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{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Brain MRI with [[gadolinium]] based contrast is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of medulloblastoma. On a T1 weighted brain [[MRI]] image, medulloblastoma is characterized by a hypointense mass located at the posterior cerebral fossa that may demonstrate [[calcification]] and [[necrosis]].<ref name="radio">Medulloblastoma. Radiopaedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/medulloblastoma Accessed on September, 30th 2015</ref>
==MRI==
==MRI==
The tumor is distinctive on T1 and T2-weighted [[MRI]] with heterogeneous enhancement and typical location adjacent to and extension into the fourth ventricle.
* [[Brain]] [[MRI]] with gadolinium based contrast is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of medulloblastoma.<ref name="radio">Medulloblastoma. Radiopaedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/medulloblastoma Accessed on September, 30th 2015</ref>
Correct diagnosis of medulloblastoma may require ruling out [[ATRT|atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor]] (ATRT)<ref>{{cite journal
* On brain MRI, medulloblastoma is characterized by a mass located at the posterior cerebral fossa.
| author = Burger PC
* MRI image characteristics observed among medulloblastoma patients include:
| coauthors = Yu I, Tihan T, et al
:* '''T1 weighted image''' demonstrates:
| year = 1998
::* Hypointense mass
| title = Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors of the central nervous system: a highly malignant tumor of infancy and childhood frequently mistaken for medulloblastoma: a Pediatric Oncology Group Study.
:* '''T1 weighted image with gadolinium contrast''' demonstrates:
| journal = Am J Surg Pathol 1998
::* Heterogeneous enhancement in 90% of the cases
| issue = 22:
:* '''T2 weighted image''' demonstrates:
| pages = 1083-92
::* Heterogeneous/hyperintense enhancement due to [[calcification]], [[necrosis]], and [[cyst]] formation
| language = English
:* '''FLAIR MRI image''' demonstrates:<ref name="pmid22209398">{{cite journal| author=Liu HQ, Yin X, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Tchoyoson Lim CC et al.| title=MRI features in children with desmoplastic medulloblastoma. | journal=J Clin Neurosci | year= 2012 | volume= 19 | issue= 2 | pages= 281-5 | pmid=22209398 | doi=10.1016/j.jocn.2011.04.029 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22209398 }} </ref>
  }}</ref> and [[primitive neuroectodermal tumor]] (PNET).
::* Localized areas of isointensity or hypointensity
::* Radiating star-shaped enhancement
::* Multiple [[nodular]] enhancing pattern
* [[Gadolinium]] based contrast MRI imaging of the whole [[central nervous system]] is recommended to identify any drop [[metastases]] and [[leptomeningeal]] seeding.<ref name="radio">Medulloblastoma. Radiopaedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/medulloblastoma Accessed on September, 30th 2015</ref>
<br>
'''For magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy of medulloblastoma please click [[Medulloblastoma other imaging findings|here]].'''


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
([http://www.radswiki.net Images courtesy of RadsWiki])
'''Patient#1'''
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:Medulloblastoma-01.jpg|Medulloblastoma
Image:
Image:Medulloblastoma-02.jpg|Medulloblastoma
Medulloblastoma-01.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
Image:Medulloblastoma-03.jpg|Medulloblastoma
Image:Medulloblastoma-04.jpg|Medulloblastoma
Image:Medulloblastoma-06.jpg|Medulloblastoma
Image:Medulloblastoma-07.jpg|Medulloblastoma
</gallery>


'''Patient#2'''
<gallery>
Image:
Image:
Medulloblastoma-02.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>


Medulloblastoma-001.jpg
   
Image:
Medulloblastoma-04.jpg|Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
   
Image:
Medulloblastoma-06.jpg|Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
   
Image:
Medulloblastoma-07.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 


Image:
Image:
Medulloblastoma-001.jpg|Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 


Medulloblastoma-002.jpg
Image:
Medulloblastoma-002.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 


Image:
Image:
 
Medulloblastoma-003.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
Medulloblastoma-003.jpg


Image:
Image:
 
Medulloblastoma-004.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
Medulloblastoma-004.jpg


</gallery>
</gallery>
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[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]

Latest revision as of 02:33, 27 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]

Overview

Brain MRI with gadolinium based contrast is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of medulloblastoma. On a T1 weighted brain MRI image, medulloblastoma is characterized by a hypointense mass located at the posterior cerebral fossa that may demonstrate calcification and necrosis.[1]

MRI

  • Brain MRI with gadolinium based contrast is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of medulloblastoma.[1]
  • On brain MRI, medulloblastoma is characterized by a mass located at the posterior cerebral fossa.
  • MRI image characteristics observed among medulloblastoma patients include:
  • T1 weighted image demonstrates:
  • Hypointense mass
  • T1 weighted image with gadolinium contrast demonstrates:
  • Heterogeneous enhancement in 90% of the cases
  • T2 weighted image demonstrates:
  • FLAIR MRI image demonstrates:[2]
  • Localized areas of isointensity or hypointensity
  • Radiating star-shaped enhancement
  • Multiple nodular enhancing pattern


For magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy of medulloblastoma please click here.

Gallery

  • Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
  • Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]
    Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Medulloblastoma. Radiopaedia(2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/medulloblastoma Accessed on September, 30th 2015
  2. ↑ Liu HQ, Yin X, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Tchoyoson Lim CC; et al. (2012). "MRI features in children with desmoplastic medulloblastoma". J Clin Neurosci. 19 (2): 281–5. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2011.04.029. PMID 22209398.


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