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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''[[Alpha-amylase]] 1''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''AMY1A'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=276| accessdate = }}</ref> This gene is found in many organisms.
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{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_AMY1A_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1b2y.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1b2y}}, {{PDB2|1bsi}}, {{PDB2|1c8q}}, {{PDB2|1cpu}}, {{PDB2|1hny}}, {{PDB2|1jxj}}, {{PDB2|1jxk}}, {{PDB2|1kb3}}, {{PDB2|1kbb}}, {{PDB2|1kbk}}, {{PDB2|1kgu}}, {{PDB2|1kgw}}, {{PDB2|1kgx}}, {{PDB2|1mfu}}, {{PDB2|1mfv}}, {{PDB2|1nm9}}, {{PDB2|1q4n}}, {{PDB2|1smd}}, {{PDB2|1u2y}}, {{PDB2|1u30}}, {{PDB2|1u33}}, {{PDB2|1xcw}}, {{PDB2|1xcx}}, {{PDB2|1xd0}}, {{PDB2|1xd1}}, {{PDB2|1xgz}}, {{PDB2|1xh0}}, {{PDB2|1xh1}}, {{PDB2|1xh2}}, {{PDB2|1xv8}}, {{PDB2|1z32}}, {{PDB2|2cpu}}, {{PDB2|3cpu}}
| Name = Amylase, alpha 1A; salivary
| HGNCid = 474
| Symbol = AMY1A
| AltSymbols =; AMY1; AMY1B
| OMIM = 104700
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 86951
| MGIid = 88020
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003824 |text = catalytic activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004556 |text = alpha-amylase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016798 |text = hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0031404 |text = chloride ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043169 |text = cation binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005975 |text = carbohydrate metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007586 |text = digestion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008152 |text = metabolic process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 276
    | Hs_Ensembl = 
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = XP_001127960
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = XM_001127960
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 
    | Hs_Uniprot = 
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 11723
    | Mm_Ensembl = 
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009669
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033799
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 
    | Mm_Uniprot = 
  }}
}}
'''Amylase, alpha 1A; salivary''', also known as '''AMY1A''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=276| accessdate = }}</ref> This gene is found in many organisms, see [[Alpha-Amylase]].


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{{PBB_Summary
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| section_title =  
| summary_text = Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=276| accessdate = }}</ref>
| summary_text = Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=276| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
* {{UCSC gene info|AMY1A}}
 
==See also==
* [[AMY2A]]
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Bank RA, Hettema EH, Arwert F, ''et al.'' |title=Electrophoretic characterization of posttranslational modifications of human parotid salivary alpha-amylase. |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=12 |issue= 1 |pages= 74-9 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1710976 |doi= 10.1002/elps.1150120114 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Bank RA, Hettema EH, Arwert F |title=Electrophoretic characterization of posttranslational modifications of human parotid salivary alpha-amylase. |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=12 |issue= 1 |pages= 74–9 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1710976 |doi= 10.1002/elps.1150120114 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV, ''et al.'' |title=Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers. |journal=Genomics |volume=8 |issue= 1 |pages= 97-105 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2081604 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Groot PC, Mager WH, Henriquez NV |title=Evolution of the human alpha-amylase multigene family through unequal, homologous, and inter- and intrachromosomal crossovers. |journal=Genomics |volume=8 |issue= 1 |pages= 97–105 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2081604 |doi=10.1016/0888-7543(90)90230-R |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M, ''et al.'' |title=Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene. |journal=Gene |volume=41 |issue= 2-3 |pages= 299-304 |year= 1986 |pmid= 2423416 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Nishide T, Nakamura Y, Emi M |title=Primary structure of human salivary alpha-amylase gene. |journal=Gene |volume=41 |issue= 2–3 |pages= 299–304 |year= 1986 |pmid= 2423416 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(86)90110-1 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Davis MM, Hodes ME, Munsick RA, ''et al.'' |title=Pancreatic amylase expression in human pancreatic development. |journal=Hybridoma |volume=5 |issue= 2 |pages= 137-45 |year= 1986 |pmid= 2424823 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Davis MM, Hodes ME, Munsick RA |title=Pancreatic amylase expression in human pancreatic development |journal=Hybridoma |volume=5 |issue= 2 |pages= 137–45 |year= 1986 |pmid= 2424823 |doi=10.1089/hyb.1986.5.137 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Handy DE, Larsen SH, Karn RC, Hodes ME |title=Identification of a human salivary amylase gene. Partial sequence of genomic DNA suggests a mode of regulation different from that of mouse, Amy1. |journal=Mol. Biol. Med. |volume=4 |issue= 3 |pages= 145-55 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2442579 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Handy DE, Larsen SH, Karn RC, Hodes ME |title=Identification of a human salivary amylase gene. Partial sequence of genomic DNA suggests a mode of regulation different from that of mouse, Amy1 |journal=Mol. Biol. Med. |volume=4 |issue= 3 |pages= 145–55 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2442579 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N, ''et al.'' |title=Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene. |journal=Gene |volume=60 |issue= 1 |pages= 57-64 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2450054 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Horii A, Emi M, Tomita N |title=Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene |journal=Gene |volume=60 |issue= 1 |pages= 57–64 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2450054 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(87)90213-7 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM, ''et al.'' |title=Concerted evolution of human amylase genes. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=8 |issue= 3 |pages= 1197-205 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2452973 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Gumucio DL, Wiebauer K, Caldwell RM |title=Concerted evolution of human amylase genes |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=8 |issue= 3 |pages= 1197–205 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2452973 |doi=  | pmc=363264  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH |title=Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=16 |issue= 17 |pages= 8261-76 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2458567 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Samuelson LC, Wiebauer K, Gumucio DL, Meisler MH |title=Expression of the human amylase genes: recent origin of a salivary amylase promoter from an actin pseudogene |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=16 |issue= 17 |pages= 8261–76 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2458567 |doi=10.1093/nar/16.17.8261  | pmc=338557 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC, ''et al.'' |title=The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes. |journal=Genomics |volume=5 |issue= 1 |pages= 29-42 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2788608 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC |title=The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes |journal=Genomics |volume=5 |issue= 1 |pages= 29–42 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2788608 |doi=10.1016/0888-7543(89)90083-9 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Pronk JC, Frants RR, Jansen W, ''et al.'' |title=Evidence of duplication of the human salivary amylase gene. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=60 |issue= 1 |pages= 32-5 |year= 1982 |pmid= 6176528 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Pronk JC, Frants RR, Jansen W |title=Evidence of duplication of the human salivary amylase gene |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=60 |issue= 1 |pages= 32–5 |year= 1982 |pmid= 6176528 |doi=10.1007/BF00281260 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zabel BU, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, ''et al.'' |title=High-resolution chromosomal localization of human genes for amylase, proopiomelanocortin, somatostatin, and a DNA fragment (D3S1) by in situ hybridization. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=80 |issue= 22 |pages= 6932-6 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6196780 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Zabel BU, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY |title=High-resolution chromosomal localization of human genes for amylase, proopiomelanocortin, somatostatin, and a DNA fragment (D3S1) by in situ hybridization |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=80 |issue= 22 |pages= 6932–6 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6196780 |doi=10.1073/pnas.80.22.6932  | pmc=390100  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Tricoli JV, Shows TB |title=Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1. |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 2 |pages= 205-10 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6608795 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Tricoli JV, Shows TB |title=Regional assignment of human amylase (AMY) to p22----p21 of chromosome 1 |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 2 |pages= 205–10 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6608795 |doi=10.1007/BF01534909 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Nishide T, Emi M, Nakamura Y, Matsubara K |title=Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases [corrected] |journal=Gene |volume=28 |issue= 2 |pages= 263-70 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6610603 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Nishide T, Emi M, Nakamura Y, Matsubara K |title=Corrected sequences of cDNAs for human salivary and pancreatic alpha-amylases [corrected] |journal=Gene |volume=28 |issue= 2 |pages= 263–70 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6610603 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(84)90265-8  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Seyama K, Nukiwa T, Takahashi K, ''et al.'' |title=Amylase mRNA transcripts in normal tissues and neoplasms: the implication of different expressions of amylase isogenes. |journal=J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. |volume=120 |issue= 4 |pages= 213-20 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7507116 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Seyama K, Nukiwa T, Takahashi K |title=Amylase mRNA transcripts in normal tissues and neoplasms: the implication of different expressions of amylase isogenes |journal=J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. |volume=120 |issue= 4 |pages= 213–20 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7507116 |doi=10.1007/BF01372559 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ragunath C, Sundar K, Ramasubbu N |title=Expression, characterization, and biochemical properties of recombinant human salivary amylase. |journal=Protein Expr. Purif. |volume=24 |issue= 2 |pages= 202-11 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11858714 |doi= 10.1006/prep.2001.1559 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Ragunath C, Sundar K, Ramasubbu N |title=Expression, characterization, and biochemical properties of recombinant human salivary amylase |journal=Protein Expr. Purif. |volume=24 |issue= 2 |pages= 202–11 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11858714 |doi= 10.1006/prep.2001.1559 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hokari S, Miura K, Koyama I, ''et al.'' |title=A restriction endonuclease assay for expression of human alpha-amylase isozymes. |journal=Clin. Chim. Acta |volume=322 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 113-6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12104089 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hokari S, Miura K, Koyama I |title=A restriction endonuclease assay for expression of human alpha-amylase isozymes |journal=Clin. Chim. Acta |volume=322 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 113–6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12104089 |doi=10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00161-4 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H |title=AMY-1 interacts with S-AKAP84 and AKAP95 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively, and inhibits cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by preventing binding of its catalytic subunit to A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 52 |pages= 50885-92 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12414807 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M206387200 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Furusawa M, Taira T, Iguchi-Ariga SM, Ariga H |title=AMY-1 interacts with S-AKAP84 and AKAP95 in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, respectively, and inhibits cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by preventing binding of its catalytic subunit to A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 52 |pages= 50885–92 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12414807 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M206387200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ |title=Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase. |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=325 |issue= 5 |pages= 1061-76 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12527308 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Ramasubbu N, Ragunath C, Mishra PJ |title=Probing the role of a mobile loop in substrate binding and enzyme activity of human salivary amylase |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=325 |issue= 5 |pages= 1061–76 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12527308 |doi=10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01326-8 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kandra L, Gyémánt G, Remenyik J, ''et al.'' |title=Subsite mapping of human salivary alpha-amylase and the mutant Y151M. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=544 |issue= 1-3 |pages= 194-8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12782315 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Kandra L, Gyémánt G, Remenyik J |title=Subsite mapping of human salivary alpha-amylase and the mutant Y151M |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=544 |issue= 1–3 |pages= 194–8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12782315 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00495-2 |display-authors=etal}}
}}
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{{PDB Gallery|geneid=276}}
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Latest revision as of 19:25, 13 August 2018

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Alpha-amylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY1A gene.[1] This gene is found in many organisms.

Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary".

External links

See also

Further reading



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