Inguinal hernia epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Inguinal hernia}} | {{Inguinal hernia}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{F.K}} | ||
{{ | ==Overview== | ||
The incidence of inguinal hernia is approximately 110 per 100,000 individuals in years aged 16-24 years to 2000 per 100,000 person years aged 75 years or above in men. The [[prevalence]] of inguinal hernia is approximately 1700 per 100,000 individuals for all ages and 4000 per 100,000 for those aged over 45 years worldwide. The [[incidence]] of inguinal hernia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 40-59 years. Male are more commonly affected by inguinal hernia than female. The male to female ratio is approximately 9 to 1. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
===Incidence=== | |||
*The [[incidence]] of inguinal hernia is approximately 110 per 100,000 individuals in years aged 16-24 years to 2000 per 100,000 person years aged 75 years or above in men.<ref name="pmid18244999">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jenkins JT, O'Dwyer PJ |title=Inguinal hernias |journal=BMJ |volume=336 |issue=7638 |pages=269–72 |year=2008 |pmid=18244999 |pmc=2223000 |doi=10.1136/bmj.39450.428275.AD |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Prevalence=== | |||
*The [[prevalence]] of inguinal hernia is approximately 1700 per 100,000 individuals for all ages and 4000 per 100,000 for those aged over 45 years worldwide.<ref name="pmid14615114">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kingsnorth A, LeBlanc K |title=Hernias: inguinal and incisional |journal=Lancet |volume=362 |issue=9395 |pages=1561–71 |year=2003 |pmid=14615114 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14746-0 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | |||
*The 30 day mortality rate of 2000 per 100,000 in patients under 60 years old and 48000 per 100,000 individuals in those over 60 years old after [[elective surgery]].<ref name="pmid11597665">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bay-Nielsen M, Kehlet H, Strand L, Malmstrøm J, Andersen FH, Wara P, Juul P, Callesen T |title=Quality assessment of 26,304 herniorrhaphies in Denmark: a prospective nationwide study |journal=Lancet |volume=358 |issue=9288 |pages=1124–8 |year=2001 |pmid=11597665 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06251-1 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Age=== | |||
*Patients of all age groups may develop inguinal hernia.<ref name="JenkinsO'Dwyer2008">{{cite journal|last1=Jenkins|first1=J. T|last2=O'Dwyer|first2=P. J|title=Inguinal hernias|journal=BMJ|volume=336|issue=7638|year=2008|pages=269–272|issn=0959-8138|doi=10.1136/bmj.39450.428275.AD}}</ref> | |||
*The incidence of inguinal hernia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 40-59 years.<ref name="RuhlEverhart2007">{{cite journal|last1=Ruhl|first1=C. E.|last2=Everhart|first2=J. E.|title=Risk Factors for Inguinal Hernia among Adults in the US Population|journal=American Journal of Epidemiology|volume=165|issue=10|year=2007|pages=1154–1161|issn=0002-9262|doi=10.1093/aje/kwm011}}</ref> | |||
*Direct inguinal hernia commonly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals because the abdominal walls weakens with age. | |||
*Indirect inguinal hernias can occur at any age including the young individuals. | |||
== | ===Race=== | ||
*Inguinal hernia affects individuals of the Caucasian more than Afriacn-American.<ref name="pmid17374852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ruhl CE, Everhart JE |title=Risk factors for inguinal hernia among adults in the US population |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=165 |issue=10 |pages=1154–61 |year=2007 |pmid=17374852 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwm011 |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
*Male are more commonly affected by inguinal hernia than female. The male to female ratio is approximately 9 to 1.<ref name="pmid25693015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fitzgibbons RJ, Forse RA |title=Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=372 |issue=8 |pages=756–63 |year=2015 |pmid=25693015 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1404068 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
[[Category: (name of the system)]] | |||
Latest revision as of 15:22, 29 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]
Overview
The incidence of inguinal hernia is approximately 110 per 100,000 individuals in years aged 16-24 years to 2000 per 100,000 person years aged 75 years or above in men. The prevalence of inguinal hernia is approximately 1700 per 100,000 individuals for all ages and 4000 per 100,000 for those aged over 45 years worldwide. The incidence of inguinal hernia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 40-59 years. Male are more commonly affected by inguinal hernia than female. The male to female ratio is approximately 9 to 1.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of inguinal hernia is approximately 110 per 100,000 individuals in years aged 16-24 years to 2000 per 100,000 person years aged 75 years or above in men.[1]
Prevalence
- The prevalence of inguinal hernia is approximately 1700 per 100,000 individuals for all ages and 4000 per 100,000 for those aged over 45 years worldwide.[2]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- The 30 day mortality rate of 2000 per 100,000 in patients under 60 years old and 48000 per 100,000 individuals in those over 60 years old after elective surgery.[3]
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop inguinal hernia.[4]
- The incidence of inguinal hernia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 40-59 years.[5]
- Direct inguinal hernia commonly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals because the abdominal walls weakens with age.
- Indirect inguinal hernias can occur at any age including the young individuals.
Race
- Inguinal hernia affects individuals of the Caucasian more than Afriacn-American.[6]
Gender
- Male are more commonly affected by inguinal hernia than female. The male to female ratio is approximately 9 to 1.[7]
References
- ↑ Jenkins JT, O'Dwyer PJ (2008). "Inguinal hernias". BMJ. 336 (7638): 269–72. doi:10.1136/bmj.39450.428275.AD. PMC 2223000. PMID 18244999.
- ↑ Kingsnorth A, LeBlanc K (2003). "Hernias: inguinal and incisional". Lancet. 362 (9395): 1561–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14746-0. PMID 14615114.
- ↑ Bay-Nielsen M, Kehlet H, Strand L, Malmstrøm J, Andersen FH, Wara P, Juul P, Callesen T (2001). "Quality assessment of 26,304 herniorrhaphies in Denmark: a prospective nationwide study". Lancet. 358 (9288): 1124–8. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(01)06251-1. PMID 11597665.
- ↑ Jenkins, J. T; O'Dwyer, P. J (2008). "Inguinal hernias". BMJ. 336 (7638): 269–272. doi:10.1136/bmj.39450.428275.AD. ISSN 0959-8138.
- ↑ Ruhl, C. E.; Everhart, J. E. (2007). "Risk Factors for Inguinal Hernia among Adults in the US Population". American Journal of Epidemiology. 165 (10): 1154–1161. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm011. ISSN 0002-9262.
- ↑ Ruhl CE, Everhart JE (2007). "Risk factors for inguinal hernia among adults in the US population". Am. J. Epidemiol. 165 (10): 1154–61. doi:10.1093/aje/kwm011. PMID 17374852.
- ↑ Fitzgibbons RJ, Forse RA (2015). "Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults". N. Engl. J. Med. 372 (8): 756–63. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1404068. PMID 25693015.