Chronic lymphocytic leukemia laboratory tests: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 15:47, 30 August 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2]

Overview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include abnormal complete blood count, immunohistochemistry, and electrophoresis. Monoclonality of kappa and lambda producing B cells is a key diagnostic feature among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.^[1]^[2]

Laboratory Findings

Complete Blood Count

Absolute lymphocytosis (>5000 cells/μl)^[1]^[2]
Decreased hemoglobin concentration
Decreased platelets count

Blood Smear

Presence of smudge cells^[1]^[2]

Metabolic Panel

Elevated low-density lipoprotein level^[1]^[2]

Quantitative Immunoglobulin Assay

Quantitative measurement of IgA, IgG, and IgM immunoglobulins to detect hypogammaglobulinemia^[1]^[2]
Elevated β2-microglobulin level

Electrophoresis

Monoclonality of kappa and lambda producing B cells is a key diagnostic feature among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.^[1]^[2]

Immunohistochemistry

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells typically express CD19, CD20, CD23, and CD5 on the cell surface.^[1]^[2]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015

[pmid25461996-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 Nabhan C, Rosen ST (2014). "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review". JAMA. 312 (21): 2265–76. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.14553. PMID 25461996.

[wiki-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+__NOTOC__
 {{Chronic lymphocytic leukemia}}
+{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}}
+==Overview==
+Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include abnormal [[complete blood count]], [[immunohistochemistry]], and [[electrophoresis]]. Monoclonality of kappa and lambda producing [[B cell]]s is a key diagnostic feature among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
+==Laboratory Findings==
+===Complete Blood Count===
+* Absolute [[lymphocytosis]] (>5000 cells/μl)<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
+* Decreased [[hemoglobin]] concentration
+* Decreased [[platelet]]s count
+===Blood Smear===
+* Presence of smudge cells<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
-{{CMG}}
+===Metabolic Panel===
+* Elevated [[low-density lipoprotein]] level<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
-==Overview==
+===Quantitative Immunoglobulin Assay===
+* Quantitative measurement of [[IgA]], [[IgG]], and [[IgM]] [[immunoglobulin]]s to detect [[hypogammaglobulinemia]]<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
+* Elevated β2-microglobulin level
+===Electrophoresis===
+* Monoclonality of kappa and lambda producing [[B cell]]s is a key diagnostic feature among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
+===Immunohistochemistry===
+* Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells typically express [[CD19]], [[CD20]], [[CD23]], and [[CD5]] on the [[cell]] surface.<ref name="pmid25461996">{{cite journal| author=Nabhan C, Rosen ST| title=Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a clinical review. | journal=JAMA | year= 2014 | volume= 312 | issue= 21 | pages= 2265-76 | pmid=25461996 | doi=10.1001/jama.2014.14553 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25461996  }} </ref><ref name="wiki">Chronic Lymphocytic Leukimea. Wikipedia (2015) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-cell_chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia Accessed on October ,12 2015</ref>
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