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'''For patient information click [[Sleeping sickness (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[Sleeping sickness (patient information)|here]]'''


{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} Pilar Almonacid
{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} Pilar Almonacid ; {{ADG}}


{{SK}} Sleeping sickness; Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense; Rhodesian trypanosomiasis; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense; Gambian trypanosomiasis; Human African trypanosomiasis
{{SK}} Sleeping sickness; Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense; Rhodesian trypanosomiasis; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense; Gambian trypanosomiasis; Human African trypanosomiasis; West African sleeping sickness;  East African sleeping sickness.


==[[African trypanosomiasis overview|Overview]]==
==[[African trypanosomiasis overview|Overview]]==
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==Case Studies==
==Case Studies==
[[African trypanosomiasis case study one|Case #1]]
==Life Cycle==
During a blood meal on the mammalian host, an infected tsetse fly (genus ''Glossina'') injects metacyclic trypomastigotes into skin tissue. The parasites enter the lymphatic system and pass into the bloodstream (1). Inside the host, they transform into bloodstream trypomastigotes (2), are carried to other sites throughout the body, reach other blood fluids (e.g., lymph, spinal fluid), and continue the replication by binary fission (3). The entire life cycle of African trypanosomes is represented by extracellular stages. The tsetse fly becomes infected with bloodstream trypomastigotes when taking a blood meal on an infected mammalian host (4),(5)). In the fly’s midgut, the parasites transform into procyclic trypomastigotes, multiply by binary fission (6), leave the midgut, and transform into epimastigotes (7) . The epimastigotes reach the fly’s salivary glands and continue multiplication by binary fission (8). The cycle in the fly takes approximately 3 weeks. Humans are the main reservoir for ''Trypanosoma brucei gambiense'', but this species can also be found in animals. Wild game animals are the main reservoir of ''T. b. rhodesiense''.
<gallery widths=200px>
AfrTryp_LifeCycle.gif | Life Cycle of ''Trypanosoma brucei'' <br> [http://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/trypanosomiasisafrican/ <font size="-2">''Adapted from CDC''</font>]
</gallery>


{{Protozoal diseases}}
{{Protozoal diseases}}
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Euglenozoa]]
[[Category:Sleep disorders]]
[[Category:Neglected diseases]]
[[Category:Insect-borne diseases]]

Latest revision as of 20:19, 29 July 2020

Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox

African trypanosomiasis Microchapters

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Overview

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For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Pilar Almonacid ; Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Sleeping sickness; Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense; Rhodesian trypanosomiasis; Trypanosoma brucei gambiense; Gambian trypanosomiasis; Human African trypanosomiasis; West African sleeping sickness; East African sleeping sickness.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating African trypanosomiasis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Template:Protozoal diseases

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