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==Overview==
==Overview==
Symptoms of carcinoid tumor include [[flushing]], [[diarrhea]], [[wheezing]], [[abdominal cramps]], [[wheezing]], and [[cough]].
Symptoms of [[carcinoid tumor]] include [[flushing]], [[diarrhea]], [[abdominal cramps]], [[wheezing]], and [[cough]].
 
==History==
==History==
When evaluating a patient for carcinoid syndrome, you should take a detailed history of the presenting symptom (duration, onset, progression), other associated symptoms, and a thorough past medical history review. Other specific areas of focus when obtaining the history are:
When evaluating a patient for [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome]], you should take a detailed history of the presenting symptom (onset, duration, and progression), other associated [[symptoms]], and a thorough [[past medical history]] review. Other specific areas of focus when obtaining the history are:
*Review of any family history of predisposing genetic disorders such as [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]] or [[neurofibromatosis type 1]]
*Review of any family history of predisposing genetic disorders such as [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]] or [[neurofibromatosis type 1]].


==Symptoms==
==Symptoms==
===Carcinoid Syndrome===
===Carcinoid Syndrome===
Common symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include:
Common symptoms of [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome]] include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
* [[Flushing (physiology)|Flushing]]  
* [[Flushing (physiology)|Flushing]]  
* [[Diarrhea]]  
* [[Diarrhea]]  
* [[Wheezing]]
* [[Wheezing]]
* [[Abdominal cramps|Abdominal cramping]]   
* [[Abdominal cramps|Abdominal cramping]]   
* Swelling of leg
* [[Leg edema]]
*[[Shortness of breath]]
*[[Palpitations]]
*[[Weight gain]]
*[[Hirsutism]]
*[[Weakness]]
This constellation of [[symptoms]] is called [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome]] or (if [[acute]]) [[carcinoid crisis]]. Occasionally, [[hemorrhage]] or pressure effects of the [[tumor]] are the presenting [[symptoms]].
 
===Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor===
Common symptoms of [[gastrointestinal]] [[carcinoid tumor]] include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
*[[Abdominal pain]]
*[[Diarrhea]]
*[[Facial flushing]]
*[[Rash]]
*[[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
*[[Pellagra]], which causes scale-like [[skin]] [[sores]], [[diarrhea]], and [[mental]] disturbances
*[[Melena]]
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Vomiting]]
*[[Jaundice]]
 
===Duodenal Carcinoid Tumor===
Common symptoms of duodenal [[Carcinoid tumors|carcinoid tumor]] due to [[gastrin]] overproduction include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
*[[Nausea]]
*[[Vomiting]]
*[[Abdominal pain]]
*[[Hemorrhage]] from multiple and recurrent [[peptic ulcers]]
*[[Gastroesophageal reflux]]
*[[Diarrhea]] from [[hypergastrinemia]]
 
===Jejunal and Ileal Carcinoid Tumor===
Common symptoms of [[Jejunum|jejunal]] and [[Ileum|ileal]] [[Carcinoid tumors|carcinoid tumor]] include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
*[[Small intestinal]] [[obstruction]]


This constellation of symptoms is called ''carcinoid syndrome'' or (if acute) ''carcinoid crisis''. Occasionally, [[hemorrhage]] or pressure effects of the tumor are the presenting symptoms.
*[[Hemorrhage]]
 
*Intermitten[[Crampy|t crampy]] [[abdominal pain]]
 
*[[Weight loss]]
 
*[[Fatigue]]
 
*[[Abdominal distention]]
 
*[[Diarrhea]]
 
*[[Nausea]]
 
*[[Vomiting]]
 
===Colorectal carcinoid Tumor===
Common symptoms of [[colorectal]] [[Carcinoid tumors|carcinoid tumor]] include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
*[[Hemorrhage]]
 
*[[Abdominal pain]]
 
*[[Constipation]]


===Lung Carcinoid Tumor===
===Lung Carcinoid Tumor===
Common [[symptoms]] of [[lung]] [[Carcinoid tumors|carcinoid tumor]] include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
*Post-obstructive [[pneumonia]]
*Post-obstructive [[pneumonia]]
*[[Wheezing]]
*[[Wheezing]]
*[[Cough]]
*[[Cough]]


===Thymic Carcinoids===
===Thymic Carcinoid===
Approximately 40% of patients with thymic carcinoid have Cushing syndrome as a result of [[adrenocorticotropic hormone]] secretion by the tumor.
[[Thymic]] [[carcinoid]] causes [[Cushing syndrome]] as a result of [[adrenocorticotropic hormone]] secretion by the [[tumor]]. Common symptoms of [[Cushing syndrome]] include:<ref name="symptoms">Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
 
*[[Obesity|Central obesity]]
===Carcinoid Heart Disease===
*[[Moon face]]
Carcinoid heart disease develops in more than one-third of patients with carcinoid syndrome. Symptoms include:<ref> General Information About Gastrointestinal (GI) Carcinoid Tumors
*[[Diaphoresis]]
. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/hp/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq#link/_49_toc Accessed on September 24, 2015</ref>
*[[Insomnia]]
*Tricuspid and pulmonic regurgitation
*Decreased [[libido]]
*Pulmonary stenosis
*[[Impotence]]
*Mitral and aortic insufficiency
*[[Amenorrhoea]]
*Cardiac dysrhythmias
*[[Infertility]]
*[[Mood disorders]]<ref>{{cite book |title=The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences |last=Yudofsky |first=Stuart C. |coauthors=Robert E. Hales |edition=5th |year=2007 |publisher=American Psychiatric Pub, Inc. |isbn=1585622397 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 16:49, 19 April 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

Overview

Symptoms of carcinoid tumor include flushing, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, wheezing, and cough.

History

When evaluating a patient for carcinoid syndrome, you should take a detailed history of the presenting symptom (onset, duration, and progression), other associated symptoms, and a thorough past medical history review. Other specific areas of focus when obtaining the history are:

Symptoms

Carcinoid Syndrome

Common symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include:[1]

This constellation of symptoms is called carcinoid syndrome or (if acute) carcinoid crisis. Occasionally, hemorrhage or pressure effects of the tumor are the presenting symptoms.

Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor

Common symptoms of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor include:[1]

Duodenal Carcinoid Tumor

Common symptoms of duodenal carcinoid tumor due to gastrin overproduction include:[1]

Jejunal and Ileal Carcinoid Tumor

Common symptoms of jejunal and ileal carcinoid tumor include:[1]

Colorectal carcinoid Tumor

Common symptoms of colorectal carcinoid tumor include:[1]

Lung Carcinoid Tumor

Common symptoms of lung carcinoid tumor include:[1]

Thymic Carcinoid

Thymic carcinoid causes Cushing syndrome as a result of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by the tumor. Common symptoms of Cushing syndrome include:[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq
  2. ↑ Yudofsky, Stuart C. (2007). The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Pub, Inc. ISBN 1585622397. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help)

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