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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Polyhomeotic-like protein 2''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PHC2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9121482">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gunster MJ, Satijn DP, Hamer KM, den Blaauwen JL, de Bruijn D, Alkema MJ, van Lohuizen M, van Driel R, Otte AP | title = Identification and characterization of interactions between the vertebrate polycomb-group protein BMI1 and human homologs of polyhomeotic | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 17 | issue = 4 | pages = 2326–35 | date = Apr 1997 | pmid = 9121482 | pmc = 232081 | doi =  10.1128/mcb.17.4.2326}}</ref><ref name="pmid12384788">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tonkin E, Hagan DM, Li W, Strachan T | title = Identification and characterisation of novel mammalian homologues of Drosophila polyhomeoticpermits new insights into relationships between members of the polyhomeotic family | journal = Human Genetics | volume = 111 | issue = 4-5 | pages = 435–42 | date = Oct 2002 | pmid = 12384788 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1007/s00439-002-0814-3 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PHC2 polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1912| accessdate = }}</ref>
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)
| HGNCid = 3183
| Symbol = PHC2
| AltSymbols =; EDR2; HPH2; MGC163502; PH2
| OMIM = 602979
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 75090
| MGIid = 1860454
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PHC2_200919_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0031519 |text = PcG protein complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 1912
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000134686
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_004418
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_004427
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 33561814
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 33613781
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q8IXK0
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 54383
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000028796
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_018774
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_061244
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 4
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 128207300
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 128255178
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q9QWH1
  }}
}}
'''Polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)''', also known as '''PHC2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PHC2 polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1912| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
In Drosophila melanogaster, the 'Polycomb' group (PcG) of genes are part of a cellular memory system that is responsible for the stable inheritance of gene activity. PcG proteins form a large multimeric, chromatin-associated protein complex. The protein encoded by this gene has homology to the Drosophila PcG protein 'polyhomeotic' (Ph) and is known to heterodimerize with EDR1 and colocalize with BMI1 in interphase nuclei of human cells. The specific function in human cells has not yet been determined. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PHC2 polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1912| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = In Drosophila melanogaster, the 'Polycomb' group (PcG) of genes are part of a cellular memory system that is responsible for the stable inheritance of gene activity. PcG proteins form a large multimeric, chromatin-associated protein complex. The protein encoded by this gene has homology to the Drosophila PcG protein 'polyhomeotic' (Ph) and is known to heterodimerize with EDR1 and colocalize with BMI1 in interphase nuclei of human cells. The specific function in human cells has not yet been determined. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PHC2 polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1912| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Interactions ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
PHC2 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[MAPKAPK2]],<ref name=pmid15094067>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yannoni YM, Gaestel M, Lin LL | title = P66(ShcA) interacts with MAPKAP kinase 2 and regulates its activity | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 564 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 205–11 | date = Apr 2004 | pmid = 15094067 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00351-5 }}</ref> [[PHC1]],<ref name=pmid9121482 /><ref name=pmid16189514>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M | title = Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network | journal = Nature | volume = 437 | issue = 7062 | pages = 1173–8 | date = Oct 2005 | pmid = 16189514 | doi = 10.1038/nature04209 }}</ref> [[BMI1]]<ref name=pmid9121482/> and [[MCRS1]].<ref name=pmid16189514/>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Satijn DP, Gunster MJ, van der Vlag J, Hamer KM, Schul W, Alkema MJ, Saurin AJ, Freemont PS, van Driel R, Otte AP | title = RING1 is associated with the polycomb group protein complex and acts as a transcriptional repressor | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 4105–13 | date = Jul 1997 | pmid = 9199346 | pmc = 232264 | doi =  10.1128/mcb.17.7.4105}}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gunther M, Laithier M, Brison O | title = A set of proteins interacting with transcription factor Sp1 identified in a two-hybrid screening | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry | volume = 210 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 131–42 | date = Jul 2000 | pmid = 10976766 | doi = 10.1023/A:1007177623283 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gunster MJ, Satijn DP, Hamer KM, ''et al.'' |title=Identification and characterization of interactions between the vertebrate polycomb-group protein BMI1 and human homologs of polyhomeotic. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=17 |issue= 4 |pages= 2326-35 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9121482 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Levine SS, Weiss A, Erdjument-Bromage H, Shao Z, Tempst P, Kingston RE | title = The core of the polycomb repressive complex is compositionally and functionally conserved in flies and humans | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 22 | issue = 17 | pages = 6070–8 | date = Sep 2002 | pmid = 12167701 | pmc = 134016 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.22.17.6070-6078.2002 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Satijn DP, Gunster MJ, van der Vlag J, ''et al.'' |title=RING1 is associated with the polycomb group protein complex and acts as a transcriptional repressor. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=17 |issue= 7 |pages= 4105-13 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9199346 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yannoni YM, Gaestel M, Lin LL | title = P66(ShcA) interacts with MAPKAP kinase 2 and regulates its activity | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 564 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 205–11 | date = Apr 2004 | pmid = 15094067 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00351-5 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gunther M, Laithier M, Brison O |title=A set of proteins interacting with transcription factor Sp1 identified in a two-hybrid screening. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biochem. |volume=210 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 131-42 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10976766 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP | title = Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 101 | issue = 33 | pages = 12130–5 | date = Aug 2004 | pmid = 15302935 | pmc = 514446 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Levine SS, Weiss A, Erdjument-Bromage H, ''et al.'' |title=The core of the polycomb repressive complex is compositionally and functionally conserved in flies and humans. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=22 |issue= 17 |pages= 6070-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12167701 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wang H, Wang L, Erdjument-Bromage H, Vidal M, Tempst P, Jones RS, Zhang Y | title = Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing | journal = Nature | volume = 431 | issue = 7010 | pages = 873–8 | date = Oct 2004 | pmid = 15386022 | doi = 10.1038/nature02985 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Tonkin E, Hagan DM, Li W, Strachan T |title=Identification and characterisation of novel mammalian homologues of Drosophila polyhomeoticpermits new insights into relationships between members of the polyhomeotic family. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=111 |issue= 4-5 |pages= 435-42 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12384788 |doi= 10.1007/s00439-002-0814-3 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Voncken JW, Niessen H, Neufeld B, Rennefahrt U, Dahlmans V, Kubben N, Holzer B, Ludwig S, Rapp UR | title = MAPKAP kinase 3pK phosphorylates and regulates chromatin association of the polycomb group protein Bmi1 | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 280 | issue = 7 | pages = 5178–87 | date = Feb 2005 | pmid = 15563468 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M407155200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, Haenig C, Brembeck FH, Goehler H, Stroedicke M, Zenkner M, Schoenherr A, Koeppen S, Timm J, Mintzlaff S, Abraham C, Bock N, Kietzmann S, Goedde A, Toksöz E, Droege A, Krobitsch S, Korn B, Birchmeier W, Lehrach H, Wanker EE | title = A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome | journal = Cell | volume = 122 | issue = 6 | pages = 957–68 | date = Sep 2005 | pmid = 16169070 | doi = 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=36 |issue= 1 |pages= 40-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14702039 |doi= 10.1038/ng1285 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yannoni YM, Gaestel M, Lin LL |title=P66(ShcA) interacts with MAPKAP kinase 2 and regulates its activity. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=564 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 205-11 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15094067 |doi= 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00351-5 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, ''et al.'' |title=Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=101 |issue= 33 |pages= 12130-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15302935 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wang H, Wang L, Erdjument-Bromage H, ''et al.'' |title=Role of histone H2A ubiquitination in Polycomb silencing. |journal=Nature |volume=431 |issue= 7010 |pages= 873-8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15386022 |doi= 10.1038/nature02985 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Voncken JW, Niessen H, Neufeld B, ''et al.'' |title=MAPKAP kinase 3pK phosphorylates and regulates chromatin association of the polycomb group protein Bmi1. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=280 |issue= 7 |pages= 5178-87 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15563468 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M407155200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, ''et al.'' |title=A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome. |journal=Cell |volume=122 |issue= 6 |pages= 957-68 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16169070 |doi= 10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, ''et al.'' |title=Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. |journal=Nature |volume=437 |issue= 7062 |pages= 1173-8 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16189514 |doi= 10.1038/nature04209 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. |journal=Nature |volume=441 |issue= 7091 |pages= 315-21 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16710414 |doi= 10.1038/nature04727 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
{{gene-1-stub}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 18:02, 7 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Polyhomeotic-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHC2 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

In Drosophila melanogaster, the 'Polycomb' group (PcG) of genes are part of a cellular memory system that is responsible for the stable inheritance of gene activity. PcG proteins form a large multimeric, chromatin-associated protein complex. The protein encoded by this gene has homology to the Drosophila PcG protein 'polyhomeotic' (Ph) and is known to heterodimerize with EDR1 and colocalize with BMI1 in interphase nuclei of human cells. The specific function in human cells has not yet been determined. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[3]

Interactions

PHC2 has been shown to interact with MAPKAPK2,[4] PHC1,[1][5] BMI1[1] and MCRS1.[5]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Gunster MJ, Satijn DP, Hamer KM, den Blaauwen JL, de Bruijn D, Alkema MJ, van Lohuizen M, van Driel R, Otte AP (Apr 1997). "Identification and characterization of interactions between the vertebrate polycomb-group protein BMI1 and human homologs of polyhomeotic". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17 (4): 2326–35. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.4.2326. PMC 232081. PMID 9121482.
  2. ↑ Tonkin E, Hagan DM, Li W, Strachan T (Oct 2002). "Identification and characterisation of novel mammalian homologues of Drosophila polyhomeoticpermits new insights into relationships between members of the polyhomeotic family". Human Genetics. 111 (4–5): 435–42. doi:10.1007/s00439-002-0814-3. PMID 12384788.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: PHC2 polyhomeotic homolog 2 (Drosophila)".
  4. ↑ Yannoni YM, Gaestel M, Lin LL (Apr 2004). "P66(ShcA) interacts with MAPKAP kinase 2 and regulates its activity". FEBS Letters. 564 (1–2): 205–11. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00351-5. PMID 15094067.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.

Further reading

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