Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(16 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
{{Cardiac tamponade}}
{{Cardiac tamponade}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S.
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S. {{RG}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients with [[cardiac tamponade]] may present with sudden onset of [[chest pain]], [[palpitations]], [[breathlessness]] and [[lightheadedness]]. Presentation vary with the cause and acuteness of development of tamponade.
Patients with [[cardiac tamponade]] may present with sudden onset of [[chest pain]], [[palpitations]], [[breathlessness]] and [[lightheadedness]]. Presentation vary with the cause and acuteness of development of tamponade. An acute cardiac tamponade follows trauma to the chest or rupture of the aorta or heart. A sub-acute cardiac tamponade occurs in the setting of a [[neoplasm]] or [[renal failure]]. A low pressure cardiac tamponade occurs in patients who are [[hypovolemic]] secondary to [[hemorrhage]] or over [[diuresis]].
*'''Acute cardiac tamponade''' following trauma to chest or rupture of aorta or heart.
*'''Sub-acute cardiac tamponade''' occurs in the setting of [[neoplasm]] or [[renal failure]].
*'''Low pressure cardiac tamponade''' occurs in patients who are hypovolemic secondary to [[hemorrhage]] or over[[diuresis]].


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptomes==
===History===
===History===
Presentation vary with the cause and acuteness of the tamponade. Such as:
Presentation varies with the cause and spontaneity of the tamponade. Such as:<ref name="pmid23389717">{{cite journal |vauthors=Butala A, Chaudhari S, Sacerdote A |title=Cardiac tamponade as a presenting manifestation of severe hypothyroidism |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2013 |issue= |pages= |date=February 2013 |pmid=23389717 |pmc=3603423 |doi=10.1136/bcr-12-2011-5281 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2251997">{{cite journal| author=Reddy PS, Curtiss EI, Uretsky BF| title=Spectrum of hemodynamic changes in cardiac tamponade. | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 1990 | volume= 66 | issue= 20 | pages= 1487-91 | pmid=2251997 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>.
*'''Acute:''' Cardiac tamponade may develop rapidly in the setting of trauma, rupture of heart or aorta, or as a complication during thoracic surgery. This is often a life threatening condition mandating emergent intervention to relieve high pericardial pressure<ref name="pmid2251997">{{cite journal| author=Reddy PS, Curtiss EI, Uretsky BF| title=Spectrum of hemodynamic changes in cardiac tamponade. | journal=Am J Cardiol | year= 1990 | volume= 66 | issue= 20 | pages= 1487-91 | pmid=2251997 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>. These patients may present with features of [[cardiogenic shock]]- [[hypotension]], cold clammy extremities, peripheral [[cyanosis]], and decreased urine output.
*Acute: Cardiac tamponade may develop rapidly in the setting of trauma, rupture of the heart or aorta, or as a complication during thoracic surgery. This is often a life threatening condition mandating emergency intervention to relieve high pericardial pressure. These patients may present with features of [[cardiogenic shock]], [[hypotension]], cold clammy extremities, peripheral [[cyanosis]], and decreased urine output.


*'''Sub-acute:''' Patients may be asymptomatic to begin with. But as pericardial fluid accumulates over few days to weeks, the intrapericardial pressure reaches a threshold and the patients present with peripheral edema in addition to above listed symptoms. Sub-acute tamponade is associated with [[malignant pericarditis|neoplastic]], [[uremic pericarditis|uremic]], or idiopathic pericarditis.
*Sub-acute: Patients may be asymptomatic to begin with, but as pericardial fluid accumulates over a few days to weeks, the intrapericardial pressure reaches a threshold and the patients present with peripheral edema in addition to the symptoms listed above. Sub-acute tamponade is associated with [[malignant pericarditis|neoplastic]], [[uremic pericarditis|uremic]], or idiopathic pericarditis.
 
*Low pressure cardiac tamponade: This is a subset of sub-acute tamponade. This occurs in patients who are [[hypovolemic]] secondary to [[hemorrhage]] or over [[diuresis]].


*'''Low pressure cardiac tamponade:''' is a subset of sub-acute tamponade. This occurs in patients who are hypovolemic secondary to [[hemorrhage]] or over[[diuresis]].
===Symptoms===
===Symptoms===
Patients may present with sudden onset of:
Patients may present with sudden onset of:<ref name="pmid29298795">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dalia T, Masoomi R, Sahu KK, Gupta K |title=Cardiac tamponade causing severe reversible hyponatraemia |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2018 |issue= |pages= |date=January 2018 |pmid=29298795 |pmc=5775762 |doi=10.1136/bcr-2017-222949 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22693326">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carrion DM, Carrion AF |title=Cardiac tamponade as an initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus |journal=BMJ Case Rep |volume=2012 |issue= |pages= |date=June 2012 |pmid=22693326 |pmc=4543278 |doi=10.1136/bcr-03-2012-6126 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15640435">{{cite journal |vauthors=Farma J, Nguyen D |title=Cardiac tamponade |journal=Postgrad Med J |volume=81 |issue=951 |pages=67 |date=January 2005 |pmid=15640435 |pmc=1743187 |doi=10.1136/pgmj.2004.020768 |url=}}</ref>
*[[Chest pain]]
*[[Anxiety]], [[restlessness]]
*[[Chest pain]]- Sharp and stabbing pain which worsens with deep breathing or coughing.
*[[Difficulty breathing]]
*Discomfort, sometimes relieved by sitting upright or leaning forward
*[[Fainting]], [[light-headedness]]
*[[Lightheadedness]]
*[[Low blood pressure]]
*Pale, gray, or [[blue skin]]
*[[Palpitations]]
*[[Palpitations]]
*[[Breathlessness]]
*[[Rapid breathing]]
*[[Tachypnea]]
*[[Shortness of breath]]
*[[Lightheadedness]]
*[[Swelling of the abdomen]] or other areas
*[[Syncope]]/[[presyncope]]
*Weak or [[absent pulse]]


===Symptoms based on etiology===
====Symptoms Based on Etiology====
*[[Weight loss]] and [[cachexia]] in [[malignancy]].
*[[Weight loss]] and [[cachexia]] in [[malignancy]].
*[[Joints]] and [[muscular]] pain in [[connective tissue disorders]].
*[[Joints]] and [[muscular]] pain in [[connective tissue disorders]].
Line 32: Line 40:
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[CME Category::Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Echocardiography]]
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
[[Category:Chest trauma]]
[[Category:Chest trauma]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Diseases involving the fasciae]]
[[Category:Diseases involving the fasciae]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 18:36, 14 April 2020

Cardiac tamponade Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Cardiac Tamponade from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Case Studies

Case #1

Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Google Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms

CDC on Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms

Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms in the news

Blogs on Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms

Directions to Hospitals Treating Type page name here

Risk calculators and risk factors for Cardiac tamponade history and symptoms

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]

Overview

Patients with cardiac tamponade may present with sudden onset of chest pain, palpitations, breathlessness and lightheadedness. Presentation vary with the cause and acuteness of development of tamponade. An acute cardiac tamponade follows trauma to the chest or rupture of the aorta or heart. A sub-acute cardiac tamponade occurs in the setting of a neoplasm or renal failure. A low pressure cardiac tamponade occurs in patients who are hypovolemic secondary to hemorrhage or over diuresis.

History and Symptomes

History

Presentation varies with the cause and spontaneity of the tamponade. Such as:[1][2].

  • Acute: Cardiac tamponade may develop rapidly in the setting of trauma, rupture of the heart or aorta, or as a complication during thoracic surgery. This is often a life threatening condition mandating emergency intervention to relieve high pericardial pressure. These patients may present with features of cardiogenic shock, hypotension, cold clammy extremities, peripheral cyanosis, and decreased urine output.
  • Sub-acute: Patients may be asymptomatic to begin with, but as pericardial fluid accumulates over a few days to weeks, the intrapericardial pressure reaches a threshold and the patients present with peripheral edema in addition to the symptoms listed above. Sub-acute tamponade is associated with neoplastic, uremic, or idiopathic pericarditis.
  • Low pressure cardiac tamponade: This is a subset of sub-acute tamponade. This occurs in patients who are hypovolemic secondary to hemorrhage or over diuresis.

Symptoms

Patients may present with sudden onset of:[3][4][5]

Symptoms Based on Etiology

References

  1. Butala A, Chaudhari S, Sacerdote A (February 2013). "Cardiac tamponade as a presenting manifestation of severe hypothyroidism". BMJ Case Rep. 2013. doi:10.1136/bcr-12-2011-5281. PMC 3603423. PMID 23389717.
  2. Reddy PS, Curtiss EI, Uretsky BF (1990). "Spectrum of hemodynamic changes in cardiac tamponade". Am J Cardiol. 66 (20): 1487–91. PMID 2251997.
  3. Dalia T, Masoomi R, Sahu KK, Gupta K (January 2018). "Cardiac tamponade causing severe reversible hyponatraemia". BMJ Case Rep. 2018. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-222949. PMC 5775762. PMID 29298795.
  4. Carrion DM, Carrion AF (June 2012). "Cardiac tamponade as an initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus". BMJ Case Rep. 2012. doi:10.1136/bcr-03-2012-6126. PMC 4543278. PMID 22693326.
  5. Farma J, Nguyen D (January 2005). "Cardiac tamponade". Postgrad Med J. 81 (951): 67. doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.020768. PMC 1743187. PMID 15640435.


Template:WikiDoc Sources CME Category::Cardiology