Hepatic hemangioma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Gross Pathology== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
On gross pathology, | On gross pathology, a well circumscribed, subcapsular tumor may be suggestive of hepatic hemangioma.<ref name=Librepthology>Gross pathology of hepatic hemangioma. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Hemangioma_of_the_liver. Accessed on October 20, 2015</ref> | ||
==Microscopic Pathology== | ==Microscopic Pathology== | ||
On microscopic histopathological analysis channels lined by benign endothelium containing RBCs, surrounding (non-endothelial) cells without significant atypia are findings of hepatic hemangioma.<ref name=Librepathology>Microscopic features of hepatic hemangioma. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Hemangioma_of_the_liver. Accessed on October 20, 2015</ref> | On microscopic histopathological analysis channels lined by benign endothelium containing RBCs, surrounding (non-endothelial) cells without significant atypia are findings of hepatic hemangioma.<ref name=Librepathology>Microscopic features of hepatic hemangioma. Librepathology (2015). http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Hemangioma_of_the_liver. Accessed on October 20, 2015</ref> | ||
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[[Category:Hepatology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 01:56, 27 November 2017
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Hepatic hemangioma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hepatic hemangioma pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hepatic hemangioma pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hepatic hemangioma pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nawal Muazam M.D.[2]
Overview
Development of hepatic hemangioma is the result of genetic mutations, overexpression of angiogenic fators and downregulation of inhibitors of angiogenesis.[1] Hepatic hemangioma may be associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, hepatic arterio-portal shunts, extra hepatic hemangiomata, hemolytic anemia, focal nodular hyperplasia.[2] On gross pathology, variable in size, well circumscribed, and classically subcapsular are findings of hepatic hemangioma.[3] On microscopic histopathological analysis channels lined by benign endothelium containing RBCs, surrounding (non-endothelial) cells without significant atypia are findings of hepatic hemangioma.[4]
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis of hepatic hemangiomas has not been elucidated, but there are two competing theories.
First theory
- The first theory supports the notion that hepatic hemangioma may be the result of overexpression of angiogenic factors and downregulation of inhibitors of angiogenesis.
- Overexpression of angiographic factors, such as:[1]
- Downregulation of inhibitors of angiogenesis, such as:[1]
Second theory
- The second theory suggests that the presence of liver hemangiomas involves a genetic background of mutations.[1]
- Metalloproteinases accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum of the tumor cells. Accumulation may result in the following:
- Self-digestion
- Vacuole formation
- Cavernous hemangioma cell to downregulate Derlin-1.
- Derlin-1 is a protein encoded by DERL1. When overexpressed, derlin-1 protein induces the dilated endoplasmic reticulum to return to its normal size.
Associated Conditions
Hepatic hemangioma may be associated with:[2]
- Kasabach-Merritt syndrome
- Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease)
- Hepatic arterio-portal shunts
- Extra hepatic hemangiomata
- Hemolytic anemia
- Consumptive coagulopathy
- Focal nodular hyperplasia
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, a well circumscribed, subcapsular tumor may be suggestive of hepatic hemangioma.[3]
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis channels lined by benign endothelium containing RBCs, surrounding (non-endothelial) cells without significant atypia are findings of hepatic hemangioma.[4]
Gallery
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![Intermediate magnification micrograph of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver, also hepatic cavernous hemangioma, liver hemangioma,cavernous liver hemangioma. H&E stain. No liver tissue is observed.[4]](/images/3/31/Cavernous_liver_hemangioma_-_intermed_mag.jpg)
Intermediate magnification micrograph of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver, also hepatic cavernous hemangioma, liver hemangioma,cavernous liver hemangioma. H&E stain. No liver tissue is observed.[4]
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![High magnification micrograph of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver, also hepatic cavernous hemangioma, liver hemangioma,cavernous liver hemangioma. H&E stain. No liver tissue is observed.[4]](/images/a/a6/Cavernous_liver_hemangioma_high_magnification.jpg)
High magnification micrograph of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver, also hepatic cavernous hemangioma, liver hemangioma,cavernous liver hemangioma. H&E stain. No liver tissue is observed.[4]
![Intermediate magnification micrograph of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver, also hepatic cavernous hemangioma, liver hemangioma,cavernous liver hemangioma. H&E stain. No liver tissue is observed.[4]](/index.php/File:Cavernous_liver_hemangioma_-_intermed_mag.jpg)
![High magnification micrograph of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver, also hepatic cavernous hemangioma, liver hemangioma,cavernous liver hemangioma. H&E stain. No liver tissue is observed.[4]](/index.php/File:Cavernous_liver_hemangioma_high_magnification.jpg)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Papafragkakis, Haris; Moehlen, Martin; Garcia-Buitrago, Monica T.; Madrazo, Beatrice; Island, Eddie; Martin, Paul (2011). "A Case of a Ruptured Sclerosing Liver Hemangioma". International Journal of Hepatology. 2011: 1–5. doi:10.4061/2011/942360. ISSN 2090-3456.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Associations of hepatic hemangioma. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia (2015). http://radiopaedia.org/articles/hepatic-haemangioma-3. Accessed on November 7, 2015
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Gross pathology of hepatic hemangioma. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Hemangioma_of_the_liver. Accessed on October 20, 2015
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Microscopic features of hepatic hemangioma. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Hemangioma_of_the_liver. Accessed on October 20, 2015