African trypanosomiasis risk factors: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care) |
||
| (17 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{African trypanosomiasis}} | {{African trypanosomiasis}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADG}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
Risk factors for [[African trypanosomiasis]] include residence in Central or South America, living in old houses with mud and stick wall constructions or straw roofs, [[ingestion]] of contaminated water, or receiving [[blood transfusions]] or [[organ donation]] from individuals in regions with high [[Endemic|endemicity]]. The risk of [[infection]] increases with the number of times a person is bitten by the [[Tsetse fly|tsetse fly.]] The [[neonatal]] risk is highest among those who [[Breastfeeding|breastfeed]] from [[bleeding]] or cracked nipples of [[infected]] mothers and infants who are delivered from [[seropositive]] mothers with active [[disease]]. | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Common [[risk factors]] in the development of [[African trypanosomiasis]] include:<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/trypanosomiasis/factsht_ea_trypanosomiasis.htm#what http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/trypanosomiasis/factsht_wa_trypanosomiasis.htm#Top</ref> | |||
* Living in Central or South America | |||
* Residing in a house constructed before the year 2000 | |||
* Exposure to either wall constructions composed of mud and sticks or straw roofs | |||
* [[Ingestion]] of [[Contamination|contaminated]] water | |||
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/trypanosomiasis/factsht_wa_trypanosomiasis.htm#Top</ref> | * Living in a hut where [[Reduviidae|reduvid]] bugs live in the walls | ||
* Poverty | |||
In addition to the bite of the tsetse fly, the disease is contractible in the following ways: | * Receiving either a [[blood transfusion]] or an [[organ transplant]] from a person in regions with high [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemicity]] | ||
* | * [[Maternal]] [[seropositivity]] and exacerbation of [[infection]] during [[pregnancy]] | ||
*Laboratories: | * [[Bleeding]]/cracked nipples of infected mother during [[breastfeeding]] | ||
*Blood transfusion | * [[Immunosuppression]] | ||
In addition to the bite of the [[tsetse fly]], the [[disease]] is [[Contraction|contractible]] in the following ways: | |||
*[[Vertical transmission]]: | |||
**The [[trypanosome]] can cross the [[placenta]] and infect the [[fetus]], causing [[perinatal death]] | |||
*[[Laboratories]]: | |||
**Accidental [[infections]] (for example, through the handling of [[blood]] of an [[infected]] person or [[organ transplantation]], although this is uncommon) | |||
*[[Blood transfusion]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 20: | Line 28: | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | |||
[[Category:Neurology]] | [[Category:Neurology]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 20:19, 29 July 2020
|
African trypanosomiasis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
African trypanosomiasis risk factors On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of African trypanosomiasis risk factors |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for African trypanosomiasis risk factors |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Risk factors for African trypanosomiasis include residence in Central or South America, living in old houses with mud and stick wall constructions or straw roofs, ingestion of contaminated water, or receiving blood transfusions or organ donation from individuals in regions with high endemicity. The risk of infection increases with the number of times a person is bitten by the tsetse fly. The neonatal risk is highest among those who breastfeed from bleeding or cracked nipples of infected mothers and infants who are delivered from seropositive mothers with active disease.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of African trypanosomiasis include:[1]
- Living in Central or South America
- Residing in a house constructed before the year 2000
- Exposure to either wall constructions composed of mud and sticks or straw roofs
- Ingestion of contaminated water
- Living in a hut where reduvid bugs live in the walls
- Poverty
- Receiving either a blood transfusion or an organ transplant from a person in regions with high endemicity
- Maternal seropositivity and exacerbation of infection during pregnancy
- Bleeding/cracked nipples of infected mother during breastfeeding
- Immunosuppression
In addition to the bite of the tsetse fly, the disease is contractible in the following ways:
- Vertical transmission:
- The trypanosome can cross the placenta and infect the fetus, causing perinatal death
- Laboratories:
- Accidental infections (for example, through the handling of blood of an infected person or organ transplantation, although this is uncommon)
- Blood transfusion