Enterovirus 68: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Alejandro Lemor (talk | contribs)
nocaptcha, Administrators
7,091 edits
No edit summary
Skazmi (talk | contribs)
CMEAdmin, CMEUser, Bureaucrats, nocaptcha, smwadministrator, Administrators, Widget editors
6,685 edits
No edit summary
 
(13 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AL}};{{JS}}
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
 
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AL}}; {{JS}} {{HK}}
{{Enterovirus 68}}
{{Enterovirus 68}}


{{SK}} EV68, EV-68, EV-D68, HRV-87, human rhinovirus type 87
{{SK}} Enterovirus D-68, EV68, EV-68, EV-D68, EVD68, Acute flaccid paralysis with anterior myelitis,  polio-like syndrome
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 overview|Overview]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 differential diagnosis|Differentiating Enterovirus 68 from Other Diseases]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
 
==[[Enterovirus 68 natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==Diagnosis==


==Overview==
[[Enterovirus 68 history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Enterovirus 68 physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Enterovirus 68 laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Enterovirus 68 chest x ray|Chest X Ray]]


==Life Cycle==
==Treatment==
Enterovirus 68 is acid labile and prefers a lower temperature similar to rhinovirus 87, whereas other [[enterovirus|enteroviruses]] are more acid stable and can survive at higher temperatures. In a study on the effect of acidity and temperature on viral growth, 5 clinical isolates were tested for acid stability as compared to EV68 FERMON strain. 10 folds serial dilutions of viral samples were inoculated onto 96 culture plates. They were then incubated at a temperature of 33 or 37° C, in an atmosphere of 5% CO<sub>2</sub>. They were then observed for 7 days for any [[cytopathic]] effects. All strains exhibited a 100 to 1000 fold reduction in the [[infectivity]] [[titre|titres]] following the incubation for 1 hour in pH 3 buffer.  In addition, each of EV68 strains grew to a lower titer at 37 °C than at 33 °C.<ref name="Oberste-2004">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Oberste | first1 = MS. | last2 = Maher | first2 = K. | last3 = Schnurr | first3 = D. | last4 = Flemister | first4 = MR. | last5 = Lovchik | first5 = JC. | last6 = Peters | first6 = H. | last7 = Sessions | first7 = W. | last8 = Kirk | first8 = C. | last9 = Chatterjee | first9 = N. | title = Enterovirus 68 is associated with respiratory illness and shares biological features with both the enteroviruses and the rhinoviruses. | journal = J Gen Virol | volume = 85 | issue = Pt 9 | pages = 2577-84 | month = Sep | year = 2004 | doi = 10.1099/vir.0.79925-0 | PMID = 15302951 }}</ref><ref name="Blomqvist-2002">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Blomqvist | first1 = S. | last2 = Savolainen | first2 = C. | last3 = Råman | first3 = L. | last4 = Roivainen | first4 = M. | last5 = Hovi | first5 = T. | title = Human rhinovirus 87 and enterovirus 68 represent a unique serotype with rhinovirus and enterovirus features. | journal = J Clin Microbiol | volume = 40 | issue = 11 | pages = 4218-23 | month = Nov | year = 2002 | doi =  | PMID = 12409401 }}</ref> It is due to this survivability at lower temperatures and higher pH that most strains are isolated from respiratory specimens. Classically enteroviruses have a predominance of occurrence in summer-fall season and outbreaks occur in cycles spaced out by several years. EV68 also shows a similar seasonal distribution, with most cases occurring within and sometimes in the later part of the typical enterovirus season.<ref name="-2011">{{Cite journal  | title = Clusters of acute respiratory illness associated with human enterovirus 68--Asia, Europe, and United States, 2008-2010. | journal = MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep | volume = 60 | issue = 38 | pages = 1301-4 | month = Sep | year = 2011 | doi =  | PMID = 21956405 }}</ref>


[[Enterovirus 68 medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Enterovirus 68 primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Enterovirus 68 future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


== References ==
==Case Studies==
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Picornaviruses]]
[[Enterovirus 68 case study one|Case #1]]
[[Category:Enterovirus]]
[[Category:Infectious Diseases]]

Latest revision as of 16:32, 31 July 2019

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]; João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3] Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [4]

Enterovirus 68 Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Risk Factors

Differentiating Enterovirus 68 from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Ultrasound

Chest X Ray

CT Scan

MRI

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Enterovirus 68 On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Enterovirus 68

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Enterovirus 68

CDC on Enterovirus 68

Enterovirus 68 in the news

Blogs on Enterovirus 68

Directions to Hospitals Treating Enterovirus 68

Risk calculators and risk factors for Enterovirus 68

Synonyms and keywords: Enterovirus D-68, EV68, EV-68, EV-D68, EVD68, Acute flaccid paralysis with anterior myelitis, polio-like syndrome

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Enterovirus 68 from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Enterovirus_68&oldid=1577661"