Skin cancer (patient information): Difference between revisions

	Skin cancer
Overview
What are the types of skin cancer?
What are the causes?
Who is at highest risk?
Diagnosis
When to seek urgent medical care?
Treatment options
Where to find medical care for Skin cancer?
Prevention
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
Possible complications
Skin cancer On the Web
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
Images of Skin cancer
Videos on Skin cancer
FDA on Skin cancer
CDC on Skin cancer
Skin cancer in the news
Blogs on Skin cancer
Directions to Hospitals Treating Skin cancer
Risk calculators and risk factors for Skin cancer

	Skin cancer (patient information);
ICD-10	C43-C44
ICD-9	172, 173
ICD-O:	8010-8720
MeSH	D012878

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 18:15, 25 July 2019

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

Editor-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S.,M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Sara Mohsin, M.D.[2] Jinhui Wu, M.D.

Overview

Skin cancer is the most common of all cancer types in the United States. And the number of skin cancer cases has been on the rise for the past few decades. There are three main types of skin cancer: basal cell cancer, squamous cell cancer and melanoma. Other unusual form is Kaposi's sarcoma. Known risk factors invlove sunlight (solar UV radiation) exposure, light-colored skin, hair and eyes, moles, age, family history, etc. Skin cancer can appear on the head, face, neck, hands and arms. The patients may not feel any discomfort during the early period of cancer development. With the development of cancer, skin lesions appear. Skin biopsy is the most important test for the diagnosis. Early diagnosis is very important for the patients' prognosis. So, you should have your doctor check any suspicious skin markings and any changes in the way your skin looks. Treatments can work well when cancer is found early. If not treated, some types of skin cancer cells can spread to other tissues and organs. The preventive measures include skin protection while exposure under sunlight or UV light, self-check of any suspicious skin markings and skin changes. If you find any suspicious sign, go see your dermatologist as soon as possible.

Types of skin cancer

Melanoma (patient information)

Basal cell carcinoma (patient information)

Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (patient information)

Merkel cell cancer (patient information)

Kaposi's sarcoma (patient information)

Who is at risk for skin cancer

Clinical data has suggested that the development of melanoma is related to several factors as follows:

Sunlight: Clinical data shows too much exposure to sunlight(solar UV radiation) is thought to be the biggest risk factor for most skin cancers

Moles: Although as a benign skin tumor, the mole increases the chance of getting skin cancer, especially for people with many moles

Genetic factors: Epidemiological data shows that Whites with fair skin, freckles, or red or blond hair have a higher risk of skin cancer than other races

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP): Patients with XP are at higher risk of melanoma, a type of skin cancer, because they can not repair DNA damage caused by sunlight

Age: Epidemiological data suggests that skin cancer can be found both in older and younger people

Gender: Men have a higher chance of developing melanoma than women

Treatment options

Patients with skin cancer have many treatment options. The selection depends on the stage of the tumor. The options are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these methods. Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. Side effects may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.

Surgery: Surgery is the main treatment for most cases of skin cancer. It can often cure early stage skin cancer.
Radiation therapy: This is a cancer treatment to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation. Radiation therapy may be used to treat cancer which has come back and can not be removed by surgery, and distant spread to the brain or the bone.
Chemotherapy: The treatment is to use drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Usually, chemotherapy is useful in treating cancer that has spread.

Prevention of skin cancer

The best way to lower the risk of skin cancer is to avoid too much exposure to the sun and other sources of UV light. Regular self check is also important.

Sun protection practices: Slip on a shirt, slop on sunscreen, slap on a wide-brimmed hat, stay in the shade, wear sunglasses
Avoid other sources of UV light: Avoidance of tanning beds and sun lamps
Self-examination and regular check for abnormal moles and have them removed: Regular check for your moles and go to see your dermatologist

Sources

http://www.cancer.org/docroot/PED/content/ped_7_1_Skin_Cancer_Detection_What_You_Can_Do.asp

Template:WH Template:WS

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+__NOTOC__
 '''For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click [[Skin cancer|here]]'''
-{{SI}}
+{{Infobox_Disease |
+  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
+  DiseasesDB     = |
+  ICD10          = {{ICD10|C|43||c|43}}-{{ICD10|C|44||c|43}} |
+  ICD9           = {{ICD9|172}}, {{ICD9|173}} |
+  ICDO           = 8010-8720 |
+  OMIM           = |
+  MedlinePlus    = |
+  MeshID         = D012878 |
+}}
+{{Skin_cancer_(patient_information)}}
-'''Editor-in-Chief:''' Jinhui Wu
+'''Editor-in-Chief:''' [[C. Michael Gibson]], M.S.,M.D. [mailto:charlesmichaelgibson@gmail.com] '''Associate Editor-In-Chief: {{S.M.}}''' Jinhui Wu, M.D.
-{{EJ}}
+==Overview==
+[[Skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] is the most common of all [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] types in the [[United States]]. And the [[number]] of [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] [[Case fatality|cases]] has been on the rise for the past [[Fewmets|few]] decades. There are three main types of [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]]: [[Basal cell carcinoma|basal cell cancer]], [[Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin|squamous cell cancer]] and [[melanoma]]. Other unusual form is [[Kaposi's sarcoma]].  Known [[risk factors]] invlove [[sunlight]] ([[Solar nebula|solar]] [[UV radiation]]) [[Exposure (photography)|exposure]], [[light]]-[[Color|colored]] [[skin]], [[hair]] and [[eyes]], [[moles]], [[age]], [[family history]], etc. [[Skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] can [[Appearance|appear]] on the [[head]], [[face]], [[neck]], [[hands]] and [[Arm|arms]]. The [[Patient|patients]] may not [[Feeling|feel]] any [[discomfort]] during the early [[period]] of [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] [[Development (biology)|development]]. With the [[Development (biology)|development]] of [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]], [[skin lesions]] [[Appearance|appear]]. [[Skin biopsy]] is the most important [[test]] for the [[diagnosis]]. Early [[diagnosis]] is very important for the [[Patient|patients']] [[prognosis]]. So, you should have your [[Doctor of Medicine|doctor]] [[check]] any suspicious [[skin]] markings and any [[Skin changes|changes]] in the way your [[skin]] [[Lookahead|looks]]. [[Treatments]] can [[Work function|work]] [[WellPoint|well]] when [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] is found early. If not [[Treatments|treated]], some types of [[skin]] [[cancer cells]] can [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] to other [[tissues]] and [[organs]]. The [[Preventive care|preventive measures]] include [[skin]] [[Protecting group|protection]] while [[Exposure (photography)|exposure]] under [[sunlight]] or [[UV light]], [[Self-care|self]]-[[check]] of any suspicious [[skin]] markings and [[skin changes]]. If you find any suspicious [[Sign (medicine)|sign]], go see your [[dermatologist]] as soon as [[Possibility theory|possible]].
-==What is melanoma?==
+==Types of skin cancer==
-Melanoma is a cancer that starts in the melanocytes. Although much less common than basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers, melanoma causes most skin cancer deaths. Usually, the first sign of melanoma is a change in the size, shape, color or feel of a mole. The ABCD rule can help you tell a normal mole from an abnormal mole. Melanoma can be cured only if it is diagnosed and treated early. When spreads to other parts of the body, the outlook could be very bad.
+*[[Melanoma (patient information)]]
-==How do I know if I have melanoma and what are the symptoms of melanoma?==
+*[[Basal cell carcinoma (patient information)]]
-Usually, the first sign of melanoma is a change in the size, shape, color or feel of a mole. The ABCD rule can help you tell whether the mole is normal or not. Moles that have any of these signs should be checked by your doctor.
-:*'''A'''symmetry: It means one half of the mole does not match the other half.
+*[[Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (patient information)]]
-:*'''B'''order irregularity: The edges of the mole looks ragged, blurred, or notched.
+*[[Merkel cell cancer (patient information)]]
-:*'''C'''olor: The color over the mole is not the same and may be shades of tan, brown, or black, and sometimes patches of pink, red, blue, or white.
+*[[Kaposi's sarcoma (patient information)]]
-:*'''D'''iameter: The mole is larger than about 1/4 inch, although sometimes melanomas can be smaller.
+==Who is at risk for skin cancer==
+[[Clinical]] [[data]] has [[Suggestion|suggested]] that the [[Development (biology)|development]] of [[melanoma]] is [[Related phenomena|related]] to several factors as follows:
-:*The mole is growing or changing in shape or color
+*'''[[Sunlight]]''': [[Clinical]] [[data]] shows too much [[Exposure (photography)|exposure]] to [[sunlight]]([[Solar nebula|solar]] [[UV radiation]]) is thought to be the biggest [[risk factor]] for most [[skin cancers]]
-Some melanomas do not fit the "rules" above and may be hard to tell if the mole is normal or not. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
+*'''[[Moles]]''': Although as a [[benign]] [[skin]] [[tumor]], the [[mole]] increases the [[chance]] of getting [[skin]] [[cancer]], especially for [[People's Solidarity|people]] with many [[moles]]
-==Who is at risk for melanoma?==
+*'''[[Genetics|Genetic factors]]''': [[Epidemiological]] [[data]] shows that [[White (mutation)|Whites]] with [[Fair use|fair]] [[skin]], [[freckles]], or [[Red-Al|red]] or blond [[hair]] have a higher [[RiskMetrics|risk]] of [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] than other [[Race|races]]
-Clinical data has suggested that the development of melanoma is related to several factors.
-:*Sunlight(solar UV radiation): Too much exposure to sunlight(solar UV radiation) is thought to be the biggest risk factor for most melanomas.
+*'''[[Xeroderma pigmentosum]]''' ('''[[XP]]'''): [[Patients]] with [[Xeroderma pigmentosum|XP]] are at higher [[RiskMetrics|risk]] of [[melanoma]], a type of [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]], because they can not [[DNA repair|repair]] [[DNA damage]] [[Causes|caused]] by [[sunlight]]
-:*Moles: Although as a benign skin tumor, the mole increases the chance of getting melanoma, espcially for people with many moles.
+*'''[[Age]]''': [[Epidemiological]] [[data]] [[Suggestion|suggests]] that [[skin]] [[cancer]] can be found both in [[Old age|older]] and [[Young adults|younger people]]
-:*Genetic factors: Epidemiological data show that Whites with fair skin, freckles, or red or blond hair have a higher risk of melanoma than other race.
+*'''[[Gender-neutral|Gender]]''': [[Men]] have a higher [[chance]] of [[Development (biology)|developing]] [[melanoma]] than [[Womens Pack|women]]
-:*Immunosuppressive factors: Clinical surveys suggest patients treated with Immunosuppressive medicines such as transplant patients, have an increased risk of developing melanoma.
-:*Previous melanoma: A person with previous history of melanoma has a higher risk of getting another melanoma.
-:*Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP): Patients with XP are at higher risk of melanoma because thay can not repair damage caused by sunlight.
-:*Age: Epidemiological data suggest that melanoma can be found both in old people and in younger people.
-:*Gender: Men have a higher chance of developing melanoma than women.
-==How to know you have melanoma?==
-Regular self-examinations are key to early detection of melanoma. Any time skin cancer is suspected, go to see a dermatologist.
-:*Biopsy: At first dermatologists detect skin cancer through a visual examination of the skin and mucous membranes. Then, if malignancy is suspected, a biopsy will be performed. It is the most important measure for the diagnosis of melanoma.
-:*Images tests such as computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) scan, ultrasound and chest-x-ray: The goal of these image tests are to help find out the extent of the melanoma and determine the stage of the disease.
-==When to seek urgent medical care?==
-Call your dermatologist if symptoms of melanoma develops.
 ==Treatment options==
-Patients with melanoma have many treatment options. The selection depends on the stage of the tumor. The options are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy , or a combination of these methods. Before treatment starts, ask your health care team about possible side effects and how treatment may change your normal activities. Because cancer treatments often damage healthy cells and tissues, side effects are common. Side effects may not be the same for each person, and they may change from one treatment session to the next.
+[[Patients]] with [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] have many [[Treatments|treatment]] options. The [[selection]] [[Dependent variable|depends]] on the stage of the [[tumor]]. The options are [[surgery]], [[radiation therapy]], [[chemotherapy]], or a [[Combination therapy|combination]] of these [[Method of Levels|methods]]. Before [[Treatments|treatment]] [[Starter (fermentation)|starts]], ask your [[health care]] [[Team nursing|team]] about [[Possibility theory|possible]] [[side effects]] and how [[Treatments|treatment]] may [[Change detection|change]] your [[normal]] [[Activities of daily living|activities]]. Because [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] [[treatments]] often damage [[healthy]] [[Cells (biology)|cells]] and [[tissues]], [[side effects]] are common. [[Side effects]] may not be the same for each [[person]], and they may [[Change detection|change]] from one [[Treatments|treatment]] session to the [[Next Choice|next]].
-:*Surgery: Surgery is the main treatment for most cases of melanoma. It can often cure early stage melanomas. Once the melanoma has spread from the skin to distant organs, the aim of surgery is to remove areas of spread and help patients live longer or have a better quality of life.
-:*Radiation therapy: This is a cancer treatment to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing by using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation. Radiation therapy may be used to treat cancer which has come back and can not be removed by surgery, and distant spread to the brain or the bone.
-:*Chemotherapy: The treatment is to use drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Usually, chemotherapy is useful in treating cancer that has spread.
-:*Immunotherapy: This kind of treatment helps patients's immune system to better attack the cancer. There are many drugs of immunotherapy used for people with advanced melanoma, such as cytokines, interferon-alpha, melanoma vaccines and so on.
-==Diseases with similar symptoms==
+*'''[[Surgery]]''': [[Surgery]] is the [[Main effect|main]] [[Treatments|treatment]] for most [[Case fatality|cases]] of [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]]. It can often [[cure]] early stage [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]].
-:*[[Benign junctional nevus]]
+*[[Radiation therapy|'''Radiation therapy''']]: This is a [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] [[Treatments|treatment]] to [[Killer cell|kill]] [[cancer cells]] or keep them from [[Growth|growing]] by [[Usage analysis|using]] [[High-energy visible light|high-energy]] [[x-rays]] or other types of [[radiation]]. [[Radiation therapy]] may be [[Usage analysis|used]] to [[Treatments|treat]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] which has come back and can not be removed by [[surgery]], and distant [[Spread of the cancer|spread]] to the [[brain]] or the [[bone]].
+*'''[[Chemotherapy]]''': The [[Treatments|treatment]] is to [[Usage analysis|use]] [[drugs]] to [[Stop signs|stop]] the [[growth]] of [[cancer cells]] either by [[Killer cell|killing]] the [[Cells (biology)|cells]] or by [[Stop signs|stopping]] them from [[Division (biology)|dividing]]. Usually, [[chemotherapy]] is [[Usage analysis|useful]] in [[Treatments|treating]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] that has [[Spread of the cancer|spread]].
-:*[[Cellular blue nevus]]
+==Prevention of skin cancer==
+The [[Best practice|best]] way to lower the [[RiskMetrics|risk]] of [[skin]] [[Cancer (disease)|cancer]] is to [[Avoidance reaction|avoid]] too much [[Exposure (photography)|exposure]] to the [[Sun exposure|sun]] and other sources of [[UV light]]. [[Regularization (machine learning)|Regular]] [[Self-care|self]] [[check]] is also important.
-:*[[Basal cell carcinoma]]
+*'''[[Sun protection factor|Sun protection]] [[PracticeWorks|practices]]''': [[Slip ring|Slip]] on a shirt, slop on [[sunscreen]], slap on a [[Wide and fast|wide]]-brimmed hat, [[Stay Alert|stay]] in the shade, [[Wear red day|wear]] [[sunglasses]]
+*'''[[Avoidance reaction|Avoid]] other sources of [[UV light]]''': [[Avoidance reaction|Avoidance]] of [[Tanning booth|tanning beds]] and [[Sun exposure|sun]] lamps
+*'''[[Self-care|Self]]-[[examination]] and regular [[check]] for [[abnormal]] [[moles]] and have them removed''': Regular [[check]] for your [[moles]] and go to see your [[dermatologist]]
-:*[[Sclerosing angioma]]
+==Sources==
+http://www.cancer.org/docroot/PED/content/ped_7_1_Skin_Cancer_Detection_What_You_Can_Do.asp
-:*[[Seborrheic keratosis]]
-==Where to find medical care for melanoma?==
-[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&amp;hl=en&amp;geocode=&amp;q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|melanoma}}}}&amp;sll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;sspn=65.008093,112.148438&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;ll=37.0625,-95.677068&amp;spn=91.690419,149.414063&amp;z=2&amp;source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating melanoma]
-==Prevention of melanoma==
-The best way to lower the risk of melanoma is to avoid too much exposure to the sun and other sources of UV light. Regular self check is also important.
-:*Sun protection practices: Slip on a shirt, slop on sunscream, slap on a wide-brimmed hat, stay in the shade, wear sunglasses.
-:*Avoid other sources of UV light: Aavoidance of tanning beds and sun lamps.
-:*Check for abnormal moles and have them removed: Regular check for your moles and go to see your dermatologist.
-:*Genetic counseling and testing: If you have previous melanoma or a family history of melanoma, go to see your dermatologist for genetic counseling and testing.
-==What to expect (Outook/Prognosis)?==
-The prognosis of melanoma depends on the following:
-:*The stage of melanoma: Whether cancer is found in the outer layer of skin only, or has spread to the lymph nodes, or to distant places in the body.
-:*The location and size of the tumor
-:*Whether there was bleeding or ulceration at the primary site
-:*The patient’s general health
-==Copyleft Sources==
-http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/melanoma.html
-http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_2_1X_What_is_melanoma_skin_cancer_50.asp?sitearea=CRI
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}
-[[Category:Patient Information]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Dermatology]]
+[[Category:Patient information]]
+[[Category:Dermatology patient information]]
+[[Category:Oncology patient information]]
+[[Category:Mature chapter]]
+ [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
+[[Category:Oncology]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
+[[Category:Dermatology]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]

Skin cancer (patient information)
ICD-10	C43-C44
ICD-9	172, 173
ICD-O:	8010-8720
MeSH	D012878