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==Overview==
==Overview==
==Causes==
==Causes==
=== Common causes ===
Pseudotumor cerebri may be caused by:
Pseudotumor cerebri may be caused by:
* Increased production of CSF and reduced resorption: Normal CSF flow involves production at the [[Choroid plexus|choroid plexuses]] and absorption at the cranial and [[spinal nerve]] root arachnoid villi and granulations.  Impaired CSF absorption at the [[superior sagittal sinus]] or along the spinal nerve roots could therefore explain IIH and has been documented in 75-100% of IIH patients. Permeability along the blood-CSF barrier varies, producing an increasing [[oncotic pressure]] gradient between the CSF and venous system in a [[rostral]] to [[caudal]] progression.  It is speculated that variations in this oncotic pressure contribute to or impede CSF absorption.
* Intracranial venous outflow obstruction ([[Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis|venous sinus thrombosis]], [[head trauma]], [[polycythemia]], [[thrombocytosis]])
* obesity.(89 uptodate): Some evidences suggest that onesity can increase intra abdominal and intra cranial pressure and have a role in pathogenesis of IHH. (106 uptodate) In a study on 7 obese women with IHH it was seen that weith loss improved their symptoms.(107 uptodate) In the other hand higher level of leptin (a protein released from adipose tissue) was found in IHH patiets.(125)
* Endocrine dysfunction ([[obesity]], cessation of [[corticosteroid]] therapy, [[Addison's disease|Addison disease]], [[hypoparathyroidism]])
* Vitamin A intoxication: There are some evidences of higher serum and CSF level of vitamin A, retinol and retinol binding protein can be related to IHH pathogenesis.(116-118)
* Vitamin/drug ([[growth hormone]], [[hypervitaminosis A]], [[tetracycline]], [[minocycline]], [[nalidixic acid]])
 
* Other (chronic [[hypercapnia]], severe [[right heart failure]], chronic [[meningitis]], [[hypertensive encephalopathy]], severe [[iron deficiency anemia]])
* [[Idiopathic]]<ref>Clinical Neurology 9E Aminoff</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 14:26, 29 November 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Causes

Common causes

Pseudotumor cerebri may be caused by:

References

  1. ↑ Clinical Neurology 9E Aminoff

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