Respiratory acidosis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Respiratory acidosis is an acid-base balance disturbance because of alveolar hypoventilation. Production of carbon dioxide takes place rapidly and failure of air flow directly increases the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2). | [[Respiratory acidosis]] is an [[acid-base]] balance disturbance because of [[alveolar]] [[hypoventilation]]. Production of [[carbon dioxide]] takes place rapidly and failure of air flow directly increases the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide ([[PaCO2]]). The regular reference range for [[PaCO2]] is 35-45 mm Hg. | ||
== Epidemiology and Demographics == | == Epidemiology and Demographics == | ||
=== Prevalence === | |||
* The [[prevalence]] of [[respiratory acidosis]] in patients with acute [[COPD]] is approximately 75 (95% CI 61 to 90) per 100 000/year for men aged 45-79 and 57 (95% CI 46 to 69) per 100 000 for women.<ref name="pmid10856313">{{cite journal |vauthors=Plant PK, Owen JL, Elliott MW |title=One year period prevalence study of respiratory acidosis in acute exacerbations of COPD: implications for the provision of non-invasive ventilation and oxygen administration |journal=Thorax |volume=55 |issue=7 |pages=550–4 |date=July 2000 |pmid=10856313 |pmc=1745812 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
=== Age === | |||
* The incidence of respiratory acidosis increases with age because the range for a normal gradient increases with age. | |||
* The gradient can be estimated with the help of equation A-a gradient = age x 0.3. | |||
{{Respiratory acidosis}} | {{Respiratory acidosis}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:09, 12 March 2018
Overview
Respiratory acidosis is an acid-base balance disturbance because of alveolar hypoventilation. Production of carbon dioxide takes place rapidly and failure of air flow directly increases the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2). The regular reference range for PaCO2 is 35-45 mm Hg.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence of respiratory acidosis in patients with acute COPD is approximately 75 (95% CI 61 to 90) per 100 000/year for men aged 45-79 and 57 (95% CI 46 to 69) per 100 000 for women.[1]
Age
- The incidence of respiratory acidosis increases with age because the range for a normal gradient increases with age.
- The gradient can be estimated with the help of equation A-a gradient = age x 0.3.
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