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{{Infobox_gene}}
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| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
'''[[S100 protein|S100]] calcium-binding protein A11''' ('''S100A11''') is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''S100A11'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8985590">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wicki R, Marenholz I, Mischke D, Schäfer BW, Heizmann CW | title = Characterization of the human S100A12 (calgranulin C, p6, CAAF1, CGRP) gene, a new member of the S100 gene cluster on chromosome 1q21 | journal = Cell Calcium | volume = 20 | issue = 6 | pages = 459–64 | date = December 1996 | pmid = 8985590 | doi = 10.1016/S0143-4160(96)90087-1 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: S100A11 S100 calcium binding protein A11| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6282| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = S100 calcium binding protein A11
| HGNCid = 10488
| Symbol = S100A11
| AltSymbols =; MLN70; S100C
| OMIM = 603114
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 55916
| MGIid = 3645720
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_S100A11_200660_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042803 |text = protein homodimerization activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0048154 |text = S100 beta binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0048306 |text = calcium-dependent protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001726 |text = ruffle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008156 |text = negative regulation of DNA replication}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008285 |text = negative regulation of cell proliferation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 6282
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000163191
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_005611
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_005620
    | Hs_GenLoc_db =
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 150271606
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 150276135
    | Hs_Uniprot = P31949
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 277089
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000066457
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_204772
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_204772
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 12
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 74879980
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 74880276
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''S100 calcium binding protein A11''', also known as '''S100A11''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: S100A11 S100 calcium binding protein A11| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6282| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{PBB_Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 [[EF hand|EF-hand]] calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the [[cytoplasm]] and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as [[cell cycle]] progression and differentiation.<ref name="pmid19649745">{{cite journal | vauthors = He H, Li J, Weng S, Li M, Yu Y | title = S100A11: diverse function and pathology corresponding to different target proteins | journal = [[Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics]] | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 117–26 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19649745 | doi = 10.1007/s12013-009-9061-8 }}</ref> S100A11 is localized in the cytoplasm of resting human keratinocytes in vitro.<ref name="pmid20872027">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sakaguchi M, Huh NH | title = S100A11, a dual growth regulator of epidermal keratinocytes | journal = Amino Acids | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | pages = 797–807 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 20872027 | doi = 10.1007/s00726-010-0747-4 }}</ref>
| section_title =  
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: S100A11 S100 calcium binding protein A11| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6282| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
S100A11, along with all 13 members of the S100 family, are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. The protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis.<ref name="entrez" />
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
Suppression of S100A11 by small interfering RNA caused cells to [[apoptosis]], and overexpression of S100A11 has been found to inhibit apoptosis in tumor cells.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kanamori T, Takakura K, Mandai M, Kariya M, Fukuhara K, Sakaguchi M, Huh NH, Saito K, Sakurai T, Fujita J, Fujii S | title = Increased expression of calcium-binding protein S100 in human uterine smooth muscle tumours | journal = Molecular Human Reproduction | volume = 10 | issue = 10 | pages = 735–42 | date = October 2004 | pmid = 15322223 | doi = 10.1093/molehr/gah100 }}</ref> Furthermore, the knock-down of S100A11 via [[Small interfering RNA|siRNA]] reduces the [[Sister chromatid exchange|sister-chromatid exchange]] and the viability of cells.
 
[[Interleukin 8|IL-8]] and [[TNF-alpha]] induce S100A11 expression and release in chondrocytes in culture and exogenous S100A11 causes chondrocyte hypertrophy.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cecil DL, Johnson K, Rediske J, Lotz M, Schmidt AM, Terkeltaub R | title = Inflammation-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy is driven by receptor for advanced glycation end products | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 175 | issue = 12 | pages = 8296–302 | date = December 2005 | pmid = 16339570 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.8296 }}</ref>
 
It has been shown that S100A11 enhances the recombination activity of human [[RAD51]] ''in vitro''. A knock-down leads to diffuse distribution of RAD54B.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal | vauthors = Murzik U, Hemmerich P, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Ulbricht T, Bussen W, Hentschel J, von Eggeling F, Melle C | title = Rad54B targeting to DNA double-strand break repair sites requires complex formation with S100A11 | journal = Molecular Biology of the Cell | volume = 19 | issue = 7 | pages = 2926–35 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18463164 | doi = 10.1091/mbc.e07-11-1167 | pmc=2441681}}</ref>  These finding suggest a potential role of S100A11 in the process of [[homologous recombination]] repair of [[double-strand breaks]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Foertsch F, Szambowska A, Weise A, Zielinski A, Schlott B, Kraft F, Mrasek K, Borgmann K, Pospiech H, Grosse F, Melle C | title = S100A11 plays a role in homologous recombination and genome maintenance by influencing the persistence of RAD51 in DNA repair foci | journal = Cell Cycle | volume = 15 | issue = 20 | pages = 2766–79 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27590262 | pmc = 5053559 | doi = 10.1080/15384101.2016.1220457 }}</ref>
 
== Interactions ==
S100A11 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[Nucleolin]],<ref name=pmid14623863>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, Sakaguchi Y, Makino E, Kataoka N, Yamada H, Namba M, Huh NH | title = S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 163 | issue = 4 | pages = 825–35 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14623863 | pmc = 2173690 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200304017 }}</ref> [[S100B]]<ref name="pmid10913138">{{cite journal | vauthors = Deloulme JC, Assard N, Mbele GO, Mangin C, Kuwano R, Baudier J | title = S100A6 and S100A11 are specific targets of the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein in vivo | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 275 | issue = 45 | pages = 35302–10 | date = November 2000 | pmid = 10913138 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M003943200 }}</ref> and [[RAD54B]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, Gesser B, Celis JE, Vandekerckhove J | title = Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes | journal = Electrophoresis | volume = 13 | issue = 12 | pages = 960–9 | date = December 1992 | pmid = 1286667 | doi = 10.1002/elps.11501301199 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tomasetto C, Régnier C, Moog-Lutz C, Mattei MG, Chenard MP, Lidereau R, Basset P, Rio MC | title = Identification of four novel human genes amplified and overexpressed in breast carcinoma and localized to the q11-q21.3 region of chromosome 17 | journal = Genomics | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 367–76 | date = August 1995 | pmid = 7490069 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.1163 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, ''et al.'' |title=Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes. |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=13 |issue= 12 |pages= 960-9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1286667 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Schäfer BW, Wicki R, Engelkamp D, Mattei MG, Heizmann CW | title = Isolation of a YAC clone covering a cluster of nine S100 genes on human chromosome 1q21: rationale for a new nomenclature of the S100 calcium-binding protein family | journal = Genomics | volume = 25 | issue = 3 | pages = 638–43 | date = February 1995 | pmid = 7759097 | doi = 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80005-7 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tomasetto C, Régnier C, Moog-Lutz C, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of four novel human genes amplified and overexpressed in breast carcinoma and localized to the q11-q21.3 region of chromosome 17. |journal=Genomics |volume=28 |issue= 3 |pages= 367-76 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7490069 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1995.1163 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Tanaka M, Adzuma K, Iwami M, Yoshimoto K, Monden Y, Itakura M | title = Human calgizzarin; one colorectal cancer-related gene selected by a large scale random cDNA sequencing and northern blot analysis | journal = Cancer Letters | volume = 89 | issue = 2 | pages = 195–200 | date = March 1995 | pmid = 7889529 | doi = 10.1016/0304-3835(94)03687-E }}
*{{cite journal | author=Schäfer BW, Wicki R, Engelkamp D, ''et al.'' |title=Isolation of a YAC clone covering a cluster of nine S100 genes on human chromosome 1q21: rationale for a new nomenclature of the S100 calcium-binding protein family. |journal=Genomics |volume=25 |issue= 3 |pages= 638-43 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7759097 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mailliard WS, Haigler HT, Schlaepfer DD | title = Calcium-dependent binding of S100C to the N-terminal domain of annexin I | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 2 | pages = 719–25 | date = January 1996 | pmid = 8557678 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.2.719 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tanaka M, Adzuma K, Iwami M, ''et al.'' |title=Human calgizzarin; one colorectal cancer-related gene selected by a large scale random cDNA sequencing and northern blot analysis. |journal=Cancer Lett. |volume=89 |issue= 2 |pages= 195-200 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7889529 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Seemann J, Weber K, Gerke V | title = Annexin I targets S100C to early endosomes | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 413 | issue = 1 | pages = 185–90 | date = August 1997 | pmid = 9287141 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00911-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mailliard WS, Haigler HT, Schlaepfer DD |title=Calcium-dependent binding of S100C to the N-terminal domain of annexin I. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 2 |pages= 719-25 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8557678 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Inada H, Naka M, Tanaka T, Davey GE, Heizmann CW | title = Human S100A11 exhibits differential steady-state RNA levels in various tissues and a distinct subcellular localization | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 263 | issue = 1 | pages = 135–8 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10486266 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1319 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wicki R, Marenholz I, Mischke D, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of the human S100A12 (calgranulin C, p6, CAAF1, CGRP) gene, a new member of the S100 gene cluster on chromosome 1q21. |journal=Cell Calcium |volume=20 |issue= 6 |pages= 459-64 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8985590 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Réty S, Osterloh D, Arié JP, Tabaries S, Seeman J, Russo-Marie F, Gerke V, Lewit-Bentley A | title = Structural basis of the Ca(2+)-dependent association between S100C (S100A11) and its target, the N-terminal part of annexin I | journal = Structure | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 175–84 | date = February 2000 | pmid = 10673436 | doi = 10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00093-9 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Seemann J, Weber K, Gerke V |title=Annexin I targets S100C to early endosomes. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=413 |issue= 1 |pages= 185-90 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9287141 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Inoue Y, Tsuji T, Kouchi H, Tanaka T, Yamada H, Namba M | title = Relationship between contact inhibition and intranuclear S100C of normal human fibroblasts | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 149 | issue = 6 | pages = 1193–206 | date = June 2000 | pmid = 10851017 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.149.6.1193 | pmc=2175115}}
*{{cite journal | author=Inada H, Naka M, Tanaka T, ''et al.'' |title=Human S100A11 exhibits differential steady-state RNA levels in various tissues and a distinct subcellular localization. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=263 |issue= 1 |pages= 135-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10486266 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1319 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Deloulme JC, Assard N, Mbele GO, Mangin C, Kuwano R, Baudier J | title = S100A6 and S100A11 are specific targets of the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein in vivo | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 275 | issue = 45 | pages = 35302–10 | date = November 2000 | pmid = 10913138 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M003943200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Réty S, Osterloh D, Arié JP, ''et al.'' |title=Structural basis of the Ca(2+)-dependent association between S100C (S100A11) and its target, the N-terminal part of annexin I. |journal=Structure |volume=8 |issue= 2 |pages= 175-84 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10673436 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ruse M, Lambert A, Robinson N, Ryan D, Shon KJ, Eckert RL | title = S100A7, S100A10, and S100A11 are transglutaminase substrates | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 40 | issue = 10 | pages = 3167–73 | date = March 2001 | pmid = 11258932 | doi = 10.1021/bi0019747 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Inoue Y, ''et al.'' |title=Relationship between contact inhibition and intranuclear S100C of normal human fibroblasts. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=149 |issue= 6 |pages= 1193-206 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10851017 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kondo A, Sakaguchi M, Makino E, Namba M, Okada S, Huh NH | title = Localization of S100C immunoreactivity in various human tissues | journal = Acta Medica Okayama | volume = 56 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–4 | date = February 2002 | pmid = 11873942 | url = http://www.lib.okayama-u.ac.jp/www/acta/pdf/56_1_31.pdf }}
*{{cite journal | author=Deloulme JC, Assard N, Mbele GO, ''et al.'' |title=S100A6 and S100A11 are specific targets of the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein in vivo. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 45 |pages= 35302-10 |year= 2001 |pmid= 10913138 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M003943200 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Bianchi R, Giambanco I, Arcuri C, Donato R | title = Subcellular localization of S100A11 (S100C) in LLC-PK1 renal cells: Calcium- and protein kinase c-dependent association of S100A11 with S100B and vimentin intermediate filaments | journal = Microscopy Research and Technique | volume = 60 | issue = 6 | pages = 639–51 | date = April 2003 | pmid = 12645011 | doi = 10.1002/jemt.10305 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ruse M, Lambert A, Robinson N, ''et al.'' |title=S100A7, S100A10, and S100A11 are transglutaminase substrates. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=40 |issue= 10 |pages= 3167-73 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11258932 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Broome AM, Ryan D, Eckert RL | title = S100 protein subcellular localization during epidermal differentiation and psoriasis | journal = The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry | volume = 51 | issue = 5 | pages = 675–85 | date = May 2003 | pmid = 12704215 | pmc = 3785113 | doi = 10.1177/002215540305100513 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kondo A, Sakaguchi M, Makino E, ''et al.'' |title=Localization of S100C immunoreactivity in various human tissues. |journal=Acta Med. Okayama |volume=56 |issue= 1 |pages= 31-4 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11873942 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, Sakaguchi Y, Makino E, Kataoka N, Yamada H, Namba M, Huh NH | title = S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 163 | issue = 4 | pages = 825–35 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14623863 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200304017 | pmc=2173690}}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Broome AM, Eckert RL | title = Microtubule-dependent redistribution of a cytoplasmic cornified envelope precursor | journal = The Journal of Investigative Dermatology | volume = 122 | issue = 1 | pages = 29–38 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14962086 | doi = 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2003.22105.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bianchi R, Giambanco I, Arcuri C, Donato R |title=Subcellular localization of S100A11 (S100C) in LLC-PK1 renal cells: Calcium- and protein kinase c-dependent association of S100A11 with S100B and vimentin intermediate filaments. |journal=Microsc. Res. Tech. |volume=60 |issue= 6 |pages= 639-51 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12645011 |doi= 10.1002/jemt.10305 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Sonegawa H, Kashiwagi M, Ohba M, Kuroki T, Namba M, Huh NH | title = PKCalpha mediates TGFbeta-induced growth inhibition of human keratinocytes via phosphorylation of S100C/A11 | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 164 | issue = 7 | pages = 979–84 | date = March 2004 | pmid = 15051732 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200312041 | pmc=2172059}}
*{{cite journal | author=Broome AM, Ryan D, Eckert RL |title=S100 protein subcellular localization during epidermal differentiation and psoriasis. |journal=J. Histochem. Cytochem. |volume=51 |issue= 5 |pages= 675-85 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12704215 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mori M, Shimada H, Gunji Y, Matsubara H, Hayashi H, Nimura Y, Kato M, Takiguchi M, Ochiai T, Seki N | title = S100A11 gene identified by in-house cDNA microarray as an accurate predictor of lymph node metastases of gastric cancer | journal = Oncology Reports | volume = 11 | issue = 6 | pages = 1287–93 | date = June 2004 | pmid = 15138568 | doi = 10.3892/or.11.6.1287 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, ''et al.'' |title=S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=163 |issue= 4 |pages= 825-35 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14623863 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200304017 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Broome AM, Eckert RL |title=Microtubule-dependent redistribution of a cytoplasmic cornified envelope precursor. |journal=J. Invest. Dermatol. |volume=122 |issue= 1 |pages= 29-38 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14962086 |doi= 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2003.22105.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Sonegawa H, ''et al.'' |title=PKCalpha mediates TGFbeta-induced growth inhibition of human keratinocytes via phosphorylation of S100C/A11. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=164 |issue= 7 |pages= 979-84 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15051732 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200312041 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mori M, Shimada H, Gunji Y, ''et al.'' |title=S100A11 gene identified by in-house cDNA microarray as an accurate predictor of lymph node metastases of gastric cancer. |journal=Oncol. Rep. |volume=11 |issue= 6 |pages= 1287-93 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15138568 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
[[Category:S100 proteins]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 05:07, 14 June 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

S100 calcium-binding protein A11 (S100A11) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the S100A11 gene.[1][2]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation.[3] S100A11 is localized in the cytoplasm of resting human keratinocytes in vitro.[4]

S100A11, along with all 13 members of the S100 family, are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. The protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis.[2]

Suppression of S100A11 by small interfering RNA caused cells to apoptosis, and overexpression of S100A11 has been found to inhibit apoptosis in tumor cells.[5] Furthermore, the knock-down of S100A11 via siRNA reduces the sister-chromatid exchange and the viability of cells.

IL-8 and TNF-alpha induce S100A11 expression and release in chondrocytes in culture and exogenous S100A11 causes chondrocyte hypertrophy.[6]

It has been shown that S100A11 enhances the recombination activity of human RAD51 in vitro. A knock-down leads to diffuse distribution of RAD54B.[7] These finding suggest a potential role of S100A11 in the process of homologous recombination repair of double-strand breaks.[8]

Interactions

S100A11 has been shown to interact with Nucleolin,[9] S100B[10] and RAD54B.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Wicki R, Marenholz I, Mischke D, Schäfer BW, Heizmann CW (December 1996). "Characterization of the human S100A12 (calgranulin C, p6, CAAF1, CGRP) gene, a new member of the S100 gene cluster on chromosome 1q21". Cell Calcium. 20 (6): 459–64. doi:10.1016/S0143-4160(96)90087-1. PMID 8985590.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: S100A11 S100 calcium binding protein A11".
  3. ↑ He H, Li J, Weng S, Li M, Yu Y (2009). "S100A11: diverse function and pathology corresponding to different target proteins". Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics. 55 (3): 117–26. doi:10.1007/s12013-009-9061-8. PMID 19649745.
  4. ↑ Sakaguchi M, Huh NH (October 2011). "S100A11, a dual growth regulator of epidermal keratinocytes". Amino Acids. 41 (4): 797–807. doi:10.1007/s00726-010-0747-4. PMID 20872027.
  5. ↑ Kanamori T, Takakura K, Mandai M, Kariya M, Fukuhara K, Sakaguchi M, Huh NH, Saito K, Sakurai T, Fujita J, Fujii S (October 2004). "Increased expression of calcium-binding protein S100 in human uterine smooth muscle tumours". Molecular Human Reproduction. 10 (10): 735–42. doi:10.1093/molehr/gah100. PMID 15322223.
  6. ↑ Cecil DL, Johnson K, Rediske J, Lotz M, Schmidt AM, Terkeltaub R (December 2005). "Inflammation-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy is driven by receptor for advanced glycation end products". Journal of Immunology. 175 (12): 8296–302. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.8296. PMID 16339570.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Murzik U, Hemmerich P, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Ulbricht T, Bussen W, Hentschel J, von Eggeling F, Melle C (July 2008). "Rad54B targeting to DNA double-strand break repair sites requires complex formation with S100A11". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 19 (7): 2926–35. doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-11-1167. PMC 2441681. PMID 18463164.
  8. ↑ Foertsch F, Szambowska A, Weise A, Zielinski A, Schlott B, Kraft F, Mrasek K, Borgmann K, Pospiech H, Grosse F, Melle C (October 2016). "S100A11 plays a role in homologous recombination and genome maintenance by influencing the persistence of RAD51 in DNA repair foci". Cell Cycle. 15 (20): 2766–79. doi:10.1080/15384101.2016.1220457. PMC 5053559. PMID 27590262.
  9. ↑ Sakaguchi M, Miyazaki M, Takaishi M, Sakaguchi Y, Makino E, Kataoka N, Yamada H, Namba M, Huh NH (November 2003). "S100C/A11 is a key mediator of Ca(2+)-induced growth inhibition of human epidermal keratinocytes". The Journal of Cell Biology. 163 (4): 825–35. doi:10.1083/jcb.200304017. PMC 2173690. PMID 14623863.
  10. ↑ Deloulme JC, Assard N, Mbele GO, Mangin C, Kuwano R, Baudier J (November 2000). "S100A6 and S100A11 are specific targets of the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein in vivo". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (45): 35302–10. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003943200. PMID 10913138.

Further reading

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