Pulseless ventricular tachycardia: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:Pulseless_ventricular_tachycardia.jpg|right|Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]]
{{Infobox_Disease |
 
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image         = Pulseless_ventricular_tachycardia.jpg|
  Caption        = Rythm; Pulseless ventricular tachycardia |
}}
{{Pulseless ventricular tachycardia}}


{{Pulseless ventricular tachycardia}}
[[Image:pulseless ventriculat tachycardia.jpg]]
'''For patient information, click [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information, click [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (patient information)|here]]'''


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{Aisha}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{Aisha}}


{{SK}}
{{SK}} pVT


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia overview|Overview]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia overview|Overview]]==
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia is an often fatal cardiac dysrhythmia where the regular rhythmic contraction of the heart is replaced by non-rhythmic, faster, yet inadequate contractions. These ineffective contractions do not appropriately perfuse the organ, leading to ischemia as well as heart failure. This condition requires immediate medical attention as it is an emergency and can lead to ventricular fibrillation and sudden death.<ref name="pmid32119354">{{cite journal |vauthors=Foglesong A, Mathew D |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=32119354 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia classification|Classification]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia classification|Classification]]==
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia]] as a [[ventricular tachycardia]],  may be classified based on the [[morphology]] of the [[QRS complexes]] into two subtypes/groups: [[monomorphic ventricular tachycardia]], and [[polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]].


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


Rapid abnormal [[automaticity]] and [[triggered activity]] are thought to be the main [[electrophysiological]] mechanisms of pulseless ventricular tachycardia..<ref name="pmid4237287">{{cite journal |vauthors=Armendares S, Pérez Treviño C |title=[Congenital heart diseases in chromosome abnormalities. I. In Down's syndrome (mongolism)] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=Arch Inst Cardiol Mex |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=779–91 |date=1968 |pmid=4237287 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1855225">{{cite journal |vauthors=Buchmann A, Ruggeri B, Klein-Szanto AJ, Balmain A |title=Progression of squamous carcinoma cells to spindle carcinomas of mouse skin is associated with an imbalance of H-ras alleles on chromosome 7 |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=51 |issue=15 |pages=4097–101 |date=August 1991 |pmid=1855225 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid32119354">{{cite journal |vauthors=Foglesong A, Mathew D |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=32119354 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia causess|Causes]]==
 
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia causes|Causes]]==
[[Structural heart disease]] is the most common cause of [[pulseless ventricular tachycardia]]. Other causes include but are not limited to,  drugs/medications, [[congenital heart diseases]], not to mention congenital and inherited [[channelopathies]]. It is important to note that [[QT interval]] lengthening medications, as well as [[electrolyte]] disturbances, can also result in pulseless ventricular tachycardia.<ref name="pmid27484660">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baldzizhar A, Manuylova E, Marchenko R, Kryvalap Y, Carey MG |title=Ventricular Tachycardias: Characteristics and Management |journal=Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=317–29 |date=September 2016 |pmid=27484660 |doi=10.1016/j.cnc.2016.04.004 |url=}}</ref>
 
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Pulseless ventricular tachycardia from other Diseases]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia differential diagnosis|Differentiating Pulseless ventricular tachycardia from other Diseases]]==


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia screening|Screening]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia screening|Screening]]==


==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis]]==
==[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis]]==
On initial presentation, patients with impending [[pulseless ventricular tachycardia]] may present with signs of inadequate [[cardiac perfusion]] such as [[chest pain]], [[shortness of breath]], [[diaphoresis]], [[palpitations]], and [[syncope]].
Physical examination may be positive for [[hypotension]], [[tachycardia]], [[tachypnea]], [[increased JVD]], and an [[S1]]. Eventually, Pulseless ventricular tachycardia ensues and patients become unconscious and unresponsive with no detectable pulse.
If [[defibrillation]] is not begun as soon as possible patients may progress to cardiac arrest and death.
Common complications include but are not limited to anoxic brain injury, ischemic-reperfusion injury, infections, cardiac arrest and death. Prognosis is best if the tachycardia is treated almost immediately after onset. <ref name="pmid32119354">{{cite journal |vauthors=Foglesong A, Mathew D |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=32119354 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid31723926">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kang Y |title=Management of post-cardiac arrest syndrome |journal=Acute Crit Care |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=173–178 |date=August 2019 |pmid=31723926 |pmc=6849015 |doi=10.4266/acc.2019.00654 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid31200920">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kang JY, Kim YJ, Shin YJ, Huh JW, Hong SB, Kim WY |title=Association Between Time to Defibrillation and Neurologic Outcome in Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest |journal=Am. J. Med. Sci. |volume=358 |issue=2 |pages=143–148 |date=August 2019 |pmid=31200920 |doi=10.1016/j.amjms.2019.05.003 |url=}}</ref>


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic study of choice]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia x ray|X-Ray Findings]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia echocardiography and ultrasound|Echocardiography and Ultrasound]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia CT scan|CT-Scan Findings]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia MRI|MRI Findings]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[ Pulseless ventricular_tachycardia_physical_examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia x ray|X-ray]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia echocardiography and ultrasound|Echocardiography]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia MRI|Cardiac MRI]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
 
==Treatment ==


==Treatment==
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia interventions|Interventions]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia surgery|Surgery]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] |[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
[[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia interventions|Interventions]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia surgery|Surgery]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Pulseless ventricular tachycardia future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


==Case Studies==
==Case Studies==
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Latest revision as of 01:03, 10 July 2020


Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Rythm; Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pulseless ventricular tachycardia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography

Cardiac MRI

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aisha Adigun, B.Sc., M.D.[2]

Synonyms and keywords: pVT

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pulseless ventricular tachycardia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-ray | Echocardiography | Cardiac MRI | Other Diagnostic Studies |

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention |Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies |

Case Studies

Case #1

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