1415–28 |year=2005 |pmid= |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66378-7 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* [[Thyroid function test]]s - as increased [[thyroid stimulating hormone]] ([[TSH]]) has been linked to a higher [[prevalence]] of metabolic syndrome | |||
* [[Liver function test]]s | |||
* [[Urine analysis]] may show high levels of [[uric acid]] and [[microalbuminuria]] (correlates with an [[insulin resistance|insulin resistant state]]) | |||
Metabolic syndrome is a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state. Additional biomarkers that are worth measuring while evaluating metabolic syndrome include: | |||
* [[ApoB]] | |||
* High sensitivity [[CRP]] | |||
* [[Fibrinogen]] | |||
* [[Homocysteine]] | |||
Studies have shown that elevated levels of these proinflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers are associated with an increased risk for [[coronary artery disease]] ([[CAD]]) and [[type II diabetes]]. Hence measurement of these markers should be considered in the setting of CAD risk assessment. | |||
If [[PCOS]] is suspected the following lab tests should be included in the management of metabolic syndrome: | |||
* [[ | * Serum [[testosterone]] | ||
* [[ | * Serum [[leutinizing hormone]] | ||
* [[ | * Serum [[FSH]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WS}} | |||
{{WH}} | |||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | [[Category:Cardiology]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category:Rheumatology]] | [[Category:Rheumatology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 14:04, 17 October 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]
Overview
The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is mostly based on physical examination and lab tests. The diagnostic criteria of different international societies also involves consideration of lab tests like lipid profile and fasting blood glucose.
Laboratory Findings
- Blood glucose (fasting, post-prandial) and HbA1C to assess for diabetes
- Renal function tests like serum uric acid and urinary microalbumin to look for renal dysfunction. Hyperuricemia has been frequently shown to be associated with metabolic syndrome.
- Lipid profile - hypertriglyceridemia or low HDL levels to assess dyslipidemia.[1] [1]
- Thyroid function tests - as increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) has been linked to a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome
- Liver function tests
- Urine analysis may show high levels of uric acid and microalbuminuria (correlates with an insulin resistant state)
Metabolic syndrome is a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state. Additional biomarkers that are worth measuring while evaluating metabolic syndrome include:
- ApoB
- High sensitivity CRP
- Fibrinogen
- Homocysteine
Studies have shown that elevated levels of these proinflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers are associated with an increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) and type II diabetes. Hence measurement of these markers should be considered in the setting of CAD risk assessment.
If PCOS is suspected the following lab tests should be included in the management of metabolic syndrome:
- Serum testosterone
- Serum leutinizing hormone
- Serum FSH
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Huang PL (2009). "A comprehensive definition for metabolic syndrome". 2 (5–6): 231–7. doi:10.1242/dmm.001180. PMC 2675814.