Acute lymphoblastic leukemia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Ovierview== | ==Ovierview== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include [[eosinophilia]], [[lymphocytosis]], red cell production reduced, [[thrombocytopenia]]. Chemistry panels with altered levels of [[uric acid]], [[creatinine]], [[blood urea nitrogen]], [[potassium]], [[phosphate]], [[calcium]], [[bilirubin]], [[hepatic transaminases]] and [[ferritin]]. | Laboratory findings consistent with the [[diagnosis]] of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include [[eosinophilia]], [[lymphocytosis]], red cell production reduced, [[thrombocytopenia]]. Chemistry panels with altered levels of [[uric acid]], [[creatinine]], [[blood urea nitrogen]], [[potassium]], [[phosphate]], [[calcium]], [[bilirubin]], [[hepatic transaminases]] and [[ferritin]]. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include:<ref name="pmid25408859">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiaretti S, Zini G, Bassan R |title=Diagnosis and subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia |journal=Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=e2014073 |date=2014 |pmid=25408859 |pmc=4235437 |doi=10.4084/MJHID.2014.073 |url=}}</ref> | Laboratory findings consistent with the [[diagnosis]] of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include:<ref name="pmid25408859">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiaretti S, Zini G, Bassan R |title=Diagnosis and subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia |journal=Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=e2014073 |date=2014 |pmid=25408859 |pmc=4235437 |doi=10.4084/MJHID.2014.073 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Anemia]]<ref name="pmid22543829">{{cite journal| author=Steele M, Narendran A| title=Mechanisms of defective erythropoiesis and anemia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). | journal=Ann Hematol | year= 2012 | volume= 91 | issue= 10 | pages= 1513-8 | pmid=22543829 | doi=10.1007/s00277-012-1475-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22543829 }} </ref> | * [[Anemia]]<ref name="pmid22543829">{{cite journal| author=Steele M, Narendran A| title=Mechanisms of defective erythropoiesis and anemia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). | journal=Ann Hematol | year= 2012 | volume= 91 | issue= 10 | pages= 1513-8 | pmid=22543829 | doi=10.1007/s00277-012-1475-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22543829 }} </ref> | ||
* [[Lymphocytosis]] | * [[Lymphocytosis]] | ||
* [[Thrombocytopenia]]<ref name="pmid2587136">{{cite journal| author=Dubansky AS, Boyett JM, Falletta J, Mahoney DH, Land VJ, Pullen J et al.| title=Isolated thrombocytopenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare event in a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 1989 | volume= 84 | issue= 6 | pages= 1068-71 | pmid=2587136 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2587136 }} </ref> | * [[Thrombocytopenia]]<ref name="pmid2587136">{{cite journal| author=Dubansky AS, Boyett JM, Falletta J, Mahoney DH, Land VJ, Pullen J et al.| title=Isolated thrombocytopenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare event in a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 1989 | volume= 84 | issue= 6 | pages= 1068-71 | pmid=2587136 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2587136 }} </ref> | ||
* [[Eosinophilia]]<ref name="pmid23869247">{{cite journal| author=Rezamand A, Ghorashi Z, Ghorashi S, Nezami N| title=Eosinophilic presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Am J Case Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 14 | issue= | pages= 143-6 | pmid=23869247 | doi=10.12659/AJCR.883905 | pmc=3715333 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23869247 }} </ref> | * [[Eosinophilia]]<ref name="pmid23869247">{{cite journal| author=Rezamand A, Ghorashi Z, Ghorashi S, Nezami N| title=Eosinophilic presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Am J Case Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 14 | issue= | pages= 143-6 | pmid=23869247 | doi=10.12659/AJCR.883905 | pmc=3715333 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23869247 }} </ref> | ||
* A chemistry panel may also demonstrate altered concentrations of the following:<ref name=ALL>{{cite web | title = National Cancer Institute| url =http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/adult-all-treatment-pdq#link/_26_toc }}</ref> | * A chemistry panel may also demonstrate altered concentrations of the following:<ref name="ALL">{{cite web | title = National Cancer Institute| url =http://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/hp/adult-all-treatment-pdq#link/_26_toc }}</ref> | ||
**[[Uric acid]] | **[[Uric acid]] | ||
**[[Creatinine]]<ref name="pmid23960347">{{cite journal| author=Bhatia NG, Sneha LM, Selvan SM, Scott JJ| title=Acute renal failure as an initial manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Indian J Nephrol | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 292-3 | pmid=23960347 | doi=10.4103/0971-4065.114472 | pmc=3741975 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23960347 }} </ref> | **[[Creatinine]]<ref name="pmid23960347">{{cite journal| author=Bhatia NG, Sneha LM, Selvan SM, Scott JJ| title=Acute renal failure as an initial manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Indian J Nephrol | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 4 | pages= 292-3 | pmid=23960347 | doi=10.4103/0971-4065.114472 | pmc=3741975 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23960347 }} </ref> | ||
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**[[Hepatic transaminases]]<ref name="pmid25561892">{{cite journal| author=Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M et al.| title=Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. | journal=Saudi J Biol Sci | year= 2015 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 106-11 | pmid=25561892 | doi=10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002 | pmc=4281600 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25561892 }} </ref><ref name="pmid27722178">{{cite journal| author=Heincelman M, Karakala N, Rockey DC| title=Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Young Adult Presenting as Hepatitis and Acute Kidney Injury. | journal=J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep | year= 2016 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages= 2324709616665866 | pmid=27722178 | doi=10.1177/2324709616665866 | pmc=5036134 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27722178 }} </ref> | **[[Hepatic transaminases]]<ref name="pmid25561892">{{cite journal| author=Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M et al.| title=Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. | journal=Saudi J Biol Sci | year= 2015 | volume= 22 | issue= 1 | pages= 106-11 | pmid=25561892 | doi=10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002 | pmc=4281600 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25561892 }} </ref><ref name="pmid27722178">{{cite journal| author=Heincelman M, Karakala N, Rockey DC| title=Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Young Adult Presenting as Hepatitis and Acute Kidney Injury. | journal=J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep | year= 2016 | volume= 4 | issue= 3 | pages= 2324709616665866 | pmid=27722178 | doi=10.1177/2324709616665866 | pmc=5036134 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27722178 }} </ref> | ||
**[[Ferritin]] | **[[Ferritin]] | ||
* A [[lumbar puncture|spinal tap]] is often required to evaluate for central nervous system involvement. | * A [[lumbar puncture|spinal tap]] is often required to evaluate for [[central nervous system]] involvement.<ref name="pmid11071631">{{cite journal| author=Gajjar A, Harrison PL, Sandlund JT, Rivera GK, Ribeiro RC, Rubnitz JE et al.| title=Traumatic lumbar puncture at diagnosis adversely affects outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | journal=Blood | year= 2000 | volume= 96 | issue= 10 | pages= 3381-4 | pmid=11071631 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11071631 }} </ref> | ||
[[File:ALL - Peripherial Blood - Diagnosis - 01.jpg|400px|thumb|left|Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia#/media/File:ALL-L1.jpg]]] | [[File:ALL - Peripherial Blood - Diagnosis - 01.jpg|400px|thumb|left|Peripheral blood smear showing acute lymphoblastic leukemia [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia#/media/File:ALL-L1.jpg]]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:14, 9 April 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [4] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [5] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [6]
Ovierview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, red cell production reduced, thrombocytopenia. Chemistry panels with altered levels of uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, potassium, phosphate, calcium, bilirubin, hepatic transaminases and ferritin.
Laboratory Findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include:[1]
- Anemia[2]
- Lymphocytosis
- Thrombocytopenia[3]
- Eosinophilia[4]
- A chemistry panel may also demonstrate altered concentrations of the following:[5]
- A spinal tap is often required to evaluate for central nervous system involvement.[10]
![[1]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia#/media/File:ALL-L1.jpg){kind=link}
![[2]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALL-KM-2.jpg){kind=link}
![[3]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ALL-KM-3.jpg){kind=link}
References
- ↑ Chiaretti S, Zini G, Bassan R (2014). "Diagnosis and subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 6 (1): e2014073. doi:10.4084/MJHID.2014.073. PMC 4235437. PMID 25408859.
- ↑ Steele M, Narendran A (2012). "Mechanisms of defective erythropoiesis and anemia in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)". Ann Hematol. 91 (10): 1513–8. doi:10.1007/s00277-012-1475-5. PMID 22543829.
- ↑ Dubansky AS, Boyett JM, Falletta J, Mahoney DH, Land VJ, Pullen J; et al. (1989). "Isolated thrombocytopenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare event in a Pediatric Oncology Group Study". Pediatrics. 84 (6): 1068–71. PMID 2587136.
- ↑ Rezamand A, Ghorashi Z, Ghorashi S, Nezami N (2013). "Eosinophilic presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Am J Case Rep. 14: 143–6. doi:10.12659/AJCR.883905. PMC 3715333. PMID 23869247.
- ↑ "National Cancer Institute".
- ↑ Bhatia NG, Sneha LM, Selvan SM, Scott JJ (2013). "Acute renal failure as an initial manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Indian J Nephrol. 23 (4): 292–3. doi:10.4103/0971-4065.114472. PMC 3741975. PMID 23960347.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Rasool M, Farooq S, Malik A, Shaukat A, Manan A, Asif M; et al. (2015). "Assessment of circulating biochemical markers and antioxidative status in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients". Saudi J Biol Sci. 22 (1): 106–11. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.002. PMC 4281600. PMID 25561892.
- ↑ Ali A, Aziz SA, Khan A, Gelani S (2009). "Persistent hypokalemia in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient". Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 30 (3): 103–4. doi:10.4103/0971-5851.64255. PMC 2930287. PMID 20838546.
- ↑ Heincelman M, Karakala N, Rockey DC (2016). "Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Young Adult Presenting as Hepatitis and Acute Kidney Injury". J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 4 (3): 2324709616665866. doi:10.1177/2324709616665866. PMC 5036134. PMID 27722178.
- ↑ Gajjar A, Harrison PL, Sandlund JT, Rivera GK, Ribeiro RC, Rubnitz JE; et al. (2000). "Traumatic lumbar puncture at diagnosis adversely affects outcome in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia". Blood. 96 (10): 3381–4. PMID 11071631.