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== Overview ==
== Overview ==
Hayes Martin was the first to focus on improving cure rates by treating the [[primary tumor]] with [[X-rays]]. By 1928, V. P. Blair of St Louis was the first to advocate surgery as the best management for [[oral cancers]]. A major initiative of the 1970s and 1980s was [[Cytotoxicity|cytotoxic]] [[chemotherapy]] for patients unfit for surgery.


== Tongue cancer historical perspective ==
== Tongue cancer historical perspective ==
* 1831, Jaeger first described splitting the Cheek and Maisonneuve took matters even further by splitting both cheeks.
* In 1928, V. P. Blair of St Louis was the first to advocate surgery as the best management for [[oral cancers]].  
* Billroth appreciated the importance of good access and took the procedure a stage further, removing a section of the mandibular body to reach the tongue and oropharynx Bernard von Langenbeck, who in 1875 resected the ramus of the mandible in continuity with the primary tumour.28 


* By 1923, radiotherapy was used to treat neck metastases.
* Billroth appreciated the importance of good access and took the procedure a stage further, removing a section of the [[Mandible|mandibular]] body to reach the tongue and [[oropharynx]].
* By 1930s, Hayes Martin, a radiotherapist and general surgeon, at Memorial Hospital, New York, was the first to focuse on improving cure rates by treating the primary tumour with X-rays by the Coutard method supplemented with gold radium seeds.  
* In 1875, Bernard von Langenbeck resected the ramus of [[Mandible|the mandible]] in continuity with the primary tumor.<ref name="pmid1089857">{{cite journal| author=Alberti PW| title=Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. II. The evolution of laryngology and laryngectomy in the mid-19th century. | journal=Laryngoscope | year= 1975 | volume= 85 | issue= 2 | pages= 288-98 | pmid=1089857 | doi=10.1288/00005537-197502000-00006 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1089857  }}</ref>
* By 1928, V. P. Blair of St Louis was the first to advocate surgery as the best management for oral cancers. Blair introduced regional flaps in and these were later popularized by Egerton, Mcgregor, and Millard.72
* In 1917, Esser was the  first to describe an axial pattern flap based on the [[temporal artery]].<ref name="pmid17863675">{{cite journal| author=Esser JF| title=STUDIES IN PLASTIC SURGERY OF THE FACE: I. USE OF SKIN FROM THE NECK TO REPLACE FACE DEFECTS. II. PLASTIC OPERATIONS ABOUT THE MOUTH. III. THE EPIDERMIC INLAY. | journal=Ann Surg | year= 1917 | volume= 65 | issue= 3 | pages= 297-315 | pmid=17863675 | doi= | pmc=1426412 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17863675  }}</ref>
* By fifties, development of bleeding control techniques, antibiotics, and blood transfusion made it possible to do advanced surgeries for cancers.
 
* The use of a split skin grafts had been first introduced in 1917 by Esser he described an axial pattern flap based on the temporal artery.67,68
* By 1923, [[Radiation therapy|radiotherapy]] was used to treat neck [[Metastasis|metastases]].
* In the latter half of this century, A major initiative of the 1970s and 1980s was cytotoxic chemotherapy.
* By 1930s, Hayes Martin was the first to focus on improving cure rates by treating the primary [[tumor]] with [[X-rays]] by the Coutard method supplemented with gold radium seeds.  
* The prospect of improved radiotherapy results was also raised by the introduction of hyperbaric oxygen and radiosensitizers, but to little effect. The introduction of neutron beam therapy offered the prospect of a breakthrough in non-invasive therapy.  
* By 1950, development of [[bleeding]] control techniques, [[antibiotics]], and [[blood transfusion]] made it possible to do advanced surgeries for cancers.
* A major initiative of the 1970s and 1980s was [[Cytotoxicity|cytotoxic]] [[chemotherapy]] for patients unfit for surgeries.  


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{WH}}
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Otolaryngology]]

Latest revision as of 20:38, 29 January 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2] Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[3]

Overview

Hayes Martin was the first to focus on improving cure rates by treating the primary tumor with X-rays. By 1928, V. P. Blair of St Louis was the first to advocate surgery as the best management for oral cancers. A major initiative of the 1970s and 1980s was cytotoxic chemotherapy for patients unfit for surgery.

Tongue cancer historical perspective

  • In 1928, V. P. Blair of St Louis was the first to advocate surgery as the best management for oral cancers.
  • Billroth appreciated the importance of good access and took the procedure a stage further, removing a section of the mandibular body to reach the tongue and oropharynx.
  • In 1875, Bernard von Langenbeck resected the ramus of the mandible in continuity with the primary tumor.[1]
  • In 1917, Esser was the first to describe an axial pattern flap based on the temporal artery.[2]
  • By 1923, radiotherapy was used to treat neck metastases.
  • By 1930s, Hayes Martin was the first to focus on improving cure rates by treating the primary tumor with X-rays by the Coutard method supplemented with gold radium seeds.
  • By 1950, development of bleeding control techniques, antibiotics, and blood transfusion made it possible to do advanced surgeries for cancers.
  • A major initiative of the 1970s and 1980s was cytotoxic chemotherapy for patients unfit for surgeries.

References

  1. Alberti PW (1975). "Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. II. The evolution of laryngology and laryngectomy in the mid-19th century". Laryngoscope. 85 (2): 288–98. doi:10.1288/00005537-197502000-00006. PMID 1089857.
  2. Esser JF (1917). "STUDIES IN PLASTIC SURGERY OF THE FACE: I. USE OF SKIN FROM THE NECK TO REPLACE FACE DEFECTS. II. PLASTIC OPERATIONS ABOUT THE MOUTH. III. THE EPIDERMIC INLAY". Ann Surg. 65 (3): 297–315. PMC 1426412. PMID 17863675.

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