Primary central nervous system lymphoma other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Other diagnostic studies for primary central nervous system lymphoma include [[In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy|magnetic resonance spectroscopy]], [[Perfusion weighted imaging|magnetic resonance perfusion]], [[scintigraphy]], [[Stereotactic|stereotactic biopsy]], and [[PCR|polymerase chain reaction]].<ref name=radiographicfeaturesofprimarycnslymphoma1>Radiographic features of primary CNS lymphoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and A.Prof Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/primary-cns-lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016</ref><ref name=diagnopsisofprimarycnslumphoma1>Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/primary-cns-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on February 18, 2016</ref><ref name=diagnpstoicsprimarycnslymphoma1>Diagnostics of primary CNS lymphoma. National cancer institute 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/primary-cns-lymphoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on February 19, 2016</ref><ref name="HaldorsenKråkenes2008">{{cite journal|last1=Haldorsen|first1=Ingfrid S|last2=Kråkenes|first2=Jostein|last3=Goplen|first3=Anne K|last4=Dunlop|first4=Oona|last5=Mella|first5=Olav|last6=Espeland|first6=Ansgar|title=AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003|journal=BMC Cancer|volume=8|issue=1|year=2008|pages=225|issn=1471-2407|doi=10.1186/1471-2407-8-225}}</ref> | |||
==Other Diagnostics Studies== | ==Other Diagnostics Studies== | ||
===Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy=== | ===Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy=== | ||
*[[In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy|Magnetic resonance spectroscopy]] may be diagnostic of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Findings on [[In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy|MR spectroscopy]] suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include:<ref name=radiographicfeaturesofprimarycnslymphoma1>Radiographic features of primary CNS lymphoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and A.Prof Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/primary-cns-lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016</ref> | *[[In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy|Magnetic resonance spectroscopy]] may be diagnostic of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Findings on [[In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy|MR spectroscopy]] suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include:<ref name=radiographicfeaturesofprimarycnslymphoma1>Radiographic features of primary CNS lymphoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and A.Prof Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/primary-cns-lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016</ref> | ||
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===Biopsy=== | ===Biopsy=== | ||
*[[Stereotactic|Stereotactic biopsy]] is usually performed to confirm a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma, especially in people who do not have [[AIDS]].<ref name=diagnopsisofprimarycnslumphoma1>Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/primary-cns-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on February 18, 2016</ref> | *[[Stereotactic|Stereotactic biopsy]] is usually performed to confirm a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma, especially in people who do not have [[AIDS]].<ref name=diagnopsisofprimarycnslumphoma1>Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/primary-cns-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on February 18, 2016</ref> | ||
===Bone Marrow Biopsy=== | |||
*[[Bone marrow biopsy]] may be performed to detect [[metastasis|metastases]] of primary central nervous system lymphoma to the bones.<ref name=diagnpstoicsprimarycnslymphoma1>Diagnostics of primary CNS lymphoma. National cancer institute 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/primary-cns-lymphoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on February 19, 2016</ref> | |||
===Polymerase Chain Reaction=== | |||
[[PCR|Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)]] of the [[CSF|cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)]] may be performed to look for positive [[EBV|Epstein-Barr virus DNA]] in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma, to establish the association with the virus.<ref name="HaldorsenKråkenes2008">{{cite journal|last1=Haldorsen|first1=Ingfrid S|last2=Kråkenes|first2=Jostein|last3=Goplen|first3=Anne K|last4=Dunlop|first4=Oona|last5=Mella|first5=Olav|last6=Espeland|first6=Ansgar|title=AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003|journal=BMC Cancer|volume=8|issue=1|year=2008|pages=225|issn=1471-2407|doi=10.1186/1471-2407-8-225}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Other diagnostic studies for primary central nervous system lymphoma include magnetic resonance spectroscopy, magnetic resonance perfusion, scintigraphy, stereotactic biopsy, and polymerase chain reaction.[1][2][3][4]
Other Diagnostics Studies
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Magnetic resonance spectroscopy may be diagnostic of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Findings on MR spectroscopy suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include:[1]
- Large choline peak
- Reversed choline/creatinine ratio
- Markedly decreased N-Acetylaspartate (NAA)
- Lactate peak may also be observed
Magnetic Resonance Perfusion
- Magnetic resonance perfusion may be diagnostic of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Findings on MR perfusion suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include a modest increase in relative cerebral blood flow (rCBV), much less marked than in high-grade gliomas, where angiogenesis is a prominent feature.[1]
Scintigraphy
- Findings on scintigraphy suggestive of primary central nervous system lymphoma include:[1]
- Thallium 201: increased uptake
- C11 Methionine PET: increased uptake
Biopsy
- Stereotactic biopsy is usually performed to confirm a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma, especially in people who do not have AIDS.[2]
Bone Marrow Biopsy
- Bone marrow biopsy may be performed to detect metastases of primary central nervous system lymphoma to the bones.[3]
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be performed to look for positive Epstein-Barr virus DNA in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma, to establish the association with the virus.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Radiographic features of primary CNS lymphoma. Dr Amir Rezaee and A.Prof Frank Gaillard et al. Radiopaedia 2016. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/primary-cns-lymphoma. Accessed on February 18, 2016
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/primary-cns-lymphoma/?region=on. Accessed on February 18, 2016
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Diagnostics of primary CNS lymphoma. National cancer institute 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lymphoma/hp/primary-cns-lymphoma-treatment-pdq. Accessed on February 19, 2016
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Haldorsen, Ingfrid S; Kråkenes, Jostein; Goplen, Anne K; Dunlop, Oona; Mella, Olav; Espeland, Ansgar (2008). "AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma: a Norwegian national survey 1989–2003". BMC Cancer. 8 (1): 225. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-8-225. ISSN 1471-2407.