Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
Michael Maddaleni (talk | contribs)
nocaptcha
16,504 edits
WikiBot (talk | contribs)
Bots, Bureaucrats, bureaucrats, interwiki, nocaptcha, Administrators
57,550 edits
m Bot: Removing from Primary care
 
(109 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{CMG}}
__NOTOC__
 
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ARK}}
{{Chickenpox}}
{{Chickenpox}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
The [[incidence]] of [[chickenpox]] varies among various age groups. [[Varicella]] commonly affects children less than 10 years of age with the highest [[incidence]] among children 1-4 years of age. The [[incidence]] of [[chickenpox]] for children between 0 to 4 years of age is 5234 per 100,000 individuals. Between the years 1990-1994, the [[case fatality rate]] of [[chickenpox]] in the US/UK was 2-3 per 100,000 individuals. In developed countries, [[chickenpox]] causes around 3 deaths per 100,000 individuals.


==Epidemiology==
==Epidemiology==
Primary [[varicella]] is an [[endemic]] [[disease]]. Cases of varicella are seen throughout the year but, like other viruses spread by the [[respiratory]] route eg. [[measles]] and [[rubella]], they are seen more commonly in the winter and early spring. This is unlike that for [[enteroviruses]] and lends some support to the view that varicella is spread mainly by the respiratory route. [[Herpes zoster]], in contrast, occurs sporadically and evenly throughout the year. Varicella is one of the classic diseases of childhood, with the highest prevalence occurring in the 4 - 10 years old age group. Like rubella, infection is uncommon in preschool children. Varicella is highly communicable, with an attack rate of 90% in close contacts. Most people become infected before adulthood but 10% of young adults remain susceptible. However, this pattern of [[infection]] is not universal, eg. in rural India, varicella is predominantly a disease of adults, the mean age of infection being 23.4 years. It was suggested that this could be due to interference by other respiratory [[viruses]] that the children are exposed to at an early age.<ref name="EpidemiologyURL">{{cite web
|url=http://virology-online.com/viruses/VZV3.htm
|title=Epidemiology of Varicella Zoster Virus Infection, Epidemiology of VZV Infection, Epidemiology of Chicken Pox, Epidemiology of Shingles
|format=
|work=
|accessdate=2008-04-22
}}</ref>


Historically, varicella has been a disease predominantly affecting preschool and school-aged children. Although mostly noted in preschool and primary levels, the said disease has also been noticed among adults, with the pocks being darker and the [[scars]] more prominent than their younger counterparts.<ref name="EpidemiologyURL"/>
===Incidence===
 
The [[incidence]] of [[chickenpox]] varies among various age groups. The [[incidence]] rates per 100,000 persons in each age group were as follow:
*For age groups 0 to 4 years 5234 per 100,000 individuals
*For age groups 5 to 9 years 4132 per 100,000 individuals
*For age groups 10 to 14 years 1404 per 100,000 individuals
*For age groups 15 to 19 years 610 per 100,000 individuals
*For age groups >20 years 175 per 100,000 individuals
The rates of [[incidence]] of [[chickenpox]] declines for older age groups.<ref name="pmid7658062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Choo PW, Donahue JG, Manson JE, Platt R |title=The epidemiology of varicella and its complications |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=172 |issue=3 |pages=706–12 |year=1995 |pmid=7658062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
[[Image:Chickenpox Graph 1.jpg|center|thumb|500px|Source: https://www.cdc.gov/]]
 
===Case Fatality Rate===
Between the years 1990-1994,  case fatality rate in the US/UK is 2-3 per 100,000.
*The [[case fatality rate]] among children was 1 per 100,000.
*In 2008 the [[case fatality rate]] in Brazil estimated [[case fatality rate]] is 4 per 100,000. <ref name="urlwww.who.int">{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/april/2_SAGE_April_VZV_Seward_Varicella.pdf |title=www.who.int |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*In 2000 the [[case fatality rate]] in Guinea Bissau was approximately 129 per 100,000 cases, 50 times higher than US/UK.
*In 1970, the [[case fatality rate]] in India among adults was 52 per 100,000 cases, 20 times higher than US/UK.
*Worldwide, the [[case fatality rate]] among adults was 20-25 per 100,000. <ref name="urlwww.who.int">{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/april/2_SAGE_April_VZV_Seward_Varicella.pdf |title=www.who.int |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
[[Image:VZV - Case Fatality Rate.jpg|center|500px|source: WHO.int]]
 
==Demographics==
 
===Age===
*The [[prevalence]] of chicken pox decreases with age.
*Varicella commonly affects children less than 10 years of age with the highest [[incidence]] among children 1-4 years of age.
[[Image:VZV_-_Age 2.jpg|center|600px|source: WHO.int]]
[[Image:Chickenpox Graph 3.jpg|center|600px|source: WHO.int]]
 
===Gender===
 
*The [[prevalence]] and [[incidence]] of chickenpox generally do not vary by gender.
*Chickenpox is more prevalent in females between the ages of 15 - 24 as compared to males.<ref name="pmid14979582">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fleming DM, Cross KW, Cobb WA, Chapman RS |title=Gender difference in the incidence of shingles |journal=Epidemiol. Infect. |volume=132 |issue=1 |pages=1–5 |year=2004 |pmid=14979582 |pmc=2870070 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 
===Race===
*There is no racial predilection for chickenpox.
 
===Developed Countries===
The [[epidemiology]] and [[demographics]] of chickenpox in developed countries are as follows:<ref name="urlwww.who.int">{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/april/2_SAGE_April_VZV_Seward_Varicella.pdf |title=www.who.int |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 
*[[Incidence]]
**1500 – 1600 per 100,000 persons per year
*[[Case fatality rate|Case-fatality rate]]
**3 deaths per 100,000 cases
 
==Gallery==
 
<gallery>
Image:Chickenpox Graph 1.jpg
Image:Chickenpox Graph 2.jpg
Image:Chickenpox Graph 3.jpg
Image:VZV_-_Case Fatality Rate.jpg
Image:VZV_-_Age 2.jpg
 
Image: Chickenpox40.jpeg| Varicella cases and states reporting, United States, 1972-1996. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]

Latest revision as of 20:53, 29 July 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]

Chickenpox Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Chickenpox from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

CT scan

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics

CDC on Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics

Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics in the news

Blogs on Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics

Directions to Hospitals Treating Chickenpox

Risk calculators and risk factors for Chickenpox epidemiology and demographics

Overview

The incidence of chickenpox varies among various age groups. Varicella commonly affects children less than 10 years of age with the highest incidence among children 1-4 years of age. The incidence of chickenpox for children between 0 to 4 years of age is 5234 per 100,000 individuals. Between the years 1990-1994, the case fatality rate of chickenpox in the US/UK was 2-3 per 100,000 individuals. In developed countries, chickenpox causes around 3 deaths per 100,000 individuals.

Epidemiology

Incidence

The incidence of chickenpox varies among various age groups. The incidence rates per 100,000 persons in each age group were as follow:

  • For age groups 0 to 4 years 5234 per 100,000 individuals
  • For age groups 5 to 9 years 4132 per 100,000 individuals
  • For age groups 10 to 14 years 1404 per 100,000 individuals
  • For age groups 15 to 19 years 610 per 100,000 individuals
  • For age groups >20 years 175 per 100,000 individuals

The rates of incidence of chickenpox declines for older age groups.[1]

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/

Case Fatality Rate

Between the years 1990-1994, case fatality rate in the US/UK is 2-3 per 100,000.

source: WHO.int
source: WHO.int

Demographics

Age

  • The prevalence of chicken pox decreases with age.
  • Varicella commonly affects children less than 10 years of age with the highest incidence among children 1-4 years of age.
source: WHO.int
source: WHO.int
source: WHO.int
source: WHO.int

Gender

  • The prevalence and incidence of chickenpox generally do not vary by gender.
  • Chickenpox is more prevalent in females between the ages of 15 - 24 as compared to males.[3]

Race

  • There is no racial predilection for chickenpox.

Developed Countries

The epidemiology and demographics of chickenpox in developed countries are as follows:[2]

Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Choo PW, Donahue JG, Manson JE, Platt R (1995). "The epidemiology of varicella and its complications". J. Infect. Dis. 172 (3): 706–12. PMID 7658062.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "www.who.int" (PDF).
  3. ↑ Fleming DM, Cross KW, Cobb WA, Chapman RS (2004). "Gender difference in the incidence of shingles". Epidemiol. Infect. 132 (1): 1–5. PMC 2870070. PMID 14979582.
  4. ↑ "Public Health Image Library (PHIL)".


Template:WikiDoc Sources

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Chickenpox_epidemiology_and_demographics&oldid=1635904"