Renal cell carcinoma epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 17:39, 11 December 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul; Serge Korjian; Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]

Overview

In 2011, the age-adjusted prevalence of kidney cancer was 85.9 per 100,000 in the United States, the incidence was 15.28 per 100,000 persons. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1. The median age of presentation is typically 60 years old.

Epidemiology

Prevalence

Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 2-3% of all malignant tumors in the adult population.^[1] Most cases of renal cell carcinoma are sporadic; whereas only approximately 2-3% of all cases are familial, most of which have an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance.^[1]

In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of kidney cancer is 85.9 per 100,000 in 2011.^[2]
In 2012, there were an estimated 375,925 people living with kidney and renal pelvis cancer in the United States.^[3]

Incidence

The delay-adjusted incidence of kidney cancer in 2011 was estimated to be 15.88 per 100,000 persons in the United States.^[2]

In 2011, the age-adjusted incidence of kidney cancer was 15.28 per 100,000 persons in the United States.^[2]
Estimated new cases and deaths from renal cell (kidney and renal pelvis) cancer in the United States in 2015 are 61,560 and 14,080 respectively. ^[4]

Age

The median age of presentation is typically 60 years.^[1]
While the overall age-adjusted incidence of kidney cancer in the United States between 2007 and 2011 is 15.5 per 100,000, the age-adjusted incidence of kidney cancer by age category is:^[2]
- Under 65 years: 8.3 per 100,000
- 65 and over: 65 per 100,000

Gender

Renal cell carcinomas is considered the 7th most common cancer in men and the 9th most common cancer in women.
The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1.^[1] The ratio increases dramatically increases in sporadic cases of papillary renal cell carcinomas, reaching a 5 to 1 ratio.^[5]
In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of kidney cancer by gender in 2011 is:^[2]
- In males: 113.2 per 100,000
- In females: 63.3 per 100,000

In the United States, the delay-adjusted incidence of kidney cancer by gender in 2011 is:^[2]
- In males: 21.84 per 100,000 persons
- In females: 10.81 per 100,000 persons

In the United States, the age-adjusted incidence of kidney cancer by gender in 2011 is:^[2]
- In males: 21.02 per 100,000 persons
- In females: 10.4 per 100,000 persons

Shown below is an image depicting the delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of kidney cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.^[2]

Race

Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted prevalence of kidney cancer by race in 2011 in the United States.^[2]

	All Races	White	Black	Asian/Pacific Islander	Hispanic
Age-adjusted prevalence	85.9 per 100,000	90.8 per 100,000	91.3 per 100,000	46.7 per 100,000	86.7 per 100,000

Shown below is an image depicting the incidence of kidney cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.^[2]

API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B (2009). "Renal cell carcinoma". Lancet. 373 (9669): 1119–32. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4. PMID 19269025.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 ^2.7 ^2.8 ^2.9 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
↑ National Cancer Institute.Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program 2015.http://seer.cancer.gov
↑ National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq
↑ Cohen HT, McGovern FJ (2005). "Renal-cell carcinoma". N Engl J Med. 353 (23): 2477–90. doi:10.1056/NEJMra043172. PMID 16339096.

[pmid19269025-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B (2009). "Renal cell carcinoma". Lancet. 373 (9669): 1119–32. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4. PMID 19269025.

[SEER-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 ^2.5 ^2.6 ^2.7 ^2.8 ^2.9 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.

[seer-3] National Cancer Institute.Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program 2015.http://seer.cancer.gov

[cancergov-4] National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq

[pmid16339096-5] Cohen HT, McGovern FJ (2005). "Renal-cell carcinoma". N Engl J Med. 353 (23): 2477–90. doi:10.1056/NEJMra043172. PMID 16339096.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[User:YazanDaaboul|Yazan Daaboul]]; [[User:Sergekorjian|Serge Korjian]]; {{Rim}}
 {{Renal cell carcinoma}}
 ==Overview==
-Renal cell carcinoma is considered the 7th most common cancer in men and 9th most common cancer in women, accounting for approximately 2-3% of malignant tumors in adults. Men are twice more likely to be affected than women with an mean age of presentation at 60 years. Most renal cell carcinomas develop sporadically, while only a small number of cases are of genetic diseases. Clear cell carcinomas are the most common renal cell carcinomas and collecting-duct carcinomas are the least common. The diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma is mostly by the incidental finding of the tumor.
+In 2011, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of kidney cancer was 85.9 per 100,000 in the United States, the [[incidence]] was 15.28 per 100,000 persons. The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1. The median age of presentation is typically 60 years old.
 ==Epidemiology==
-Renal cell carcinomas is considered the 7th most common cancer in men and the 9th most common cancer in women. It account for approximately 2-3% of all malignant tumors in the adult population.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref> More than 70% of renal cell carcinomas are clear cell carcinomas. Papillary carcinomas are the second most common renal cell carcinomas. The least common types of renal cell carcinomas are collecting-duct renal cell carcinomas, accounting for less than 1% of all cases.<ref name="pmid16339096">{{cite journal| author=Cohen HT, McGovern FJ| title=Renal-cell carcinoma. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 23 | pages= 2477-90 | pmid=16339096 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra043172 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16339096  }} </ref> Most cases of renal cell carcinoma are sporadic; whereas only approximately 2-3% of all cases are familial, most of which have an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref>
+===Prevalence===
+* Renal cell carcinoma accounts for approximately 2-3% of all malignant tumors in the adult population.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref> Most cases of renal cell carcinoma are sporadic; whereas only approximately 2-3% of all cases are familial, most of which have an autosomal-dominant pattern of inheritance.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref>
+* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of kidney cancer is 85.9 per 100,000 in 2011.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In 2012, there were an estimated 375,925 people living with kidney and renal pelvis cancer in the United States.<ref name="seer">National Cancer Institute.Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program 2015.http://seer.cancer.gov</ref>
+===Incidence===
+* The delay-adjusted [[incidence]] of kidney cancer in 2011 was estimated to be 15.88 per 100,000 persons in the United States.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In 2011, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of kidney cancer was 15.28 per 100,000 persons in the United States.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* Estimated new cases and deaths from renal cell (kidney and renal pelvis) cancer in the United States in 2015 are 61,560 and 14,080 respectively. <ref name="cancergov">National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq </ref>
+===Age===
+* The median age of presentation is typically 60 years.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref>
+* While the overall age-adjusted [[incidence]] of kidney cancer in the United States between 2007 and 2011 is 15.5 per 100,000, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of kidney cancer by age category is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+** Under 65 years: 8.3 per 100,000
+** 65 and over: 65 per 100,000
+===Gender===
+* Renal cell carcinomas is considered the 7th most common cancer in men and the 9th most common cancer in women.
+* The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref> The ratio increases dramatically increases in sporadic cases of papillary renal cell carcinomas, reaching a 5 to 1 ratio.<ref name="pmid16339096">{{cite journal| author=Cohen HT, McGovern FJ| title=Renal-cell carcinoma. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 23 | pages= 2477-90 | pmid=16339096 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra043172 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16339096  }} </ref>
+* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of kidney cancer by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+** In males: 113.2 per 100,000
+** In females: 63.3 per 100,000
+* In the United States, the delay-adjusted [[incidence]] of kidney cancer by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+** In males: 21.84 per 100,000 persons
+** In females: 10.81 per 100,000 persons
+* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of kidney cancer by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+** In males: 21.02 per 100,000 persons
+** In females: 10.4 per 100,000 persons
+* Shown below is an image depicting the delay-adjusted [[incidence]] and observed [[incidence]] of kidney cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.  These graphs are adapted from [[SEER]]: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+[[Image: Incidence of kidney cancer by age and gender.PNG|Delay-adjusted [[incidence]] and observed [[incidence]] of kidney cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011]]
+===Race===
+* Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of kidney cancer by race in 2011 in the United States.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+{| style="cellpadding=0; cellspacing= 0; width: 600px;"
+|-
+|style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center | || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''All Races''' ||style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''White''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Black''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Asian/Pacific Islander'''  || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Hispanic'''
+|-
+| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Age-adjusted [[prevalence]]'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |85.9 per 100,000||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |90.8 per 100,000||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |91.3 per 100,000||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |46.7 per 100,000 ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |86.7 per 100,000
+|}
+* Shown below is an image depicting the [[incidence]] of kidney cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+[[Image: Incidence of kidney cancer by race.PNG|Incidence of kidney cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011]]
-The male to female ratio is approximately 2 to 1.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref> The ratio increases dramatically increases in sporadic cases of papillary renal cell carcinomas, reaching a 5 to 1 ratio.<ref name="pmid16339096">{{cite journal| author=Cohen HT, McGovern FJ| title=Renal-cell carcinoma. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2005 | volume= 353 | issue= 23 | pages= 2477-90 | pmid=16339096 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra043172 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16339096  }} </ref> The median age of presentation is typically 60 years. Presentation might range from a much more common asymptomatic course (incidental finding) to a less likely local or paraneoplastic/systemic presentation.<ref name="pmid19269025">{{cite journal| author=Rini BI, Campbell SC, Escudier B| title=Renal cell carcinoma. | journal=Lancet | year= 2009 | volume= 373 | issue= 9669 | pages= 1119-32 | pmid=19269025 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60229-4 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19269025  }} </ref>
+<small> API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native</small>
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Kidney diseases]]
 [[Category:Types of cancer]]
+[[Category:Nephrology]]
+[[Category:Mature chapter]]
+ [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 [[Category:Oncology]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
 [[Category:Nephrology]]
-[[Category:Mature chapter]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]