Uremic pericarditis: Difference between revisions

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{{Pericarditis}}
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{{Uremic pericarditis}}


{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.; [[Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan]], M.B.B.S.{{ADS}}<br>
{{SK}}Pericarditis fibrinosa, Uraemic pericarditis, Pericarditis due to uremia, Pericarditis due to uraemia


==Overview==
'''To go back to the main page on Pericarditis, click [[Pericarditis|here]].'''
[[Renal failure]] if not managed adequately can lead to [[pericardial effusion]] and [[pericarditis]], also known as uremic pericarditis. This is due to build up of metabolic toxins such as [[urea]], [[creatinine]], methylguanidine which cause inflammation of pericardium. With the introduction of [[dialysis]], the incidence of uremic pericarditis has been considerably lowered<ref name="pmid5673609">{{cite journal| author=Bailey GL, Hampers CL, Hager EB, Merrill JP| title=Uremic pericarditis. Clinical features and management. | journal=Circulation | year= 1968 | volume= 38 | issue= 3 | pages= 582-91 | pmid=5673609 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>.
Uremic pericaritis can be further divided as:
#Uremic pericarditis in patients not undergoing dialysis.
#Uremic pericarditis in patients on maintenance dialysis.


==Etiology==
==[[Uremic pericarditis overview|Overview]]==
#Absence of [[dialysis]] in renal failure
#Inadequate dialysis in renal failure
#Volume overload during dialysis
#Infections


==Pathophysiology==
==[[Uremic pericarditis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
The pathophysiology of uremic pericarditis is not fully understood. However, there is a correlation observed with levels of [[blood urea nitrogen]](usually >60 mg/dL) and [[creatinine]]. In [[renal failure]], the absence or inadequate [[dialysis]] can lead to accumulation of these toxins in the body which may cause inflammation of [[pericardium]] and development of adhesions between the two pericardial layers.
==[[Uremic pericarditis causes|Causes]]==
==[[Pericarditis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Uremic Pericarditis from other Diseases]]==


Patients undergoing dialysis may also develop [[pericarditis]]. In a series, 13% of patients undergoing hemodialysis developed pericarditis<ref name="pmid3605080">{{cite journal| author=Rutsky EA, Rostand SG| title=Treatment of uremic pericarditis and pericardial effusion. | journal=Am J Kidney Dis | year= 1987 | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= 2-8 | pmid=3605080 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3605080  }} </ref>
==[[Uremic pericarditis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Uremic pericarditis natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


Uremic pericarditis can occur as serous or hemorrhagic effusion with considerable overlapping. Hemorrhagic effusions are more common secondary to uremia induced platelet dysfunction and the use of [[anticoagulation]] during [[hemodialysis]].
==Diagnosis==
[[Uremic pericarditis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Uremic pericarditis physical examination|Physical Examination]] |  [[Pericarditis laboratory studies|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Uremic pericarditis electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Uremic pericarditis chest X ray|Chest X ray]] | [[Uremic pericarditis echocardiography|Echocardiography]] |  [[Pericarditis CT|CT]] | [[Pericarditis MRI|MRI]] | [[Uremic pericarditis cardiac catheterization|Cardiac Catheterization]]


[[Dialysis]] associated pericarditis may also be secondary to volume overload and bacterial or viral infections<ref name="pmid11172559">{{cite journal| author=Gunukula SR, Spodick DH| title=Pericardial disease in renal patients. | journal=Semin Nephrol | year= 2001 | volume= 21 | issue= 1 | pages= 52-6 | pmid=11172559 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11172559  }} </ref>.
==Treatment==
 
[[Uremic pericarditis treatment|Overview]] | [[Pericarditis treatment|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pericardiocentesis]] | [[Pericardial window|Pericardial Window]] | [[Pericardiectomy]]
==References==
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[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
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[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Nephrology]]
[[Category:Diseases involving the fasciae]]
[[Category:Diseases involving the fasciae]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
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[[Category:Best pages]]
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[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]

Latest revision as of 13:56, 26 November 2019