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| {{DiseaseDisorder infobox | | | __NOTOC__ |
| Name = Cholecystitis |
| | {| class="infobox" style="float:right;" |
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|K|81||k|80}} |
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| ICD9 = {{ICD9|575.0}}, {{ICD9|575.1}} |
| | | [[File:Siren.gif|30px|link=Cholecystitis resident survival guide]]|| <br> || <br> |
| ICDO = |
| | | [[Cholecystitis resident survival guide|'''Resident'''<br>'''Survival'''<br>'''Guide''']] |
| Image = Chronic cholecystitis 001.jpg|
| | |} |
| Caption = Chronic Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis: Gross natural color opened gallbladder with obviously thickened wall and fill-ed with faceted black calculi. <br> <small> [http://www.peir.net Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small> |
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| OMIM = |
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| MedlinePlus = |
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| eMedicineSubj = med |
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| eMedicineTopic = 346 |
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| DiseasesDB = 2520 |
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| }}
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| {{Cholecystitis}} | | {{Cholecystitis}} |
| '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]''' | | '''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]''' |
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| {{CMG}} | | {{CMG}}; {{AE}}, {{MMF}}, {{ADI}} |
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| {{Editor Help}}
| | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis overview|Overview]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis overview|Overview]]== | | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== |
| | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis classification|Classification]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== | | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== | | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis causes|Causes]]== |
| | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Cholecystitis from other Diseases]]== |
| | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology & Demographics]]== | | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]== | | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis screening|Screening]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis screening|Screening]]== | | ==[[Chronic cholecystitis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]== |
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| ==[[Cholecystitis causes|Causes]]==
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| ==[[Cholecystitis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Cholecystitis]]==
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| ==[[Cholecystitis natural history|Complications & Prognosis]]==
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| [[Cholecystitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Cholecystitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Cholecystitis staging|Staging]] | [[Cholecystitis laboratory tests|Laboratory tests]] | [[Cholecystitis electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Cholecystitis x ray|X Rays]] | [[Cholecystitis CT|CT]] | [[Cholecystitis MRI|MRI]] [[Cholecystitis echocardiography or ultrasound|Echocardiography or Ultrasound]] | [[Cholecystitis other imaging findings|Other images]] | [[Cholecystitis other diagnostic studies|Alternative diagnostics]] | | [[Chronic cholecystitis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis x ray|X Ray]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis CT|CT]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis MRI|MRI]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| [[Cholecystitis medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Cholecystitis surgery|Surgical options]] | [[Cholecystitis primary prevention|Primary prevention]] | [[Cholecystitis secondary prevention|Secondary prevention]] | [[Cholecystitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Financial costs]] | [[Cholecystitis future or investigational therapies|Future therapies]] | | [[Chronic cholecystitis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Chronic cholecystitis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
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| ==Complications of cholecystitis==
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| *[[Perforation]] or [[rupture]]
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| *[[Ascending cholangitis]]
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| ===Complications of cholecystectomy===
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| *bile leak ("biloma")
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| *bile duct injury (about 5-7 out of 1000 operations. Open and laparoscopic surgeries have essentially equal injuries, but the recent trend is towards fewer injuries with laparoscopy, probably because the open cases often result because the gallbladder is too difficult or risky to remove with laparoscopy)
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| *[[abscess]]
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| *[[wound]] [[infection]]
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| *[[bleeding]] (liver surface and cystic artery most common sites)
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| *[[hernia]]
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| *organ injury (intestine and liver at highest risk, especially if [[gallbladder]] through inflammation has become adherent/scarred to other organs (e.g. [[transverse colon]])
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| *[[deep vein thrombosis]]/[[pulmonary embolism]] (unusual- risk can be decreased through use of sequential compression devices on legs during surgery)
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| ====Gall bladder perforation====<!-- This section is linked from [[Gallbladder rupture]] -->
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| Gall bladder perforation (GBP) is a rare but life-threatening complication of acute cholecystitis. The early diagnosis and treatment of GBP are crucial to patient morbidity and mortality. <ref name="pmid17203529">{{cite journal |author=Derici H, Kara C, Bozdag AD, Nazli O, Tansug T, Akca E |title=Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder perforation |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=12 |issue=48 |pages=7832-6 |year=2006 |pmid=17203529 |doi=}}</ref>
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| Approaches to this complication will vary based on the condition of an individual patient, the evaluation of the treating surgeon or physician, and the facilities' capability. It can happen at the neck from pressure necrosis of an impacted [[calculus]], or at the fundus. It can result in a local [[abscess]], or perforation into the general peritoneal cavity; if the bile, is infected diffuse [[peritonitis]] supervenes readily and rapidly. Death can result. <ref name="pmid17203529">{{cite journal |author=Derici H, Kara C, Bozdag AD, Nazli O, Tansug T, Akca E |title=Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder perforation |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=12 |issue=48 |pages=7832-6 |year=2006 |pmid=17203529 |doi=}}</ref>
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| A retrospective study looked at 332 patients who received medical and/or surgical treatment with the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Patients were treated with analgesics and antibiotics within the first 36 hours after admission (with a mean of 9 hours), and proceeded to surgery for a [[cholecystectomy]]. Two patients died and 6 patients had further complications. The morbidity and mortality rates were 37.5% and 12.5%, respectively in the present study. The authors of this study suggests that early diagnosis and emergency surgical treatment of gallbladder perforation are of crucial importance.<ref name="pmid17203529">{{cite journal |author=Derici H, Kara C, Bozdag AD, Nazli O, Tansug T, Akca E |title=Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder perforation |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=12 |issue=48 |pages=7832-6 |year=2006 |pmid=17203529 |doi=}}</ref>
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| ==Histopathological Findings: Chronic Cholecystitis==
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| <youtube v=gxGvP3GV_1E/>
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| == See also == | | ==Case Studies== |
| | [[Chronic cholecystitis case study one|Case #1]] |
| | == Related Chapters == |
| * [[Boas' sign]] | | * [[Boas' sign]] |
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| {{Gastroenterology}} | | {{Gastroenterology}} |
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| [[bs:Holecistitis]]
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| [[de:Cholezystitis]]
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| [[es:Colecistitis]]
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| [[fr:Cholécystite]]
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| [[hr:Kolecistitis]]
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| [[it:Colecistite]]
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| [[ja:胆嚢炎]]
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| [[pt:Colecistite]]
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| [[ru:Острый холецистит]]
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| [[sv:Gallblåseinflammation]]
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| [[pl:Zapalenie pęcherzyka żółciowego]]
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] |
| [[Category:Hepatology]] | | [[Category:Hepatology]] |
| [[Category:Inflammations]] | | [[Category:Surgery]] |
| [[Category:General surgery]]
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| [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] |
| [[Category:Signs and symptoms]] | | [[Category:Disease]] |
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| {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} |
| {{WikiDoc Sources}} | | {{WikiDoc Sources}} |
