Escherichia coli enteritis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 00:05, 18 December 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D., Yazan Daaboul, M.D.

Overview

Symptoms of E. coli enteritis include diarrhea (either watery or bloody), nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating with or without fever (fever is characteristically absent in EHEC enteritis, but may be present in the enteritis caused by other E. coli strains). Less common symptoms may be related to complications of E. coli enteritis, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, and may include spontaneous bruising, oliguria/anuria, and painless gross hematuria.

History

History-taking for patients with E. coli enteritis should focus on risk factors for the transmission of pathogenic E. coli and development of enteritis:

Immunocompromised status
Pregnancy
Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat, poultry, raw milk, or poorly stored foods that require refrigeration (e.g. mayonnaise)

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 is commonly associated with ingestion of ground beef (e.g. in hamburgers) or alfalfa sprouts

Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well)
Recent travel to developing countries

Enterotoxigenic E. coli is the most common cause of traveler's diarrhea

Exposure to daycare
Exposure to healthcare settings (e.g. nursing homes or hospitals)
Exposure to contacts with similar symptoms
Recent history of receptive anal or oral-anal contact

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of E. coli enteritis include:

Sudden-onset, mild/severe diarrhea that may either be watery or bloody

Watery (non-inflammatory): ETEC, EPEC, EAEC, and DAEC. Of note, EIEC may cause watery diarrhea, but it is classically associated with bloody diarrhea.
Bloody (inflammatory): EHEC, EIEC. Of note, EPEC and EAEC may cause bloody diarrhea, but they are classically associated with watery diarrhea.

Bloating
Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain
Anorexia
Nausea
Vomiting (less common in E. coli enteritis than in viral gastroenteritis)
Tenesmus
Thirst
Dizziness
Fever is characteristically absent in E. coli enteritis caused by EHEC, but may sometimes be present in enteritis caused by other E. coli strains

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of E. coli enteritis are related to the development of complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Symptoms include:

References

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSK}}, {{YD}}
 ==Overview==
-Symptoms of ''E. coli'' enteritis include diarrhea (either watery or bloody), nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, bloating, and nausea with or without fever. Less common symptoms may be related to complications of E. coli enteritis, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, and may include spontaneous bruising, oliguria/anuria, and painless gross hematuria.
+[[Symptom|Symptoms]] of [[Escherichia coli enteritis|''E. coli'' enteritis]] include [[diarrhea]] (either [[watery diarrhea|watery]] or [[bloody diarrhea|bloody]]), [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], and [[bloating]] with or without [[fever]] ([[fever]] is characteristically absent in [[EHEC]] enteritis, but may be present in the enteritis caused by other ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]'' [[Strain (biology)|strains]]). Less common [[Symptom|symptoms]] may be related to [[Complication (medicine)|complications]] of [[Escherichia coli enteritis|E. coli enteritis]], such as [[hemolytic uremic syndrome]], and may include [[bruising|spontaneous bruising]], [[oliguria]]/[[anuria]], and [[Hematuria|painless gross hematuria]].
-==History and Symptoms==
 ==History==
-History-taking for patients with ''E. coli'' enteritis is generally remarkable for the following findings:
+History-taking for [[Patient|patients]] with [[Escherichia coli enteritis|''E. coli'' enteritis]] should focus on [[Risk factor|risk factors]] for the [[Transmission (medicine)|transmission]] of [[pathogenic]] ''[[E. coli]]'' and development of enteritis:
-*Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables or meat
+*[[Immunodeficiency|Immunocompromised]] status
-:*Enterohemorrhagic ''E. coli'' O157:H7 is commonly associated with ingestion of ground beef (e.g. in hamburgers) or alfalfa sprouts
+*[[Pregnancy]]
-*Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well)
+*Recent [[ingestion]] of uncooked or poorly handled [[Vegetable|vegetables]], meat, [[poultry]], [[raw milk]], or poorly stored [[Food|foods]] that require [[refrigeration]] (e.g. [[mayonnaise]])
-*Recent travel
+:*[[Enterohemorrhagic Escherichica coli|Enterohemorrhagic ''E. coli'']] O157:H7 is commonly associated with [[ingestion]] of ground [[beef]] (e.g. in hamburgers) or [[alfalfa]] sprouts
-:*Enterotoxicogenic ''E. coli'' is the most common cause of travel diarrhea
+*Recent drinking from untreated [[water]] (e.g. stream or well)
+*Recent travel to developing countries
+:*[[Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli|Enterotoxigenic ''E. coli'']] is the most common cause of [[traveler's diarrhea]]
+*Exposure to daycare
+*Exposure to [[Health care|healthcare]] settings (e.g. [[Nursing home|nursing homes]] or [[Hospital|hospitals]])
+*Exposure to contacts with similar [[Symptom|symptoms]]
+*Recent history of  receptive [[Anus|anal]] or [[Mouth|oral]]-[[Anus|anal]] contact
 ==Symptoms==
 ===Common Symptoms===
-Common symptoms of ''E. coli'' enteritis include:
+Common [[Symptom|symptoms]] of [[Escherichia coli enteritis|''E. coli'' enteritis]] include:
-*Sudden-onset, mild/severe diarrhea that may either be watery or bloody
+*Sudden-onset, mild/severe [[diarrhea]] that may either be watery or bloody
-:*Watery (non-inflammatory): ETEC, EPEC, EAEC, DAEC. Of note, EIEC may cause watery diarrhea, but it is classically associated with bloody diarrhea.
+:*[[Watery diarrhea|Watery]] (non-inflammatory): [[ETEC]], [[EPEC]], [[EAEC]], and [[DAEC]]. Of note, [[EIEC]] may cause [[Diarrhea|watery diarrhea]], but it is classically associated with [[Dysentery|bloody diarrhea]].
-:*Bloody (inflammatory): EHEC, EIEC. Of note, EPEC and EAEC may cause bloody diarrhea, but they are classically associated with watery diarrhea.
+:*[[Bloody diarrhea|Bloody]] ([[Inflammation|inflammatory]]): [[EHEC]], [[EIEC]]. Of note, [[EPEC]] and [[EAEC]] may cause [[Dysentery|bloody diarrhea]], but they are classically associated with [[Diarrhea|watery diarrhea]].
-*Fever
+*[[Bloating]]
-*Abdominal bloating
+*[[Abdominal pain|Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain]]
-*Anorexia
+*[[Anorexia]]
-*Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain
+*[[Nausea]]
-*Nausea
+*[[Vomiting]] (less common in ''[[Escherichia coli enteritis|E. coli enteritis]]'' than in [[viral gastroenteritis]])
-*Vomiting
+*[[Tenesmus]]
+*[[Thirst]]
+*[[Dizziness]]
+*[[Fever]] is characteristically absent in ''[[Escherichia coli enteritis|E. coli enteritis]]'' caused by [[EHEC]], but may sometimes be present in enteritis caused by other ''[[Escherichia coli|E. coli]]'' [[Strain (biology)|strains]]
 ===Less Common Symptoms===
-*Less common symptoms of ''E. coli'' enteritis are related to the development of complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Symptoms include:
+Less common [[Symptom|symptoms]] of [[Escherichia coli enteritis|''E. coli'' enteritis]] are related to the development of [[Complication (medicine)|complications]], such as [[Hemolytic-uremic syndrome|hemolytic uremic syndrome]]. [[Symptom|Symptoms]] include:
-*Spontaneous bruising
+*[[Bruising|Spontaneous bruising]]
-*Painless gross hematuria
+*[[Hematuria|Painless gross hematuria]]
-*Oliguria/anuria
+*[[Oliguria]]/[[anuria]]
 ==References==
 {{reflist|2}}
-[[Category:Infectious disease]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
+[[Category:Foodborne illnesses]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
+[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]