Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
The physical examination of patients with [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] may show the following<ref name="pmid22043211">{{cite journal| author=Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A et al.| title=The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options. | journal=Curr Cardiol Rev | year= 2010 | volume= 6 | issue= 4 | pages= 343-55 | pmid=22043211 | doi=10.2174/157340310793566154 | pmc=3083816 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22043211 }}</ref><ref name="pmid201964692">{{cite journal| author=Iveta S| title=Eisenmenger syndrome--a unique form of pulmonary arterial hypertension. | journal=Bratisl Lek Listy | year= 2009 | volume= 110 | issue= 12 | pages= 757-64 | pmid=20196469 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20196469 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9556469">{{cite journal| author=Vongpatanasin W, Brickner ME, Hillis LD, Lange RA| title=The Eisenmenger syndrome in adults. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1998 | volume= 128 | issue= 9 | pages= 745-55 | pmid=9556469 | doi=10.7326/0003-4819-128-9-199805010-00008 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9556469 }}</ref>: | |||
=== Appearance of the Patient === | === Appearance of the Patient === | ||
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* [[Tachycardia]] | * [[Tachycardia]] | ||
* Tachypnea | *[[Tachypnea]] | ||
*[[Postural hypotension]] | *[[Postural hypotension]] | ||
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=== HEENT === | === HEENT === | ||
* HEENT examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal. | * HEENT examination of patients with [[Eisenmenger's syndrome]] is usually normal. | ||
=== Neck === | === Neck === | ||
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* Peripheral [[edema]] | * Peripheral [[edema]] | ||
[[File:ClubbingFingers1.jpg|center|thumb|Nail clubbing of fingers in a patient with Eisenmenger's syndrome. Case courtsey of Ann McGrath [Public domain].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger%27s_syndrome#/media/File:ClubbingFingers1.jpg/</ref>]] | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:01, 20 January 2020
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Eisenmenger’s syndrome Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Eisenmenger’s syndrome ACC/AHA Guidelines for Evaluation of Patients |
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Treatment |
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Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Eisenmenger’s syndrome physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD[2]
Overview
The general examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome may show cyanosis, dermal changes, clubbing, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. Cardiac examination may show A wave dominant jugular venous pulse, right ventricular heave, high-pitched early diastolic murmur of pulmonary insufficiency, right-sided S4, pulmonary ejection click, single palpable S2, and loud P2.
Physical Examination
The physical examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome may show the following[1][2][3]:
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome usually appear lethargic and cyanotic.
Vital Signs
Skin
Skin examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome usually shows:
- Plethora
- Livedo reticularis
- Profound acrocyanosis
- Urate depositions
- Ecchymosis
- Ischemic skin ulcerations
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.
Neck
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.
Heart
- Jugular venous pulse wave may be A wave dominant
- Precordial palpation reveals a right ventricular heave
- High-pitched early diastolic murmur of pulmonary insufficiency
- Right-sided S4
- Pulmonary ejection click
- Single palpable S2
- Loud P2
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly
- Jaundice
- Right upper abdominal quadrant tenderness
Back
- Back examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome is usually normal.
Extremities
References
- ↑ Kaemmerer H, Mebus S, Schulze-Neick I, Eicken A, Trindade PT, Hager A; et al. (2010). "The adult patient with eisenmenger syndrome: a medical update after dana point part I: epidemiology, clinical aspects and diagnostic options". Curr Cardiol Rev. 6 (4): 343–55. doi:10.2174/157340310793566154. PMC 3083816. PMID 22043211.
- ↑ Iveta S (2009). "Eisenmenger syndrome--a unique form of pulmonary arterial hypertension". Bratisl Lek Listy. 110 (12): 757–64. PMID 20196469.
- ↑ Vongpatanasin W, Brickner ME, Hillis LD, Lange RA (1998). "The Eisenmenger syndrome in adults". Ann Intern Med. 128 (9): 745–55. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-128-9-199805010-00008. PMID 9556469.
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisenmenger%27s_syndrome#/media/File:ClubbingFingers1.jpg/
