Altitude sickness history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(18 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Altitude sickness}}
{{Altitude sickness}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{F.K}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Generally, different people have different susceptibilities to altitude sickness. For some otherwise healthy people Acute mountain sickness (AMS) can begin to appear at around 2000 meters (6,500 feet) above sea level such as at many mountain ski resorts. AMS is the most frequent type of altitude sickness encountered. Symptoms often manifest themselves 6 to 10 hours after ascent and generally subside in 1 to 2 days, but they occasionally develop into the more serious conditions. Symptoms are described as headache with [[fatigue]], [[dyspepsia|stomach sickness]], [[dizziness]], and [[sleep disturbance]] as additional possible symptoms. Exertion aggravates the symptoms.
Patients with altitude sickness may have a positive history of underlying lung disease and substances or conditions that interfere with [[acclimatization]]. Common [[symptoms]] of altitude sickness include [[headache]], [[dizziness]], [[fatigue]], [[cyanosis]].


==History==
==History==
Altitude sickness usually occurs following a rapid ascent and can usually be prevented by ascending slowly. In most of these cases, the symptoms are only temporary and usually abate with time as altitude acclimatisation occurs. However, in more extreme cases symptoms can be fatal.


[[High altitude pulmonary edema]] ([[HAPE]]) and cerebral edema ([[HACE]]) are the most ominous of these symptoms, while acute mountain sickness, retinal haemorrhages, and peripheral edema are the less severe forms of the disease. The rate of ascent, the altitude attained, the amount of physical activity at high altitude, as well as individual susceptibility, are contributing factors to the incidence and severity of high-altitude illness.
<u>High Altitude Categories:</u>


==Common Symptoms==
{| border="1"
Symptoms generally associated with mild to moderate [[altitude sickness]] include:
|-
*Difficulty sleeping
|Classification||Altitude(mts)||Altitude(feet)
*[[Dizziness]] or [[light-headedness]]
|- valign="top"
*[[Fatigue]]
|High altitude||1,500-3,500 mts||4,921-11,483 feet
*[[Headache]]
|- valign="bottom"
*[[Loss of appetite]]
|Very high altitude||3,500-5,500 mts||11,483-18,045 feet
*[[Nausea]] or [[vomiting]]
|- valign="bottom"
*[[Rapid pulse]] ([[heart rate]])
|Extreme altitude||5,500-8,850 mts||18,045-29,035 feet
*[[Shortness of breath]] with [[exertion]]
|}


Symptoms generally associated with more severe [[altitude sickness]] include:
Patients with altitude sickness may have a positive history of:
*Bluish discoloration of the skin ([[cyanosis]])
*Substances (alcohol) or conditions that interfere with [[acclimatization]]
*[[Chest tightness]] or [[congestion]]
*Comorbidities that interfere with [[respiration]] such as [[neuromuscular disease]] or [[pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Confusion]]
*[[Sleep apnea]]
*[[Cough]]
*Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
*Coughing up blood
*[[Restrictive lung disease]]
*Decreased [[consciousness]] or withdrawal from social interaction
*[[Cystic fibrosis]]
*Gray or pale complexion
*[[Pneumonia]]
*Inability to walk in a straight line, or to walk at all
*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Shortness of breath]] at rest
*[[Carotid artery]] [[surgery]] or neck [[radiation]]
 
==Symptoms==
*Common [[Symptom|symptoms]] of altitude sickness include:<ref name="pmid23908794">{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor AT |title=High-altitude illnesses: physiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment |journal=Rambam Maimonides Med J |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=e0022 |date=January 2011 |pmid=23908794 |pmc=3678789 |doi=10.5041/RMMJ.10022 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18682459">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schoene RB |title=Illnesses at high altitude |journal=Chest |volume=134 |issue=2 |pages=402–416 |date=August 2008 |pmid=18682459 |doi=10.1378/chest.07-0561 |url=}}</ref>
**[[Headache]]
**[[Dizziness]]
**[[Tinnitus]]
**[[Breathlessness]]
**[[Palpitation|Palpitations]]
**[[Sleep disturbance]]
**[[Fatigue]]
**[[Anorexia]]
**[[Mental confusion]]
**[[Cyanosis]]
**Dilation of veins
**Loss of [[appetite]]
 
*Less common symptoms of altitude sickness include:<ref name="pmid12801752">{{cite journal |vauthors=Basnyat B, Murdoch DR |title=High-altitude illness |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9373 |pages=1967–74 |date=June 2003 |pmid=12801752 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13591-X |url=}}</ref>
**[[Nausea]] or [[vomiting]]
**[[Rapid pulse]] ([[heart rate]])
**[[Shortness of breath]] with [[exertion]]
**[[Chest tightness]] or [[congestion]]
**[[Confusion]]
**[[Cough]]
**Coughing up blood
**Decreased [[consciousness]] or withdrawal from social interaction
**Gray or pale complexion
**Inability to walk in a straight line, or to walk at all
**[[Shortness of breath]] at rest


The most frequent symptoms and signs of chronic mountain sickness (CMS) are headache, dizziness, [[tinnitus]], breathlessness, [[palpitations]], sleep disturbance, fatigue, [[anorexia (symptom)|anorexia]], mental confusion, [[cyanosis]], and dilation of veins.<ref name="pmid15667803">{{cite journal| author=Wu TY| title=Chronic mountain sickness on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. | journal=Chin Med J (Engl) | year= 2005 | volume= 118 | issue= 2 | pages= 161-8 | pmid=15667803 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15667803  }} </ref>
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Mountaineering]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 16:18, 21 March 2018

Altitude sickness Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Altitude Sickness from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Altitude sickness history and symptoms On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Altitude sickness history and symptoms

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Altitude sickness history and symptoms

CDC on Altitude sickness history and symptoms

Altitude sickness history and symptoms in the news

Blogs on Altitude sickness history and symptoms

Directions to Hospitals Treating Altitude sickness

Risk calculators and risk factors for Altitude sickness history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2]

Overview

Patients with altitude sickness may have a positive history of underlying lung disease and substances or conditions that interfere with acclimatization. Common symptoms of altitude sickness include headache, dizziness, fatigue, cyanosis.

History

High Altitude Categories:

Classification Altitude(mts) Altitude(feet)
High altitude 1,500-3,500 mts 4,921-11,483 feet
Very high altitude 3,500-5,500 mts 11,483-18,045 feet
Extreme altitude 5,500-8,850 mts 18,045-29,035 feet

Patients with altitude sickness may have a positive history of:

Symptoms

References

  1. ↑ Taylor AT (January 2011). "High-altitude illnesses: physiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment". Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2 (1): e0022. doi:10.5041/RMMJ.10022. PMC 3678789. PMID 23908794.
  2. ↑ Schoene RB (August 2008). "Illnesses at high altitude". Chest. 134 (2): 402–416. doi:10.1378/chest.07-0561. PMID 18682459.
  3. ↑ Basnyat B, Murdoch DR (June 2003). "High-altitude illness". Lancet. 361 (9373): 1967–74. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13591-X. PMID 12801752.

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Altitude_sickness_history_and_symptoms&oldid=1455758"