Pyloric stenosis (patient information): Difference between revisions
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'''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Pyloric stenosis |here]]''' | '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Pyloric stenosis |here]]''' | ||
{{Pyloric stenosis (patient information)}} | {{Pyloric stenosis (patient information)}} | ||
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Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the [[pylorus]], the opening from the [[stomach]] into the [[small intestine]]. | Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the [[pylorus]], the opening from the [[stomach]] into the [[small intestine]]. | ||
==What are the symptoms of Pyloric stenosis?== | ==What are the symptoms of infantile hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis?== | ||
Symptoms generally appear several weeks after birth: | Symptoms generally appear several weeks after birth: | ||
* Abdominal fullness prematurely after meals | * [[Abdomen|Abdominal]] fullness prematurely after meals | ||
* [[Abdominal pain]] | * [[Abdominal pain]] | ||
* Belching | * [[Belching]] | ||
* Constant hunger | * Constant hunger | ||
* [[Dehydration]] (gets worse with the severity of the [[vomiting]] and [[diarrhea]]) | * [[Dehydration]] (gets worse with the severity of the [[vomiting]] and [[diarrhea]]) | ||
* [[Diarrhea]] (loose, watery stools) | * [[Diarrhea]] (loose, watery stools) | ||
* Failure to gain weight or weight loss | * [[Failure to thrive (patient information)|Failure to gain weight]] or weight loss | ||
* Wave-like motion of the abdomen shortly after feeding and just before vomiting occurs | * Wave-like motion of the [[abdomen]] shortly after feeding and just before [[vomiting]] occurs | ||
* [[Vomiting]] | * [[Vomiting]] | ||
** Persistant vomiting after every feeding | ** Persistant [[vomiting]] after every [[feeding]] | ||
** Projectile vomiting | ** Projectile [[vomiting]] | ||
==What are the causes of Pyloric stenosis?== | ==What are the causes of Pyloric stenosis?== | ||
Pyloric stenosis is caused by a thickening of the muscles of the [[pylorus]]. This thickening prevents the [[stomach]] from emptying into the [[small intestine | Pyloric stenosis is caused by a thickening of the muscles of the [[pylorus]]. This thickening prevents the [[stomach]] from emptying into the [[small intestine]]. | ||
The cause of the thickening is unknown, although genetic factors may play a role. | The cause of the thickening is unknown, although genetic factors may play a role. | ||
==Who is at risk for Pyloric stenosis?== | ==Who is at risk for Pyloric stenosis?== | ||
Risk factors include: | Risk factors include: | ||
*Gender: Pyloric stenosis occurs more commonly in boys than in girls | *'''Gender:''' Pyloric stenosis occurs more commonly in boys than in girls. | ||
*Age: Pyloric stenosis is rare in patients older than 6 months. The condition is usually diagnosed by the time a child is 6 months old. | *'''Age:''' Pyloric stenosis is rare in patients older than 6 months. The condition is usually diagnosed by the time a child is 6 months old. | ||
==How to know you have Pyloric stenosis (Diagnosis)?== | ==How to know you have Pyloric stenosis (Diagnosis)?== | ||
The condition is usually diagnosed before the baby is 6 months old. | * The condition is usually diagnosed before the baby is 6 months old. | ||
* A physical exam may reveal signs of [[dehydration]]. The infant may have a swollen belly area. The doctor may detect the abnormal [[pylorus]], which feels like an olive-shaped mass, when touching the [[stomach]] area. | |||
A physical exam may reveal signs of [[dehydration]]. The infant may have a swollen belly area. The doctor may detect the [[ | * An [[ultrasound]] of the [[abdomen]] may be the first imaging test performed. Other tests that may be done include: | ||
* Blood chemistry panel: often reveals an [[electrolyte]] imbalance | |||
* | * Barium x-ray: reveals a swollen [[stomach]] and narrowed [[pylorus]] | ||
* | |||
==When to seek urgent medical care== | ==When to seek urgent medical care== | ||
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==Treatment options== | ==Treatment options== | ||
Treatment for pyloric stenosis involves [[\|surgery]] (called a [[pyloromyotomy]]) to split the overdeveloped muscles. | |||
Balloon dilation does not work as well as surgery, but may be considered for infants when the risk of general [[anesthesia]] is high. | |||
Treatment for pyloric stenosis involves surgery (called a [[pyloromyotomy]]) to split the overdeveloped muscles. | The patient will be given fluids through a vein, usually before [[surgery]]. | ||
The patient will be given fluids through a vein, usually before surgery. | |||
==Diseases with similar symptoms== | ==Diseases with similar symptoms== | ||
*[[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] (GERD) | *[[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] (GERD) | ||
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==Where to find medical care for Pyloric stenosis== | ==Where to find medical care for Pyloric stenosis== | ||
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|yourdisease}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Pyloric stenosis] | [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|yourdisease}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating Pyloric stenosis] | ||
==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)== | ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)== | ||
Surgery usually provides complete relief of symptoms. The infant can usually tolerate small, frequent feedings several hours after surgery. | [[Surgery]] usually provides complete relief of symptoms. The infant can usually tolerate small, frequent feedings several hours after [[surgery]]. | ||
==Possible Complications== | ==Possible Complications== | ||
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==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
*http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000970.htm | *http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000970.htm | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Patient information]] | [[Category:Patient information]] | ||
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[[Category:Pediatrics patient information]] | [[Category:Pediatrics patient information]] | ||
[[Category:Surgery patient information]] | [[Category:Surgery patient information]] | ||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 16:40, 11 December 2017
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
|
Pyloric stenosis |
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Pyloric stenosis On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-in-Chief: Meagan E. Doherty
Overview
Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the pylorus, the opening from the stomach into the small intestine.
What are the symptoms of infantile hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis?
Symptoms generally appear several weeks after birth:
- Abdominal fullness prematurely after meals
- Abdominal pain
- Belching
- Constant hunger
- Dehydration (gets worse with the severity of the vomiting and diarrhea)
- Diarrhea (loose, watery stools)
- Failure to gain weight or weight loss
- Wave-like motion of the abdomen shortly after feeding and just before vomiting occurs
- Vomiting
What are the causes of Pyloric stenosis?
Pyloric stenosis is caused by a thickening of the muscles of the pylorus. This thickening prevents the stomach from emptying into the small intestine. The cause of the thickening is unknown, although genetic factors may play a role.
Who is at risk for Pyloric stenosis?
Risk factors include:
- Gender: Pyloric stenosis occurs more commonly in boys than in girls.
- Age: Pyloric stenosis is rare in patients older than 6 months. The condition is usually diagnosed by the time a child is 6 months old.
How to know you have Pyloric stenosis (Diagnosis)?
- The condition is usually diagnosed before the baby is 6 months old.
- A physical exam may reveal signs of dehydration. The infant may have a swollen belly area. The doctor may detect the abnormal pylorus, which feels like an olive-shaped mass, when touching the stomach area.
- An ultrasound of the abdomen may be the first imaging test performed. Other tests that may be done include:
- Blood chemistry panel: often reveals an electrolyte imbalance
- Barium x-ray: reveals a swollen stomach and narrowed pylorus
When to seek urgent medical care
Call your health care provider if your baby has symptoms of this condition.
Treatment options
Treatment for pyloric stenosis involves surgery (called a pyloromyotomy) to split the overdeveloped muscles. Balloon dilation does not work as well as surgery, but may be considered for infants when the risk of general anesthesia is high. The patient will be given fluids through a vein, usually before surgery.
Diseases with similar symptoms
Where to find medical care for Pyloric stenosis
Directions to Hospitals Treating Pyloric stenosis
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)
Surgery usually provides complete relief of symptoms. The infant can usually tolerate small, frequent feedings several hours after surgery.
Possible Complications
- Vomiting after surgery -- this is very common and generally improves with time
- Failure to gain weight in the newborn period
- Risks associated with any surgery, which include: