Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
 
(18 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:


==Ovierview==
==Ovierview==
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include [[eosinophilia]], [[lymphocytosis]], red cell production reduced, [[thrombocytopenia]]. Chemistry panels with altered levels of [[uric acid]], [[creatinine]], [[blood urea nitrogen]], [[potassium]], [[phosphate]], [[calcium]], [[bilirubin]], [[hepatic transaminases]] and [[ferritin]]. A [[lumbar puncture|spinal tap]] will tell if the spinal column and [[central nervous system|brain]] has been invaded.
Laboratory findings consistent with the [[diagnosis]] of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include [[eosinophilia]], [[lymphocytosis]], red cell production reduced, [[thrombocytopenia]]. Chemistry panels with altered levels of [[uric acid]], [[creatinine]], [[blood urea nitrogen]], [[potassium]], [[phosphate]], [[calcium]], [[bilirubin]], [[hepatic transaminases]] and [[ferritin]].


==Laboratory Findings==
==Laboratory Findings==
* [[Full blood count|Complete blood count]] is typically remarkable for the following abnormalities:
Laboratory findings consistent with the [[diagnosis]] of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include:<ref name="pmid25408859">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiaretti S, Zini G, Bassan R |title=Diagnosis and subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia |journal=Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=e2014073 |date=2014 |pmid=25408859 |pmc=4235437 |doi=10.4084/MJHID.2014.073 |url=}}</ref>
** [[Anemia]]
* [[Anemia]]<ref name="pmid22543829">{{cite journal| author=Steele M, Narendran A| title=Mechanisms of defective erythropoiesis and anemia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). | journal=Ann Hematol | year= 2012 | volume= 91 | issue= 10 | pages= 1513-8 | pmid=22543829 | doi=10.1007/s00277-012-1475-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22543829  }} </ref>
** [[Eosinophilia]]
* [[Lymphocytosis]]
** [[Lymphocytosis]]
* [[Thrombocytopenia]]<ref name="pmid2587136">{{cite journal| author=Dubansky AS, Boyett JM, Falletta J, Mahoney DH, Land VJ, Pullen J et al.| title=Isolated thrombocytopenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare event in a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 1989 | volume= 84 | issue= 6 | pages= 1068-71 | pmid=2587136 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2587136  }} </ref>
** [[Thrombocytopenia]]
* [[Eosinophilia]]<ref name="pmid23869247">{{cite journal| author=Rezamand A, Ghorashi Z, Ghorashi S, Nezami N| title=Eosinophilic presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Am J Case Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 14 | issue=  | pages= 143-6 | pmid=23869247 | doi=10.12659/AJCR.883905 | pmc=3715333 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23869247  }} </ref>
* A chemistry panel may also demonstrate altered concentrations of the following:<ref name=ALL>{{cite web | title = National Cancer Institute| url =http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/adult-all-treatment-pdq#link/_26_toc }}</ref>
* A chemistry panel may also demonstrate altered concentrations of the following:<ref name="ALL">{{cite web | title = National Cancer Institute| url =http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/adult-all-treatment-pdq#link/_26_toc }}</ref>
**[[Uric acid]]
**[[Uric acid]]
**[[Creatinine]]
**[[Creatinine]]<ref name="pmid23960347">{{cite journal| author=Bhatia NG, Sneha LM, Selvan SM, Scott JJ| title=Acute renal failure as an initial manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Indian J Nephrol | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 292-3 | pmid=23960347 | doi=10.4103/0971-4065.114472 | pmc=3741975 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23960347  }} </ref>
**[[Blood urea nitrogen]]
**[[Blood urea nitrogen]]<ref name="pmid25561892">{{cite journal| author=Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M et al.| title=Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. | journal=Saudi J Biol Sci | year= 2015 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 106-11 | pmid=25561892 | doi=10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002 | pmc=4281600 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25561892  }} </ref>
**[[Potassium]]
**[[Potassium]]<ref name="pmid20838546">{{cite journal| author=Ali A, Aziz SA, Khan A, Gelani S| title=Persistent hypokalemia in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient. | journal=Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol | year= 2009 | volume= 30 | issue= 3 | pages= 103-4 | pmid=20838546 | doi=10.4103/0971-5851.64255 | pmc=2930287 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20838546  }} </ref>
**[[Phosphate]]
**[[Phosphate]]<ref name="pmid25561892">{{cite journal| author=Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M et al.| title=Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. | journal=Saudi J Biol Sci | year= 2015 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 106-11 | pmid=25561892 | doi=10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002 | pmc=4281600 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25561892  }} </ref>
**[[Calcium]]
**[[Calcium]]<ref name="pmid25561892">{{cite journal| author=Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M et al.| title=Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. | journal=Saudi J Biol Sci | year= 2015 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 106-11 | pmid=25561892 | doi=10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002 | pmc=4281600 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25561892  }} </ref>
**[[Bilirubin]]
**[[Bilirubin]]
**[[Hepatic transaminases]]
**[[Hepatic transaminases]]<ref name="pmid25561892">{{cite journal| author=Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M et al.| title=Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. | journal=Saudi J Biol Sci | year= 2015 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 106-11 | pmid=25561892 | doi=10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002 | pmc=4281600 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25561892  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27722178">{{cite journal| author=Heincelman M, Karakala N, Rockey DC| title=Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Young Adult Presenting as Hepatitis and Acute Kidney Injury. | journal=J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep | year= 2016 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages= 2324709616665866 | pmid=27722178 | doi=10.1177/2324709616665866 | pmc=5036134 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27722178  }} </ref>
**[[Ferritin]]  
**[[Ferritin]]  
* A [[lumbar puncture|spinal tap]] is often required to evaluate for central nervous system involvement.
* A [[lumbar puncture|spinal tap]] is often required to evaluate for [[central nervous system]] involvement.<ref name="pmid11071631">{{cite journal| author=Gajjar A, Harrison PL, Sandlund JT, Rivera GK, Ribeiro RC, Rubnitz JE et al.| title=Traumatic lumbar puncture at diagnosis adversely affects outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Blood | year= 2000 | volume= 96 | issue= 10 | pages= 3381-4 | pmid=11071631 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11071631  }} </ref>


{|-valign="top"
[[File:ALL - Peripherial Blood - Diagnosis - 01.jpg|400px|thumb|left|Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia#/media/File:ALL-L1.jpg]]]
| [[Image:ALL - Peripherial Blood - Diagnosis - 01.jpg|thumb|Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), peripheral blood of a child, Pappenheim stain, magnification x100]]
[[File:ALL-KM-3.jpg|400px|thumb|left|Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALL-KM-2.jpg]]]
| [[Image:ALL-KM-2.jpg|thumb|Bone marrow smear (large magnification) from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
[[File:ALL-KM-2.jpg|400px|thumb|left|Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALL-KM-3.jpg]]]
| [[Image:ALL-KM-3.jpg|thumb|Bone marrow smear from a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
<br style="clear:left" />
|}


==References==
==References==
Line 38: Line 37:
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Immunology]]

Latest revision as of 17:14, 9 April 2019

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Differentiating Acute lymphoblastic leukemia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Bone X Ray

Echocardiograph and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings

CDC on Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings in the news

Blogs on Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings

Directions to Hospitals Treating Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [4] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [5] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [6]

Ovierview

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, red cell production reduced, thrombocytopenia. Chemistry panels with altered levels of uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, potassium, phosphate, calcium, bilirubin, hepatic transaminases and ferritin.

Laboratory Findings

Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include:[1]

Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [1]
Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [2]
Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [3]


References

  1. ↑ Chiaretti S, Zini G, Bassan R (2014). "Diagnosis and subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 6 (1): e2014073. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2014.073. PMC 4235437. PMID 25408859.
  2. ↑ Steele M, Narendran A (2012). "Mechanisms of defective erythropoiesis and anemia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)". Ann Hematol. 91 (10): 1513–8. doi:10.1007/s00277-012-1475-5. PMID 22543829.
  3. ↑ Dubansky AS, Boyett JM, Falletta J, Mahoney DH, Land VJ, Pullen J; et al. (1989). "Isolated thrombocytopenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare event in a Pediatric Oncology Group Study". Pediatrics. 84 (6): 1068–71. PMID 2587136.
  4. ↑ Rezamand A, Ghorashi Z, Ghorashi S, Nezami N (2013). "Eosinophilic presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Am J Case Rep. 14: 143–6. doi:10.12659/AJCR.883905. PMC 3715333. PMID 23869247.
  5. ↑ "National Cancer Institute".
  6. ↑ Bhatia NG, Sneha LM, Selvan SM, Scott JJ (2013). "Acute renal failure as an initial manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Indian J Nephrol. 23 (4): 292–3. doi:10.4103/0971-4065.114472. PMC 3741975. PMID 23960347.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M; et al. (2015). "Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients". Saudi J Biol Sci. 22 (1): 106–11. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002. PMC 4281600. PMID 25561892.
  8. ↑ Ali A, Aziz SA, Khan A, Gelani S (2009). "Persistent hypokalemia in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 30 (3): 103–4. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.64255. PMC 2930287. PMID 20838546.
  9. ↑ Heincelman M, Karakala N, Rockey DC (2016). "Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Young Adult Presenting as Hepatitis and Acute Kidney Injury". J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 4 (3): 2324709616665866. doi:10.1177/2324709616665866. PMC 5036134. PMID 27722178.
  10. ↑ Gajjar A, Harrison PL, Sandlund JT, Rivera GK, Ribeiro RC, Rubnitz JE; et al. (2000). "Traumatic lumbar puncture at diagnosis adversely affects outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Blood. 96 (10): 3381–4. PMID 11071631.

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia_laboratory_findings&oldid=1562210"