Patent foramen ovale: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Ifeoma odukwe (talk | contribs)
2,699 edits
No edit summary
 
(61 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Atrial septal defect}}
__NOTOC__
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editors-In-Chief:''' [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [[mailto:psingh@perfuse.org]]; {{CZ}}'''; Assistant Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [[mailto:kfeeney@perfuse.org]]
{{Patent foramen ovale}}


==Overview==
'''For patient information click [[Patent foramen ovale (patient information)|here]]'''
A [[patent foramen ovale]] is a communication between the right and left atrium. Despite the communication between the two atrium, it is not considered an [[atrial septal defect]] as the septal tissue is not missing.


==Embryology==
'''For full discussion on atrial septal defects click [[atrial septal defect|here]].'''
The presence of a patent foramen ovale is due to failure of fusion between the '''[[septum primum]]''' and the '''[[septum secundum]]'''.


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editors-In-Chief:''' {{IO}}, [[Priyamvada Singh|Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S.]] [mailto:psingh13579@gmail.com], [[Kristin Feeney|Kristin Feeney, B.S.]] [mailto:kfeeney@elon.edu]
Approximately 1 in every three normal adult hearts have a [[patent foramen ovale]].


==Risk Factors==
'''''Synonyms and Keywords:''''' Patent foramen; PFO; probe patent PFO
Genetics may play a role in the development of a patent foramen ovale insofar as the disorder has been found to occur with an increased frequency in families.
==[[Patent foramen ovale overview|Overview]]==


==Pathophysiology==
==[[Patent foramen ovale historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
In case of elevation of pressure in the right side of heart, shunting of blood from right atrium to left atrium can occur across it.


* The patent [[foramen ovale]] is completely covered but not completely sealed. Due to this, it is also sometimes called as a '''probe patent''' (PFO) (as the foramen can be opened with reversal of shunt).
==[[Patent foramen ovale pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


== Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis==
==[[Patent foramen ovale causes|Causes]]==
Clinically it is linked to [[decompression sickness]], [[paradoxical embolism]] and [[migraine]].  There is a debate within the neurology and cardiology communities about the role of a PFO in [[cryptogenic stroke]] neurologic events, e.g. [[strokes]] and [[transient ischemia attacks]] (TIAs) without any other potential cause. On echocardiography, there may not be any shunting of blood noted except when the patient coughs.


* Elevation of pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (i.e.: [[pulmonary hypertension]] due to various causes, or transiently during a [[cough]]) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open.
==[[Patent foramen ovale differential diagnosis|Differentiating Patent Foramen Ovale from other Diseases]]==


==[[Echocardiography showing patent foramen ovale bubble study|Echocardiography showing patent foramen ovale bubble study]]==
==[[Patent foramen ovale epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


==[[Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale|Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale]]==
==[[Patent foramen ovale risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


==References==
== [[Patent foramen ovale natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
{{reflist|2}}


==External links==
==Diagnosis==
* {{EmbryologyTemple|Heart98/heart97a/sld037}}
[[Patent foramen ovale history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Patent foramen ovale physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Patent foramen ovale electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Patent foramen ovale chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Patent foramen ovale CT|CT]] | [[Patent foramen ovale MRI|MRI]] | [[Patent foramen ovale echocardiography|Echocardiography]]
* {{EmbryologyUNC|cardev|039}}
 
* [http://staff.um.edu.mt/acus1/Heart-b.htm Overview at edu.mt]
==Treatment==
[[Patent foramen ovale medical therapy|Medical therapy]] | [[Patent foramen ovale surgery|Surgery]] | [[Patent foramen ovale post-surgical follow up|Post-Surgical Management]] | [[Patent foramen ovale post-surgical complications|Post-Surgical Complications]] | [[Patent foramen ovale cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Patent foramen ovale future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
 
==Case Studies==
[[Patent foramen ovale case study one|Case#1]]
 
==Related Chapters==
*[[Atrioventricular septal defect]]
*[[Congenital heart disease]]
*[[Atrial septal defect]]


[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
Line 40: Line 43:
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Embryology]]
[[Category:Embryology]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]


{{WH}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WS}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 15:17, 26 February 2020

Patent Foramen Ovale Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Patent Foramen Ovale from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

PFO and Stroke

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Patent foramen ovale On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Patent foramen ovale

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Patent foramen ovale

CDC on Patent foramen ovale

Patent foramen ovale in the news

Blogs on Patent foramen ovale

Directions to Hospitals Treating Patent foramen ovale

Risk calculators and risk factors for Patent foramen ovale

For patient information click here

For full discussion on atrial septal defects click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Ifeoma Odukwe, M.D. [2], Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [3], Kristin Feeney, B.S. [4]

Synonyms and Keywords: Patent foramen; PFO; probe patent PFO

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Patent Foramen Ovale from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography

Treatment

Medical therapy | Surgery | Post-Surgical Management | Post-Surgical Complications | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case#1

Related Chapters


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Patent_foramen_ovale&oldid=1600333"