Hypernatremia differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Hypernatremia}} | {{Hypernatremia}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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! colspan="3" |Paraclinical Findings | ! colspan="3" |Paraclinical Findings | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="8" |Symptoms and Signs | |||
! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Lab Findings | |||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" |Confusion/ Irritable | |||
! rowspan="2" |Urine output | |||
! rowspan="2" |Vomiting/ Diarrhea | |||
! rowspan="2" |Volume status | |||
! rowspan="2" |Seizure | |||
! rowspan="2" |Blood pressure | |||
! rowspan="2" |Dry mucous membranes | |||
! rowspan="2" |Other | |||
|- | |- | ||
!Urine Osm | |||
!Serum Na | |||
!Other | |||
|- | |- | ||
!'''[[Central diabetes insipidus]]''' | !'''[[Central diabetes insipidus]]''' | ||
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|<nowiki>Desmopressin stimulation test: Not significant change in urine osmolality</nowiki> | |<nowiki>Desmopressin stimulation test: Not significant change in urine osmolality</nowiki> | ||
|- | |- | ||
!'''[[GI loss | !'''[[GI loss]]''' | ||
|<nowiki>+</nowiki> | |<nowiki>+</nowiki> | ||
|<nowiki>Oligouria</nowiki> | |<nowiki>Oligouria</nowiki> | ||
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|May be >145 mEq/L | |May be >145 mEq/L | ||
|<nowiki>Hypokalemia</nowiki> | |<nowiki>Hypokalemia</nowiki> | ||
|- | |- | ||
!'''[[Essential hypernatremia( primary hypodipsia)]]''' | |||
|<nowiki>-</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>Oligouria</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>-</nowiki> | |||
|Hypovolemic | |||
|<nowiki>-</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>Could be low</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>+</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>-</nowiki> | |||
|<nowiki>>250 mOsm/kg</nowiki> | |||
|May be >145 mEq/L | |||
|<nowiki>Low arginin vasopressin level</nowiki> | |||
|- } | |||
|} | |||
Latest revision as of 12:29, 5 July 2018
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Hypernatremia Microchapters |
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Hypernatremia differential diagnosis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypernatremia differential diagnosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypernatremia differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Hypernatremia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause
Differentiating Hypernatremia from other Diseases
| Disease | Clinical manifestations | Paraclinical Findings | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms and Signs | Lab Findings | ||||||||||
| Confusion/ Irritable | Urine output | Vomiting/ Diarrhea | Volume status | Seizure | Blood pressure | Dry mucous membranes | Other | ||||
| Urine Osm | Serum Na | Other | |||||||||
| Central diabetes insipidus | + | Polyuria | - | Hypovolemic | + | Could be high | + | - | <250 mOsm/kg | May be >170 mEq/L | Low arginin vasopressin level |
| Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic | + | Polyuria | - | Hypovolemic | + | Could be low | + | Abdominal pain | Could be normal | May be >145 mEq/L | Elevated serum glucose level and creatinine |
| Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus | + | Polyuria | - | Hypovolemic | + | Could be low | + | History of taking Gentamicin, Lithium, Rifampin | <250 mOsm/kg | May be >170 mEq/L | Desmopressin stimulation test: Not significant change in urine osmolality |
| GI loss | + | Oligouria | + | Hypovolemic | + | Could be low | + | History of contact with infected food or peaople | <250 mOsm/kg | May be >145 mEq/L | Desmopressin stimulation test: Not significant change in urine osmolality |
| Crohn (intestinal fistula) | - | Normal | Could be + | Normal | - | Normal | + | - | <250 mOsm/kg | May be >145 mEq/L | Cobblestone mucosa in colonoscopy |
| Heat strock | + | oligouria | - | Hypovolemic | + | Could be low | + | Suken eye, Sweating | >250 mOsm/kg | May be >145 mEq/L | Hypokalemia |
| Essential hypernatremia( primary hypodipsia) | - | Oligouria | - | Hypovolemic | - | Could be low | + | - | >250 mOsm/kg | May be >145 mEq/L | Low arginin vasopressin level |