Anorexia (symptom): Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | {{SI}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Ochuko}} | ||
{{SK}} poor appetite, loss of appetite | {{SK}} poor appetite, loss of appetite | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Anorexia (deriving from the [[Greek language|Greek]] "α(ν)-" (''a(n)-'', a prefix that denotes absence) + "όρεξη'' (orexe)</i> = appetite) is the decreased sensation of [[appetite]]. While the term in non-scientific publications is often used interchangeably with [[anorexia nervosa]], many possible causes exist for a decreased appetite, some of which may be harmless, while others indicate a serious clinical condition, or pose a significant risk. | Anorexia (deriving from the [[Greek language|Greek]] "α(ν)-" (''a(n)-'', a prefix that denotes absence) + "όρεξη'' (orexe)</i> = appetite) is the decreased sensation of [[appetite]]. While the term in non-scientific publications is often used interchangeably with [[anorexia nervosa]], many possible causes exist for a decreased appetite, some of which may be harmless, while others indicate a serious clinical condition, or pose a significant risk. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Life Threatening Causes=== | |||
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. | |||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
* [[Anorexia nervosa]] | * [[Anorexia nervosa]] | ||
* | * [[clinical depression|Severe depression]] | ||
* [[Cancer]] | * [[Cancer]] | ||
* [[Dementia]] | * [[Dementia]] | ||
* [[AIDS]] | * [[AIDS]] | ||
* [[Chronic renal failure]] | * [[Chronic renal failure]] | ||
* Drugs | * [[Drugs]] | ||
**[[Stimulants]] | **[[Stimulants]] | ||
**[[Narcotics]] | **[[Narcotics]] | ||
* | **[[Doxycycline]] | ||
**[[Altitude sickness]] | **[[Probenecid]] | ||
* [[Altitude sickness]] | |||
* [[Congestive heart failure]] | * [[Congestive heart failure]] | ||
* | * [[Liver congestion]] | ||
===Causes by Organ System=== | ===Causes by Organ System=== | ||
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| '''Chemical / poisoning''' | | '''Chemical / poisoning''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chromotherapy]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chromotherapy]], [[retinoid]], [[theobromine]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Drug Side Effect''' | | '''Drug Side Effect''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aciclovir]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Aciclovir]], [[amphetamine ]], [[amphotericin B]], [[antidepressants]], [[aprepitant]], [[benzodiazepine]], [[benzylpiperazine]], [[calcitriol]], [[caspofungin acetate]], [[chromotherapy]], [[cocaine]], [[cyclophosphamide]], [[dextromethamphetamine]], [[dextromethylphenidate]], [[diacetylmorphine]], [[diflunisal]], [[doxycycline]], [[enfuvirtide]], [[febuxostat]], [[fluconazole]], [[fluvoxamine]], [[gold salts]], [[hydralazine]], [[hydrochlorothiazide]], [[ivermectin]], [[ketorolac]], [[leptoprin]], [[methylphenidate]], [[mifepristone]], [[minocycline hydrochloride]], [[mirtazapine]], [[modafinil]], [[moxifloxacin]], [[naltrexone]], [[paroxetine]], [[pipradrol]], [[piroxicam]], [[probenecid]],[[pyrazinamide]], [[ribavirin]], [[rifaximin]], [[rivastigmine]], [[siltuximab]], [[sorafenib]], [[St John's wort]], [[stimulants]], [[theobromine]], [[topiramate]], [[tretinoin]], [[valaciclovir]], [[ziconotide]], [[zidovudine]], [[zopiclone]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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| '''Endocrine''' | | '''Endocrine''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[binge eating]], [[bulimia nervosa]], [[carotenodermia]], [[diabetic neuropathy]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Gastroenterologic''' | | '''Gastroenterologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]], [[anorexia nervosa]], [[appendicitis]], [[binge eating]], [[colorectal cancer]], [[Crohn's Disease]], [[defensive vomiting]], [[hepatitis]], [[hepatitis E]], [[hymenolepiasis]], [[hypervitaminosis D]], [[Lábrea fever]], [[milk-alkali syndrome]], [[superior mesenteric artery syndrome]], [[ulcerative colitis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Infectious Disease''' | | '''Infectious Disease''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]], [[AIDS]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]], [[AIDS]], [[astroviridae]], [[Chagas disease]], [[community-acquired pneumonia]], [[cryptosporidium parvum]], [[encephalitis]], [[hepatitis]], [[hepatitis E]], [[mumps]], [[Oropouche fever]], [[pneumonia]], [[Pott's disease]], [[relapsing fever]], [[rhinovirus]], [[COVID-19-associated anorexia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Neurologic''' | | '''Neurologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[craniopharyngioma]], [[dementia]], [[encephalitis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Oncologic''' | | '''Oncologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chromotherapy]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chromotherapy]], [[colorectal cancer]], [[craniopharyngioma]], [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Overdose / Toxicity''' | | '''Overdose / Toxicity''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute radiation syndrome]] , [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute radiation syndrome]] , [[chromotherapy]], [[cocaine]], [[gold salts]] , [[hypervitaminosis D]], [[vitamin A]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Psychiatric''' | | '''Psychiatric''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia nervosa]], [[binge eating]], [[borderline personality disorder]], [[bulimia nervosa]], [[clinical depression]], [[defensive vomiting]], [[dementia]], [[depression]], [[hangover]], [[obsessive-compulsive disorder]], [[opioid dependency]], [[orthorexia nervosa]], [[panic disorder]] | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Pulmonary''' | | '''Pulmonary''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)]], [[atypical pneumonia]], [[community-acquired pneumonia]], [[pneumonia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Renal / Electrolyte''' | | '''Renal / Electrolyte''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic renal failure]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic renal failure]], [[diabetic neuropathy]], [[hangover]], [[hypercalcemia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Urologic''' | | '''Urologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic renal failure]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic renal failure]], [[diabetic neuropathy]], [[hypercalcemia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Miscellaneous''' | | '''Miscellaneous''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic mountain sickness]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Chronic mountain sickness]], [[high altitude]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
{{columns-list| | |||
*[[Aciclovir]] | *[[Aciclovir]] | ||
*[[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]] | *[[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy]] | ||
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*[[Antidepressants]] | *[[Antidepressants]] | ||
*[[Appendicitis]] | *[[Appendicitis]] | ||
*[[Aprepitant]] | |||
*[[Astroviridae]] | *[[Astroviridae]] | ||
*[[Atypical pneumonia]] | *[[Atypical pneumonia]] | ||
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*[[Crohn's Disease]] | *[[Crohn's Disease]] | ||
*[[Cryptosporidium parvum]] | *[[Cryptosporidium parvum]] | ||
*[[Cyclophosphamide]] | |||
*[[Cytauxzoonosis]] | *[[Cytauxzoonosis]] | ||
*[[Defensive vomiting]] | *[[Defensive vomiting]] | ||
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*[[Diabetic nephropathy]] | *[[Diabetic nephropathy]] | ||
*[[Diacetylmorphine]] | *[[Diacetylmorphine]] | ||
*[[Efavirenz]] | |||
*[[Encephalitis]] | *[[Encephalitis]] | ||
*[[Enfuvirtide]] | *[[Enfuvirtide]] | ||
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*[[Hypercalcemia]] | *[[Hypercalcemia]] | ||
*[[Hypervitaminosis D]] | *[[Hypervitaminosis D]] | ||
*[[anorexia|Infection-induced anorexia]] <ref name="pmid9468766">{{cite journal| author=Exton MS| title=Infection-induced anorexia: active host defence strategy. | journal=Appetite | year= 1997 | volume= 29 | issue= 3 | pages= 369-83 | pmid=9468766 | doi=10.1006/appe.1997.0116 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9468766 }} </ref><ref name="pmid283688">{{cite journal| author=Murray MJ, Murray AB| title=Anorexia of infection as a mechanism of host defense. | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year= 1979 | volume= 32 | issue= 3 | pages= 593-6 | pmid=283688 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=283688 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Ketorolac]] | *[[Ketorolac]] | ||
*[[Lábrea fever]] | *[[Lábrea fever]] | ||
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*[[Medical cannabis]] | *[[Medical cannabis]] | ||
*[[Methylphenidate]] | *[[Methylphenidate]] | ||
*[[Mifepristone]] | |||
*[[Milk-alkali syndrome]] | *[[Milk-alkali syndrome]] | ||
*[[Mirtazapine]] | *[[Mirtazapine]] | ||
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*[[Orthorexia nervosa]] | *[[Orthorexia nervosa]] | ||
*[[Panic disorder]] | *[[Panic disorder]] | ||
*[[Paroxetine]] | |||
*[[Pipradrol]] | *[[Pipradrol]] | ||
*[[Piroxicam]] | |||
*[[Pneumonia]] | *[[Pneumonia]] | ||
*[[Pott's disease]] | *[[Pott's disease]] | ||
*[[Probenecid]] | |||
*[[Pyrazinamide]] | *[[Pyrazinamide]] | ||
*[[Relapsing fever]] | *[[Relapsing fever]] | ||
*[[Retinoid]] | *[[Retinoid]] | ||
*[[Rhinovirus]] | *[[Rhinovirus]] | ||
* | *[[Ribavirin]] | ||
*[[Siltuximab]] | |||
*[[Sofosbuvir]] | |||
*[[Sorafenib]] | |||
*[[Sporotrichosis]] | *[[Sporotrichosis]] | ||
*[[St John's wort]] | *[[St John's wort]] | ||
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*[[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]] | *[[Superior mesenteric artery syndrome]] | ||
*[[Theobromine]] | *[[Theobromine]] | ||
*[[Tretinoin]] | |||
*[[Ulcerative colitis]] | *[[Ulcerative colitis]] | ||
*[[Valaciclovir]] | *[[Valaciclovir]] | ||
*[[Vitamin A]] | *[[Vitamin A]] | ||
*[[Ziconotide]] | *[[Ziconotide]] | ||
*[[Zidovudine]] | |||
*[[Zopiclone]] | *[[Zopiclone]] | ||
}} | |||
==References== | ==References== |
Latest revision as of 06:23, 17 July 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]
Synonyms and keywords: poor appetite, loss of appetite
Overview
Anorexia (deriving from the Greek "α(ν)-" (a(n)-, a prefix that denotes absence) + "όρεξη (orexe) = appetite) is the decreased sensation of appetite. While the term in non-scientific publications is often used interchangeably with anorexia nervosa, many possible causes exist for a decreased appetite, some of which may be harmless, while others indicate a serious clinical condition, or pose a significant risk.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
- Anorexia nervosa
- Severe depression
- Cancer
- Dementia
- AIDS
- Chronic renal failure
- Drugs
- Altitude sickness
- Congestive heart failure
- Liver congestion
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Aciclovir
- Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
- Acute radiation syndrome
- Acute viral nasopharyngitis (common cold)
- AIDS
- Amphetamine
- Amphotericin B
- Anorexia nervosa
- Antidepressants
- Appendicitis
- Aprepitant
- Astroviridae
- Atypical pneumonia
- Benzylpiperazine
- Binge eating
- Borderline personality disorder
- Bulimia
- Calcitriol
- Carotenodermia
- Chagas disease
- Chromotherapy
- Chronic fatigue syndrome
- Chronic mountain sickness
- Chronic renal failure
- Clinical depression
- Cocaine
- Colorectal cancer
- Community-acquired pneumonia
- Congestive heart failure
- Craniopharyngioma
- Crohn's Disease
- Cryptosporidium parvum
- Cyclophosphamide
- Cytauxzoonosis
- Defensive vomiting
- Dementia
- Depression
- Dextromethamphetamine
- Dextromethylphenidate
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Diacetylmorphine
- Efavirenz
- Encephalitis
- Enfuvirtide
- Fluconazole
- Gold salts
- Hangover
- Hepatitis
- Hepatitis E
- High altitude
- Hydralazine
- Hymenolepiasis
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypervitaminosis D
- Infection-induced anorexia [1][2]
- Ketorolac
- Lábrea fever
- Leptoprin
- Marbofloxacin
- Mastoiditis
- Medical cannabis
- Methylphenidate
- Mifepristone
- Milk-alkali syndrome
- Mirtazapine
- Modafinil
- Moxifloxacin
- Mumps
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Opioid dependency
- Oropouche fever
- Orthorexia nervosa
- Panic disorder
- Paroxetine
- Pipradrol
- Piroxicam
- Pneumonia
- Pott's disease
- Probenecid
- Pyrazinamide
- Relapsing fever
- Retinoid
- Rhinovirus
- Ribavirin
- Siltuximab
- Sofosbuvir
- Sorafenib
- Sporotrichosis
- St John's wort
- Stimulants
- Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
- Theobromine
- Tretinoin
- Ulcerative colitis
- Valaciclovir
- Vitamin A
- Ziconotide
- Zidovudine
- Zopiclone
References
- ↑ Exton MS (1997). "Infection-induced anorexia: active host defence strategy". Appetite. 29 (3): 369–83. doi:10.1006/appe.1997.0116. PMID 9468766.
- ↑ Murray MJ, Murray AB (1979). "Anorexia of infection as a mechanism of host defense". Am J Clin Nutr. 32 (3): 593–6. PMID 283688.
Template:General symptoms and signs
bg:Анорексия (симптом) ca:Anorèxia de:Anorexie eu:Anorexia io:Anorexio it:Anoressia lb:Anorexie nl:Anorexie sl:Anoreksija