Hypokalemia risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypokalemia}} | {{Hypokalemia}} | ||
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= Overview = | |||
[[Risk factor|Risk factors]] associated with a low serum potassium levels (hypokalemia) include female gender, intake of medication ([[diuretics]]), [[heart failure]], [[hypertension]], low body mass index ([[BMI]]), [[eating disorder]], [[alcoholism]], [[diarrhea]], [[Cushing's syndrome]]. | |||
== Risk Factors == | |||
The following risk factors are known to be associated with an increased risk of hypokalemia: | |||
* [[Female]] <ref name="pmid12691880">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hawkins RC |title=Gender and age as risk factors for hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in a multiethnic Asian population |journal=Clin. Chim. Acta |volume=331 |issue=1-2 |pages=171–2 |date=May 2003 |pmid=12691880 |doi= |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid8107162">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kleinfeld M, Borra S, Gavani S, Corcoran A |title=Hypokalemia: are elderly females more vulnerable? |journal=J Natl Med Assoc |volume=85 |issue=11 |pages=861–4 |date=November 1993 |pmid=8107162 |pmc=2571829 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * [[Female]] <ref name="pmid12691880">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hawkins RC |title=Gender and age as risk factors for hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in a multiethnic Asian population |journal=Clin. Chim. Acta |volume=331 |issue=1-2 |pages=171–2 |date=May 2003 |pmid=12691880 |doi= |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid8107162">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kleinfeld M, Borra S, Gavani S, Corcoran A |title=Hypokalemia: are elderly females more vulnerable? |journal=J Natl Med Assoc |volume=85 |issue=11 |pages=861–4 |date=November 1993 |pmid=8107162 |pmc=2571829 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Medications like [[diuretics]] | * Medications like [[diuretics]] | ||
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* Low [[BMI]] <ref name="pmid23332973">{{cite journal |vauthors=Liamis G, Rodenburg EM, Hofman A, Zietse R, Stricker BH, Hoorn EJ |title=Electrolyte disorders in community subjects: prevalence and risk factors |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=256–63 |date=March 2013 |pmid=23332973 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.06.037 |url=}}</ref> | * Low [[BMI]] <ref name="pmid23332973">{{cite journal |vauthors=Liamis G, Rodenburg EM, Hofman A, Zietse R, Stricker BH, Hoorn EJ |title=Electrolyte disorders in community subjects: prevalence and risk factors |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=256–63 |date=March 2013 |pmid=23332973 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.06.037 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Eating disorders|Eating disorde]]<nowiki/>r and [[alcoholism]]: low intake of [[potassium]] | * [[Eating disorders|Eating disorde]]<nowiki/>r and [[alcoholism]]: low intake of [[potassium]] | ||
* [[Diarrhea]], [[cushing syndrome]], and any condition that cause increase [[potassium]] loss <ref name="pmid24139581 | * [[Diarrhea]], [[cushing syndrome]], and any condition that cause increase [[potassium]] loss <ref name="pmid24139581">{{cite journal |vauthors=Daly K, Farrington E |title=Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in infants and children: pathophysiology and treatment |journal=J Pediatr Health Care |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=486–96; quiz 497–8 |date=2013 |pmid=24139581 |doi=10.1016/j.pedhc.2013.08.003 |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 11:11, 6 August 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aida Javanbakht, M.D.
Overview
Risk factors associated with a low serum potassium levels (hypokalemia) include female gender, intake of medication (diuretics), heart failure, hypertension, low body mass index (BMI), eating disorder, alcoholism, diarrhea, Cushing's syndrome.
Risk Factors
The following risk factors are known to be associated with an increased risk of hypokalemia:
- Female [1] [2]
- Medications like diuretics
- Heart failure
- Hypertension
- Low BMI [3]
- Eating disorder and alcoholism: low intake of potassium
- Diarrhea, cushing syndrome, and any condition that cause increase potassium loss [4]
References
- ↑ Hawkins RC (May 2003). "Gender and age as risk factors for hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in a multiethnic Asian population". Clin. Chim. Acta. 331 (1–2): 171–2. PMID 12691880.
- ↑ Kleinfeld M, Borra S, Gavani S, Corcoran A (November 1993). "Hypokalemia: are elderly females more vulnerable?". J Natl Med Assoc. 85 (11): 861–4. PMC 2571829. PMID 8107162.
- ↑ Liamis G, Rodenburg EM, Hofman A, Zietse R, Stricker BH, Hoorn EJ (March 2013). "Electrolyte disorders in community subjects: prevalence and risk factors". Am. J. Med. 126 (3): 256–63. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.06.037. PMID 23332973.
- ↑ Daly K, Farrington E (2013). "Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in infants and children: pathophysiology and treatment". J Pediatr Health Care. 27 (6): 486–96, quiz 497–8. doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2013.08.003. PMID 24139581.