Eisenmenger’s syndrome history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 11:44, 20 January 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD [2]

Overview

Patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome pass through the following stages: An underlying heart defect that initially allows a left-to-right shunt between the left and right sides of the heart, then the development of pulmonary hypertension, then polycythemia, an increase in the number of red blood cells, and finally, a reversal of the left-to-right shunt so that there is a right-to-left shunt. The common symptoms of Eisenmenger's syndrome include dyspnea, syncope, hemoptysis, chest pain, dizziness, fatigue, and dyspnea.

History and Symptoms

History

Patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome pass through the following stages^[1]:

An underlying heart defect that initially allows a left-to-right shunt between the left and right sides of the heart
The development of pulmonary hypertension
Polycythemia, an increase in the number of red blood cells
Finally, a reversal of the left-to-right shunt so that there is a right-to-left shunt

Therefore, they may present with a history of symptoms for each of these stages.

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of Eisenmenger's syndrome include^[2]:

Less Common symptoms

Less common symptoms of Eisenmenger's syndrome include^[3]:

References

↑ Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A; et al. (2010). "The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options". Curr Cardiol Rev. 6 (4): 343–55. doi:10.2174/157340310793566154. PMC 3083816. PMID 22043211.
↑ Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A; et al. (2010). "The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options". Curr Cardiol Rev. 6 (4): 343–55. doi:10.2174/157340310793566154. PMC 3083816. PMID 22043211.
↑ Iveta S (2009). "Eisenmenger syndrome--a unique form of pulmonary arterial hypertension". Bratisl Lek Listy. 110 (12): 757–64. PMID 20196469.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid22043211-1] Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A; et al. (2010). "The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options". Curr Cardiol Rev. 6 (4): 343–55. doi:10.2174/157340310793566154. PMC 3083816. PMID 22043211.

[pmid220432112-2] Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A; et al. (2010). "The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options". Curr Cardiol Rev. 6 (4): 343–55. doi:10.2174/157340310793566154. PMC 3083816. PMID 22043211.

[pmid201964692-3] Iveta S (2009). "Eisenmenger syndrome--a unique form of pulmonary arterial hypertension". Bratisl Lek Listy. 110 (12): 757–64. PMID 20196469.

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[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+__NOTOC__
 {{Template:Eisenmenger's syndrome}}
-{{CMG}}
+{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{AIA}}
-==Symptoms==
+==Overview==
-Common symptoms and diagnostic criteria for Eisenmenger's syndrome includes:
+Patients with [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] pass through the following stages: An underlying heart defect that initially allows a [[left-to-right shunt]] between the left and right sides of the heart, then the development of [[pulmonary hypertension]], then [[polycythemia]], an increase in the number of [[Red blood cell|red blood cells]], and finally, a reversal of the left-to-right shunt so that there is a [[right-to-left shunt]]. The common symptoms of [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] include [[dyspnea]], [[syncope]], [[hemoptysis]], [[chest pain]], [[dizziness]], f[[Fatigue|atigue]], and [[dyspnea]].
-*An underlying heart defect that initially allows a left-to right shunt between the left and right sides of the heart
+==History and Symptoms==
+=== History ===
+Patients with [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] pass through the following stages<ref name="pmid22043211">{{cite journal| author=Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A et al.| title=The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options. | journal=Curr Cardiol Rev | year= 2010 | volume= 6 | issue= 4 | pages= 343-55 | pmid=22043211 | doi=10.2174/157340310793566154 | pmc=3083816 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22043211  }}</ref>:
+*An underlying heart defect that initially allows a [[left-to-right shunt]] between the left and right sides of the heart
 * The development of [[pulmonary hypertension]]
-* [[Polycythemia]], an increase in the number of red blood cells
+*[[Polycythemia]], an increase in the number of [[Red blood cell|red blood cells]]
-* Finally, a reversal of the left-to-right shunt so that there is a right-to-left shunt
+* Finally, a reversal of the left-to-right shunt so that there is a [[right-to-left shunt]]
+Therefore, they may present with a history of symptoms for each of these stages.
+=== Common Symptoms ===
+Common symptoms of [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] include<ref name="pmid220432112">{{cite journal| author=Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A et al.| title=The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options. | journal=Curr Cardiol Rev | year= 2010 | volume= 6 | issue= 4 | pages= 343-55 | pmid=22043211 | doi=10.2174/157340310793566154 | pmc=3083816 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22043211  }}</ref>:
+*[[Dyspnea]]
+*[[Syncope]]
+*[[Hemoptysis]]
+*[[Stroke]]
+*[[Chest pain]]
+*[[Dizziness]]
+*[[Fatigue]]
+*[[Dyspnea]]
+=== Less Common symptoms ===
+Less common symptoms of [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] include<ref name="pmid201964692">{{cite journal| author=Iveta S| title=Eisenmenger syndrome--a unique form of pulmonary arterial hypertension. | journal=Bratisl Lek Listy | year= 2009 | volume= 110 | issue= 12 | pages= 757-64 | pmid=20196469 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20196469  }}</ref>:
+*[[Joint swelling]]
+*[[Epistaxis]]
+*[[Menorrhagia]]
+*[[Tinnitus]]
+*[[Blurred vision]]
+*[[Ascites]]
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{reflist|2}}
 [[Category:Cardiology]]
+[[Category:Disease]]
-[[fr:Syndrome d'Eisenmenger]]
+[[Category:Pediatrics]]
-[[ja:アイゼンメンゲル症候群]]
 {{WH}}
 {{WS}}