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| __NOTOC__ | | __NOTOC__ |
| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSH}}
| | '''''To review the differential diagnosis of diarrhea, click [[Diarrhea#Differential Diagnosis of Diarrhea of other diseases|here]].''''' |
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| | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSH}}, {{SMP}} |
| ==Differential Diagnosis of Acute Fatty Diarrhea from other diseases== | | ==Differential Diagnosis of Acute Fatty Diarrhea from other diseases== |
| '''The following table outlines the major differential diagnoses of acute fatty diarrhea.'''<ref name="Casburn-JonesFarthing2004">{{cite journal|last1=Casburn-Jones|first1=Anna C|last2=Farthing|first2=Michael Jg|title=Traveler's diarrhea|journal=Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology|volume=19|issue=6|year=2004|pages=610–618|issn=0815-9319|doi=10.1111/j.1440-1746.2003.03287.x}}</ref><ref name="KamatMathur2006">{{cite journal|last1=Kamat|first1=Deepak|last2=Mathur|first2=Ambika|title=Prevention and Management of Travelers’ Diarrhea|journal=Disease-a-Month|volume=52|issue=7|year=2006|pages=289–302|issn=00115029|doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2006.08.003}}</ref><ref name="PfeifferDuPont2012">{{cite journal|last1=Pfeiffer|first1=Margaret L.|last2=DuPont|first2=Herbert L.|last3=Ochoa|first3=Theresa J.|title=The patient presenting with acute dysentery – A systematic review|journal=Journal of Infection|volume=64|issue=4|year=2012|pages=374–386|issn=01634453|doi=10.1016/j.jinf.2012.01.006}}</ref><ref name="pmid24506120">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barr W, Smith A |title=Acute diarrhea |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=89 |issue=3 |pages=180–9 |year=2014 |pmid=24506120 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29255768">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amil Dias J |title=Celiac Disease: What Do We Know in 2017? |journal=GE Port J Gastroenterol |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=275–278 |year=2017 |pmid=29255768 |doi=10.1159/000479881 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29254859">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kotloff KL, Riddle MS, Platts-Mills JA, Pavlinac P, Zaidi AKM |title=Shigellosis |journal=Lancet |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29254859 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33296-8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Yamamoto-FurushoBosques-Padilla2017">{{cite journal|last1=Yamamoto-Furusho|first1=J.K.|last2=Bosques-Padilla|first2=F.|last3=de-Paula|first3=J.|last4=Galiano|first4=M.T.|last5=Ibañez|first5=P.|last6=Juliao|first6=F.|last7=Kotze|first7=P.G.|last8=Rocha|first8=J.L.|last9=Steinwurz|first9=F.|last10=Veitia|first10=G.|last11=Zaltman|first11=C.|title=Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: Primer Consenso Latinoamericano de la Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation|journal=Revista de Gastroenterología de México|volume=82|issue=1|year=2017|pages=46–84|issn=03750906|doi=10.1016/j.rgmx.2016.07.003}}</ref><ref name="BorbélyOsterwalder2017">{{cite journal|last1=Borbély|first1=Yves M|last2=Osterwalder|first2=Alice|last3=Kröll|first3=Dino|last4=Nett|first4=Philipp C|last5=Inglin|first5=Roman A|title=Diarrhea after bariatric procedures: Diagnosis and therapy|journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=23|issue=26|year=2017|pages=4689|issn=1007-9327|doi=10.3748/wjg.v23.i26.4689}}</ref><ref name="CrawfordRamani2017">{{cite journal|last1=Crawford|first1=Sue E.|last2=Ramani|first2=Sasirekha|last3=Tate|first3=Jacqueline E.|last4=Parashar|first4=Umesh D.|last5=Svensson|first5=Lennart|last6=Hagbom|first6=Marie|last7=Franco|first7=Manuel A.|last8=Greenberg|first8=Harry B.|last9=O'Ryan|first9=Miguel|last10=Kang|first10=Gagandeep|last11=Desselberger|first11=Ulrich|last12=Estes|first12=Mary K.|title=Rotavirus infection|journal=Nature Reviews Disease Primers|volume=3|year=2017|pages=17083|issn=2056-676X|doi=10.1038/nrdp.2017.83}}</ref><ref name="pmid11068510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kist M |title=[Chronic diarrhea: value of microbiology in diagnosis] |language=German |journal=Praxis (Bern 1994) |volume=89 |issue=39 |pages=1559–65 |year=2000 |pmid=11068510 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4014291">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guerrant RL, Shields DS, Thorson SM, Schorling JB, Gröschel DH |title=Evaluation and diagnosis of acute infectious diarrhea |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=78 |issue=6B |pages=91–8 |year=1985 |pmid=4014291 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10575169">{{cite journal |vauthors=López-Vélez R, Turrientes MC, Garrón C, Montilla P, Navajas R, Fenoy S, del Aguila C |title=Microsporidiosis in travelers with diarrhea from the tropics |journal=J Travel Med |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=223–7 |year=1999 |pmid=10575169 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="WahnschaffeIgnatius2009">{{cite journal|last1=Wahnschaffe|first1=Ulrich|last2=Ignatius|first2=Ralf|last3=Loddenkemper|first3=Christoph|last4=Liesenfeld|first4=Oliver|last5=Muehlen|first5=Marion|last6=Jelinek|first6=Thomas|last7=Burchard|first7=Gerd Dieter|last8=Weinke|first8=Thomas|last9=Harms|first9=Gundel|last10=Stein|first10=Harald|last11=Zeitz|first11=Martin|last12=Ullrich|first12=Reiner|last13=Schneider|first13=Thomas|title=Diagnostic value of endoscopy for the diagnosis of giardiasis and other intestinal diseases in patients with persistent diarrhea from tropical or subtropical areas|journal=Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=42|issue=3|year=2009|pages=391–396|issn=0036-5521|doi=10.1080/00365520600881193}}</ref><ref name="pmid27765536">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mena Bares LM, Carmona Asenjo E, García Sánchez MV, Moreno Ortega E, Maza Muret FR, Guiote Moreno MV, Santos Bueno AM, Iglesias Flores E, Benítez Cantero JM, Vallejo Casas JA |title=75SeHCAT scan in bile acid malabsorption in chronic diarrhoea |journal=Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=37–47 |year=2017 |pmid=27765536 |doi=10.1016/j.remn.2016.08.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19365159">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gibson RJ, Stringer AM |title=Chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea |journal=Curr Opin Support Palliat Care |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=31–5 |year=2009 |pmid=19365159 |doi=10.1097/SPC.0b013e32832531bb |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23384808">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abraham BP, Sellin JH |title=Drug-induced, factitious, & idiopathic diarrhoea |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=26 |issue=5 |pages=633–48 |year=2012 |pmid=23384808 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.007 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25692805">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reintam Blaser A, Deane AM, Fruhwald S |title=Diarrhoea in the critically ill |journal=Curr Opin Crit Care |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=142–53 |year=2015 |pmid=25692805 |doi=10.1097/MCC.0000000000000188 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17373914">{{cite journal |vauthors=McMahan ZH, DuPont HL |title=Review article: the history of acute infectious diarrhoea management--from poorly focused empiricism to fluid therapy and modern pharmacotherapy |journal=Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=7 |pages=759–69 |year=2007 |pmid=17373914 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03261.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23384801">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schiller LR |title=Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=26 |issue=5 |pages=551–62 |year=2012 |pmid=23384801 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3523719">{{cite journal |vauthors=Giannella RA |title=Chronic diarrhea in travelers: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=8 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages=S223–6 |year=1986 |pmid=3523719 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16151544">{{cite journal| author=Silverberg MS, Satsangi J, Ahmad T, Arnott ID, Bernstein CN, Brant SR et al.| title=Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: report of a Working Party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology. | journal=Can J Gastroenterol | year= 2005 | volume= 19 Suppl A | issue= | pages= 5A-36A | pmid=16151544 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16151544 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12135027">{{cite journal| author=Sauter GH, Moussavian AC, Meyer G, Steitz HO, Parhofer KG, Jüngst D| title=Bowel habits and bile acid malabsorption in the months after cholecystectomy. | journal=Am J Gastroenterol | year= 2002 | volume= 97 | issue= 7 | pages= 1732-5 | pmid=12135027 | doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05779.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12135027 }}</ref><ref name="pmid1702075">{{cite journal| author=Maiuri L, Raia V, Potter J, Swallow D, Ho MW, Fiocca R et al.| title=Mosaic pattern of lactase expression by villous enterocytes in human adult-type hypolactasia. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 1991 | volume= 100 | issue= 2 | pages= 359-69 | pmid=1702075 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1702075 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14439871">{{cite journal| author=RUBIN CE, BRANDBORG LL, PHELPS PC, TAYLOR HC| title=Studies of celiac disease. I. The apparent identical and specific nature of the duodenal and proximal jejunal lesion in celiac disease and idiopathic sprue. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 1960 | volume= 38 | issue= | pages= 28-49 | pmid=14439871 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14439871 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8209928">{{cite journal| author=Konvolinka CW| title=Acute diverticulitis under age forty. | journal=Am J Surg | year= 1994 | volume= 167 | issue= 6 | pages= 562-5 | pmid=8209928 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8209928 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16698746">{{cite journal| author=Satsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel JF| title=The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications. | journal=Gut | year= 2006 | volume= 55 | issue= 6 | pages= 749-53 | pmid=16698746 | doi=10.1136/gut.2005.082909 | pmc=1856208 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16698746 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12700377">{{cite journal| author=Haque R, Huston CD, Hughes M, Houpt E, Petri WA| title=Amebiasis. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2003 | volume= 348 | issue= 16 | pages= 1565-73 | pmid=12700377 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra022710 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12700377 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8694025">{{cite journal| author=Hertzler SR, Savaiano DA| title=Colonic adaptation to daily lactose feeding in lactose maldigesters reduces lactose intolerance. | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year= 1996 | volume= 64 | issue= 2 | pages= 232-6 | pmid=8694025 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8694025 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9414969">{{cite journal| author=Briet F, Pochart P, Marteau P, Flourie B, Arrigoni E, Rambaud JC| title=Improved clinical tolerance to chronic lactose ingestion in subjects with lactose intolerance: a placebo effect? | journal=Gut | year= 1997 | volume= 41 | issue= 5 | pages= 632-5 | pmid=9414969 | doi= | pmc=1891556 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9414969 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15391722">{{cite journal| author=BLACK-SCHAFFER B| title=The tinctoral demonstration of a glycoprotein in Whipple's disease. | journal=Proc Soc Exp Biol Med | year= 1949 | volume= 72 | issue= 1 | pages= 225-7 | pmid=15391722 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15391722 }} </ref> | | '''The following table outlines the major differential diagnoses of acute fatty diarrhea.'''<ref name="Casburn-JonesFarthing2004">{{cite journal|last1=Casburn-Jones|first1=Anna C|last2=Farthing|first2=Michael Jg|title=Traveler's diarrhea|journal=Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology|volume=19|issue=6|year=2004|pages=610–618|issn=0815-9319|doi=10.1111/j.1440-1746.2003.03287.x}}</ref><ref name="KamatMathur2006">{{cite journal|last1=Kamat|first1=Deepak|last2=Mathur|first2=Ambika|title=Prevention and Management of Travelers’ Diarrhea|journal=Disease-a-Month|volume=52|issue=7|year=2006|pages=289–302|issn=00115029|doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2006.08.003}}</ref><ref name="PfeifferDuPont2012">{{cite journal|last1=Pfeiffer|first1=Margaret L.|last2=DuPont|first2=Herbert L.|last3=Ochoa|first3=Theresa J.|title=The patient presenting with acute dysentery – A systematic review|journal=Journal of Infection|volume=64|issue=4|year=2012|pages=374–386|issn=01634453|doi=10.1016/j.jinf.2012.01.006}}</ref><ref name="pmid24506120">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barr W, Smith A |title=Acute diarrhea |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=89 |issue=3 |pages=180–9 |year=2014 |pmid=24506120 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29255768">{{cite journal |vauthors=Amil Dias J |title=Celiac Disease: What Do We Know in 2017? |journal=GE Port J Gastroenterol |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=275–278 |year=2017 |pmid=29255768 |doi=10.1159/000479881 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid29254859">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kotloff KL, Riddle MS, Platts-Mills JA, Pavlinac P, Zaidi AKM |title=Shigellosis |journal=Lancet |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29254859 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33296-8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Yamamoto-FurushoBosques-Padilla2017">{{cite journal|last1=Yamamoto-Furusho|first1=J.K.|last2=Bosques-Padilla|first2=F.|last3=de-Paula|first3=J.|last4=Galiano|first4=M.T.|last5=Ibañez|first5=P.|last6=Juliao|first6=F.|last7=Kotze|first7=P.G.|last8=Rocha|first8=J.L.|last9=Steinwurz|first9=F.|last10=Veitia|first10=G.|last11=Zaltman|first11=C.|title=Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: Primer Consenso Latinoamericano de la Pan American Crohn's and Colitis Organisation|journal=Revista de Gastroenterología de México|volume=82|issue=1|year=2017|pages=46–84|issn=03750906|doi=10.1016/j.rgmx.2016.07.003}}</ref><ref name="BorbélyOsterwalder2017">{{cite journal|last1=Borbély|first1=Yves M|last2=Osterwalder|first2=Alice|last3=Kröll|first3=Dino|last4=Nett|first4=Philipp C|last5=Inglin|first5=Roman A|title=Diarrhea after bariatric procedures: Diagnosis and therapy|journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=23|issue=26|year=2017|pages=4689|issn=1007-9327|doi=10.3748/wjg.v23.i26.4689}}</ref><ref name="CrawfordRamani2017">{{cite journal|last1=Crawford|first1=Sue E.|last2=Ramani|first2=Sasirekha|last3=Tate|first3=Jacqueline E.|last4=Parashar|first4=Umesh D.|last5=Svensson|first5=Lennart|last6=Hagbom|first6=Marie|last7=Franco|first7=Manuel A.|last8=Greenberg|first8=Harry B.|last9=O'Ryan|first9=Miguel|last10=Kang|first10=Gagandeep|last11=Desselberger|first11=Ulrich|last12=Estes|first12=Mary K.|title=Rotavirus infection|journal=Nature Reviews Disease Primers|volume=3|year=2017|pages=17083|issn=2056-676X|doi=10.1038/nrdp.2017.83}}</ref><ref name="pmid11068510">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kist M |title=[Chronic diarrhea: value of microbiology in diagnosis] |language=German |journal=Praxis (Bern 1994) |volume=89 |issue=39 |pages=1559–65 |year=2000 |pmid=11068510 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid4014291">{{cite journal |vauthors=Guerrant RL, Shields DS, Thorson SM, Schorling JB, Gröschel DH |title=Evaluation and diagnosis of acute infectious diarrhea |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=78 |issue=6B |pages=91–8 |year=1985 |pmid=4014291 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10575169">{{cite journal |vauthors=López-Vélez R, Turrientes MC, Garrón C, Montilla P, Navajas R, Fenoy S, del Aguila C |title=Microsporidiosis in travelers with diarrhea from the tropics |journal=J Travel Med |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=223–7 |year=1999 |pmid=10575169 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="WahnschaffeIgnatius2009">{{cite journal|last1=Wahnschaffe|first1=Ulrich|last2=Ignatius|first2=Ralf|last3=Loddenkemper|first3=Christoph|last4=Liesenfeld|first4=Oliver|last5=Muehlen|first5=Marion|last6=Jelinek|first6=Thomas|last7=Burchard|first7=Gerd Dieter|last8=Weinke|first8=Thomas|last9=Harms|first9=Gundel|last10=Stein|first10=Harald|last11=Zeitz|first11=Martin|last12=Ullrich|first12=Reiner|last13=Schneider|first13=Thomas|title=Diagnostic value of endoscopy for the diagnosis of giardiasis and other intestinal diseases in patients with persistent diarrhea from tropical or subtropical areas|journal=Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=42|issue=3|year=2009|pages=391–396|issn=0036-5521|doi=10.1080/00365520600881193}}</ref><ref name="pmid27765536">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mena Bares LM, Carmona Asenjo E, García Sánchez MV, Moreno Ortega E, Maza Muret FR, Guiote Moreno MV, Santos Bueno AM, Iglesias Flores E, Benítez Cantero JM, Vallejo Casas JA |title=75SeHCAT scan in bile acid malabsorption in chronic diarrhoea |journal=Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=37–47 |year=2017 |pmid=27765536 |doi=10.1016/j.remn.2016.08.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19365159">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gibson RJ, Stringer AM |title=Chemotherapy-induced diarrhoea |journal=Curr Opin Support Palliat Care |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=31–5 |year=2009 |pmid=19365159 |doi=10.1097/SPC.0b013e32832531bb |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23384808">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abraham BP, Sellin JH |title=Drug-induced, factitious, & idiopathic diarrhoea |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=26 |issue=5 |pages=633–48 |year=2012 |pmid=23384808 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.007 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25692805">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reintam Blaser A, Deane AM, Fruhwald S |title=Diarrhoea in the critically ill |journal=Curr Opin Crit Care |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=142–53 |year=2015 |pmid=25692805 |doi=10.1097/MCC.0000000000000188 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17373914">{{cite journal |vauthors=McMahan ZH, DuPont HL |title=Review article: the history of acute infectious diarrhoea management--from poorly focused empiricism to fluid therapy and modern pharmacotherapy |journal=Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. |volume=25 |issue=7 |pages=759–69 |year=2007 |pmid=17373914 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03261.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23384801">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schiller LR |title=Definitions, pathophysiology, and evaluation of chronic diarrhoea |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=26 |issue=5 |pages=551–62 |year=2012 |pmid=23384801 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2012.11.011 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3523719">{{cite journal |vauthors=Giannella RA |title=Chronic diarrhea in travelers: diagnostic and therapeutic considerations |journal=Rev. Infect. Dis. |volume=8 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages=S223–6 |year=1986 |pmid=3523719 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16151544">{{cite journal| author=Silverberg MS, Satsangi J, Ahmad T, Arnott ID, Bernstein CN, Brant SR et al.| title=Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: report of a Working Party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology. | journal=Can J Gastroenterol | year= 2005 | volume= 19 Suppl A | issue= | pages= 5A-36A | pmid=16151544 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16151544 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12135027">{{cite journal| author=Sauter GH, Moussavian AC, Meyer G, Steitz HO, Parhofer KG, Jüngst D| title=Bowel habits and bile acid malabsorption in the months after cholecystectomy. | journal=Am J Gastroenterol | year= 2002 | volume= 97 | issue= 7 | pages= 1732-5 | pmid=12135027 | doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05779.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12135027 }}</ref><ref name="pmid1702075">{{cite journal| author=Maiuri L, Raia V, Potter J, Swallow D, Ho MW, Fiocca R et al.| title=Mosaic pattern of lactase expression by villous enterocytes in human adult-type hypolactasia. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 1991 | volume= 100 | issue= 2 | pages= 359-69 | pmid=1702075 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1702075 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14439871">{{cite journal| author=RUBIN CE, BRANDBORG LL, PHELPS PC, TAYLOR HC| title=Studies of celiac disease. I. The apparent identical and specific nature of the duodenal and proximal jejunal lesion in celiac disease and idiopathic sprue. | journal=Gastroenterology | year= 1960 | volume= 38 | issue= | pages= 28-49 | pmid=14439871 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14439871 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8209928">{{cite journal| author=Konvolinka CW| title=Acute diverticulitis under age forty. | journal=Am J Surg | year= 1994 | volume= 167 | issue= 6 | pages= 562-5 | pmid=8209928 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8209928 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16698746">{{cite journal| author=Satsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel JF| title=The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications. | journal=Gut | year= 2006 | volume= 55 | issue= 6 | pages= 749-53 | pmid=16698746 | doi=10.1136/gut.2005.082909 | pmc=1856208 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16698746 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12700377">{{cite journal| author=Haque R, Huston CD, Hughes M, Houpt E, Petri WA| title=Amebiasis. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2003 | volume= 348 | issue= 16 | pages= 1565-73 | pmid=12700377 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra022710 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12700377 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8694025">{{cite journal| author=Hertzler SR, Savaiano DA| title=Colonic adaptation to daily lactose feeding in lactose maldigesters reduces lactose intolerance. | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year= 1996 | volume= 64 | issue= 2 | pages= 232-6 | pmid=8694025 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8694025 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9414969">{{cite journal| author=Briet F, Pochart P, Marteau P, Flourie B, Arrigoni E, Rambaud JC| title=Improved clinical tolerance to chronic lactose ingestion in subjects with lactose intolerance: a placebo effect? | journal=Gut | year= 1997 | volume= 41 | issue= 5 | pages= 632-5 | pmid=9414969 | doi= | pmc=1891556 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9414969 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15391722">{{cite journal| author=BLACK-SCHAFFER B| title=The tinctoral demonstration of a glycoprotein in Whipple's disease. | journal=Proc Soc Exp Biol Med | year= 1949 | volume= 72 | issue= 1 | pages= 225-7 | pmid=15391722 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15391722 }} </ref> |
| Line 41: |
Line 42: |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb | | ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt | | ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Ischemic colitis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Hyperactive then absent [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| *[[Tenderness (medicine)|Abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
| |
| *Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
| |
| *Elevated serum [[Lactic acid|lactate]]
| |
| *Elevated [[lactate dehydrogenase]] ([[Lactate dehydrogenase|LDH]])
| |
| *Elevated [[Creatine kinase|creatine phosphokinase]] ([[Creatine kinase|CPK]])
| |
| *Elevated [[amylase]]
| |
| *[[Hypoalbuminemia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Henoch-Schönlein purpura|IgA vasculitis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Thrombophilia|Hypercoagulability]]
| |
| *Nonocclusive [[Ischemic colitis|colonic ischemia]]
| |
| *[[Embolism|Embolic]] and [[Thrombosis|thrombotic]] arterial occlusion
| |
| *[[Mesenteric vein thrombosis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Abdominal [[Computed tomography|CT scan]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Lactose intolerance]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Abdominal tenderness ]]
| |
| * [[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * Lactose tolerance test
| |
| * Genetic testing
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Headache]]
| |
| * [[Vertigo]]
| |
| * [[Memory impairment]]
| |
| * [[Lethargy]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * Reduction of lactase enzyme activity or inability to produce persistent [[lactase]]
| |
| * Congenital [[lactase deficiency]]
| |
| * Secondary lactose malabsorption
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Small bowel]] [[biopsy]]
| |
| * Lactose breath hydrogen test
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Tropical sprue]] | | ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Tropical sprue]] |
| Line 152: |
Line 79: |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | |
| * Diagnosis of exclusion | | * Diagnosis of exclusion |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Pseudomembranous enterocolitis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * Generalized [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| * [[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| * [[Rebound tenderness|Rebound abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|Enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]])
| |
| * [[Polymerase chain reaction]] ([[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]) assay or ''[[Clostridium difficile infection|C. difficile]]'' antigen
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * Elevated [[Creatinine|serum creatinine]]
| |
| * [[Hypoalbuminemia]]
| |
| * Elevated [[lactic acid]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Dehydration]]
| |
| * [[Acute kidney injury]]
| |
|
| |
| * [[Bacteremia]]
| |
| * [[Reactive arthritis]]
| |
| * [[Necrotizing fasciitis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Clostridium difficile|''Clostridium difficile'']]
| |
| * Recent [[antibiotics]] use
| |
| * Recent [[surgery]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Stool examination|Stool exam]]
| |
| * Pseudomembranes on [[colonoscopy]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Campylobacteriosis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Toxic megacolon]]
| |
| *[[Sepsis]]
| |
| *[[Arthritis]]
| |
| *[[Endocarditis]]
| |
| *[[Guillain-Barré syndrome|Guillain–Barré syndrome]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Campylobacter jejuni|''Campylobacter jejuni'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Salmonellosis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| *[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| *Positive serologic testing
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Hypokalemia]]
| |
| *[[Hypernatremia]]
| |
| *[[Hyponatremia]]
| |
| * [[Hypercalciuria]]
| |
| * [[Hypocitraturia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Post-infectious arthritis|Post–infectious arthritis]]
| |
| * [[Obtundation]]
| |
| * [[Bacteremia]]
| |
| * [[Pericarditis]]
| |
| * [[Pyelonephritis]]
| |
| *[[Brain abscess]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Salmonella|''Salmonella'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Shigellosis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| * [[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| * Hyperactive [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| * Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑/↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Elevated [[C-reactive protein|CRP]]
| |
| *Elevated [[Erythrocyte sedimentation rate|ESR]]
| |
| *[[Hyponatremia]]
| |
| * [[Hypoglycemia]]
| |
| * [[Azotemia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Headache]]
| |
| * [[Lethargy]]
| |
| * [[Seizures]]
| |
| * [[Delirium]]
| |
| * [[Post-infectious arthritis|Post–infectious arthritis]]
| |
| * [[Myocarditis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Shigella|''Shigella'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="5" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Escherichia coli enteritis]]
| |
| | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[ETEC|'''ETEC''']]
| |
| ([[Traveler's diarrhea]])
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Escherichia coli|''Enterotoxigenic escherichia coli'']]
| |
| *[[Enterotoxin|Enterotoxins]]:
| |
| **Heat–labile [[enterotoxin]] (LT)
| |
| **Heat–stable [[enterotoxin]] (ST)
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[EPEC|'''EPEC''']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *''[[Enteropathogenic E. coli]]''
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Hybridization probe|DNA probe]] or [[polymerase chain reaction]] ([[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]]) of the ''EPEC'' adherence factor
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[EIEC|'''EIEC''']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Escherichia coli enteritis|''Enteroinvasive E. coli'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Hybridization probe|DNA probe]]
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[EHEC|'''EHEC''']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| * [[Azotemia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|Hemolytic uremic syndrome]] ([[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|HUS]])
| |
| *[[Renal insufficiency|Renal failure]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Enterohemorrhagic escherichica coli|''Enterohemorrhagic E. coli'']]
| |
| *[[Shiga toxin|Shiga toxins]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[EAEC|'''EAEC''']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Chronic infection in [[Immunodeficiency|immunocompromised]] patients
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Escherichia coli enteritis|''Enteroaggregative E. coli'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| * [[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| * Hyperactive [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| * Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Bacteremia]]
| |
| *[[Reactive arthritis]]
| |
| *[[Glomerulonephritis]]
| |
| *[[Endocarditis]]
| |
| *[[Erythema nodosum]]
| |
| *[[Abscess]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Yersinia enterocolitica|''Yersinia enterocolitica'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Vibrio cholerae|Vibrio cholera]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Azotemia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Severe [[dehydration]]
| |
| *Decreased [[Turgor|skin turgor]]
| |
| *[[Oliguria]]
| |
| *[[Renal insufficiency|Renal failure]]
| |
| *[[Cramp|Muscle cramps]]
| |
| *[[Seizure]]
| |
| *[[Somnolence]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Cholera toxin]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Aeromonas]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| * [[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| * Hyperactive [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| * Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Wound [[infection]]
| |
| *[[Bacteremia]]
| |
| *[[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|Hemolytic uremic syndrome]]
| |
| *[[Meningitis]]
| |
| *[[Ocular]] infection
| |
| *[[Pneumonia]]
| |
| *[[Urinary tract infection]]
| |
| *[[Osteomyelitis]]
| |
| *[[Peritonitis]]
| |
| *[[Acute cholecystitis]]
| |
| *[[Opportunistic infection|Opportunistic infections]] in [[Immunodeficiency|immunocompromised]] patients
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *''[[Aeromonas]]'' virulence factors including [[Endotoxin|endotoxins]], [[Hemolysin|hemolysins]], [[Enterotoxin|enterotoxins]], and adherence factors
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Blood culture]]
| |
| *Wound [[Culture collection|culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Plesiomonas shigelloides|Plesiomonas]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| * Hyperactive [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| * Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Opportunistic infection|Opportunistic infections]] in [[Immunodeficiency|immunocompromised]] patients or [[Hepato-biliary diseases|hepatobiliary disease]]
| |
| *[[Bacteremia]]
| |
| *[[Cellulitis]] and [[Skin and soft-tissue infections|skin abscesses]]
| |
| *[[Peritonitis]]
| |
| *[[Meningoencephalitis]]
| |
| *[[Ocular]] [[infection]]
| |
| *[[Pneumonia]]
| |
| *[[Prosthetic devices|Prosthetic]] joint [[infection]]
| |
| *Septic [[Pregnancy termination complications|abortion]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Plesiomonas shigelloides|''Plesiomonas shigelloides'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Blood culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Mycobacterium avium complex]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| *[[Hepatosplenomegaly]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Elevated [[Liver function tests|liver enzymes]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Opportunistic infection]] in [[Immunodeficiency|immunocompromised]] patients
| |
| *[[Pulmonary]] [[infection]]
| |
| *[[Lymphadenopathy|Adenopathy]]
| |
| *[[Sleep hyperhidrosis|Night sweats]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Mycobacterium avium complex|''Mycobacterium avium complex'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Blood culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Foodborne illness|Food poisoning]]
| |
| * [[Staphylococcus aureus]]
| |
| * [[Bacillus cereus]]
| |
| * [[Clostridium perfringens]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive [[stool culture]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *History of travel or ingestion of infected food
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Enterotoxin|Enterotoxins]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Stool culture]]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Norovirus]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive stool reverse–transcriptase [[polymerase chain reaction]] (RT–PCR)
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Myalgia]]
| |
| *[[Headache]]
| |
| *[[Seizure]]
| |
| *[[Encephalopathy]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Norovirus|''Norovirus'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Clinical diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Rotavirus]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| * Hyperactive [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| * Diffuse [[abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Elevated [[blood urea nitrogen]]
| |
| *[[Hyperchloremic acidosis]]
| |
| *[[Hypocalcemia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Necrotizing enterocolitis]]
| |
| *[[Intussusception]]
| |
| *[[Biliary atresia]]
| |
| *[[Central nervous system]] involvement
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Rotavirus|''Rotavirus'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Stool immune–based assays
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Echovirus]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Hepatic failure|Liver failure]]
| |
| *[[Myocarditis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Echovirus|''Echovirus'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Clinical diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Adenoviridae|Adenovirus]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Viral antigen assay
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Respiratory disease]]
| |
| *[[Hyperkeratosis|Follicular]] [[conjunctivitis]]
| |
| *Epidemic [[keratoconjunctivitis]]
| |
| *[[Hepatitis]]
| |
| *[[Urethritis]]
| |
| *[[Myocarditis]]
| |
| *[[Meningitis]]
| |
| *[[Bacteremia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Adenoviridae|''Adenovirus'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Clinical diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[CMV colitis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |±
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Viral antigen assay
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Decreased [[CD4]] level
| |
| *Abnormal [[Liver function tests|liver function test]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Encephalitis]]
| |
| *[[Guillain-Barré syndrome|Guillain–Barré syndrome]]
| |
| *[[Pneumonia]]
| |
| *[[Retinitis]]
| |
| *[[Pericarditis]] and [[myocarditis]]
| |
| *[[Atherosclerosis]]
| |
| *[[Venous thromboembolism|Venous thrombosis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Cytomegalovirus|''Cytomegalovirus'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Quantitative polymerase chain reaction|Quantitative PCR]] tests
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| *Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Liver abscess]]
| |
| *Pleuropulmonary infection
| |
| *[[Cardiac]] [[infection]]
| |
| *[[Brain abscess]]
| |
| *[[Skin and soft-tissue infections|Cutaneous infection]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Entamoeba histolytica|''Entamoeba histolytica'']]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Antigen testing
| |
| *Serology
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Microsporidia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]]
| |
| *Diffuse [[Tenderness (medicine)|abdominal tenderness]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Positive stool microscopy
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Decreased [[CD4]] count
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Malabsorption]]
| |
| *[[Keratitis]]
| |
| *[[Seizure]]
| |
| *[[Myositis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Microsporidia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Antigen detection assays
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Isospora]] | | ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Isospora]] |
| Line 1,202: |
Line 219: |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | |
| *Clinical evaluation after discontinuation of the drugs | | *Clinical evaluation after discontinuation of the drugs |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |Factitious diarrhea
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Abdominal distention]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" |↑/↓
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Hypokalemia]]
| |
| *[[Metabolic alkalosis]]
| |
| *[[Hypermagnesemia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Malabsorption]]
| |
| *[[Lethargy]]
| |
| *[[Generalized weakness]]
| |
| *[[Acute kidney injury|Acute renal failure]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Medication|Medications]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Clinical evaluation after discontinuation of the drugs
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Organophosphate poisoning]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *[[Saliva|Salivation]]
| |
| *[[Nausea and vomiting|Vomiting]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Reduced RBC acetylcholinesterase
| |
| *Plasma [[cholinesterase]] activity
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Dysautonomia|Autonomic dysfunction]]
| |
| *Motor deficit
| |
| *Sensory deficit
| |
| *[[Bronchospasm]]
| |
| *[[Urination]]
| |
| *[[Miosis]]
| |
| *[[Bradycardia]]
| |
| *[[Lacrimation]]
| |
| *[[Sweating]]
| |
| *[[Cardiac arrhythmia|Cardiac arrhythmias]]
| |
| *[[Acute kidney injury|Acute renal injury]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Neurotoxin|Neurotoxins]] bind to [[ACHE|acetylcholinesterase]] (AChE)
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Clinical diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Opium withdrawal]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | +
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="Left" |
| |
| *Hyperactive [[Stomach rumble|bowel sounds]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | –
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |–
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="center" | Nl
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Azotemia]]
| |
| *[[Hypokalemia]]
| |
| *[[Metabolic alkalosis]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Dysphoria]]
| |
| *[[Agitation (emotion)|Restlessness]]
| |
| *[[Perspiration|Sweating]]
| |
| *[[Rhinorrhea]]
| |
| *[[Tears|Lacrimation]]
| |
| *[[Myalgia]]
| |
| *[[Arthralgia]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *[[Opium|Opium withdrawal]]
| |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| |
| *Clinical diagnosis following [[opium withdrawal]]
| |
| |- | | |- |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Short bowel syndrome]] | | ! colspan="2" style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Short bowel syndrome]] |
| Line 1,408: |
Line 288: |
| | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | |
| *Segmental bowel [[inflammation]] on [[endoscopy]] or [[colonoscopy]] | | *Segmental bowel [[inflammation]] on [[endoscopy]] or [[colonoscopy]] |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Duration
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Diarrhea
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fever
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Abdominal pain
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Weight loss
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |GI signs
| |
| ! colspan="5" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Stool exam
| |
| ! colspan="3" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |CBC
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other lab findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Extra intestinal findings
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Cause/Pathogenesis
| |
| ! rowspan="2" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Gold standard diagnosis
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Acute
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Chronic
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Watery
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Bloody
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Fatty
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |RBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Ova/Parasite
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Osmotic gap
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Other
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |WBC
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Hgb
| |
| ! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" align="center" |Plt
| |
| |- } | | |- } |
| |} | | |} |