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{{Community-acquired pneumonia}}
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==Overview==
Common symptoms of pneumonia include [[cough]], [[fever]], [[dyspnea]], and [[chest pain]]. Atypical symptoms include arthralgia, headaches, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Elderly patients do not always show the classical signs of pneumonia, and may often present with delirium, confusion, falls, and hypothermia.


==Overview==
==History==
An acute infection of the lung parenchyma in a previously normal individual who acquired infection from the community is termed as community acquired pneumonia.  It is different than ventilator and healthcare associated pneumonia.  It is a more serious condition and has a high morbidity.
Important components in a patient's history when he/she is presenting with symptoms suggestive of pneumonia include:
* Duration of symptoms
* Fever pattern
* Productive or dry cough
* Characteristics of sputum
* Presence of chest pain
* Presence of hemoptysis
* Recent sick contacts
* Travel history
* Smoking history
* History of other pulmonary conditions
* Recent hospital/health-care facility admission
* Antibiotic use
 
==Symptoms==


==History and Symptoms==
===Common Symptoms===
*The common features of community acquired pneumonia are:
*The common features of community acquired pneumonia are:
#[[Fever]]
#[[Fever]]
Line 18: Line 34:
#Watery or clear fluid points out towards atypical bacteria and virus.
#Watery or clear fluid points out towards atypical bacteria and virus.
#Rusty coloured sputum is more typical of pneumococal pneumonia.
#Rusty coloured sputum is more typical of pneumococal pneumonia.
 
#Rapid, shallow breathing
===Atypical or uncommon symptoms===
*The other atypical or less common features of pneumonia are:<ref name="Marrie-1994">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Marrie | first1 = TJ. | title = Community-acquired pneumonia. | journal = Clin Infect Dis | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 501-13; quiz 514-5 | month = Apr | year = 1994 | doi =  | PMID = 8038304 }}</ref>
*The other atypical or less common features of pneumonia are:<ref name="Marrie-1994">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Marrie | first1 = TJ. | title = Community-acquired pneumonia. | journal = Clin Infect Dis | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 501-13; quiz 514-5 | month = Apr | year = 1994 | doi =  | PMID = 8038304 }}</ref>
#Fever with chills or rigors
#[[Fever]] with [[chills]] or [[rigors]]
#Other system may also be involved like gastrointestinal which present with nausea , vomiting and diarrhea.
#Other system may also be involved like gastrointestinal which present with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
#If pneumonia is very severe the patient may also have altered consciousness.
#If pneumonia is very severe the patient may also have altered consciousness.
* [[Anorexia]]
* [[Arthralgia]]
* [[Cyanosis]]
* [[Fatigue]]
* [[Headache]]s
* [[Hemoptysis]]
* [[Myalgia]]


===Elderly===
The manifestations of pneumonia, like those for many conditions, might not be typical in older people. They may instead experience:
*Confusion<ref name="Waterer-2006">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Waterer | first1 = GW. | last2 = Kessler | first2 = LA. | last3 = Wunderink | first3 = RG. | title = Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia. | journal = Chest | volume = 130 | issue = 1 | pages = 11-5 | month = Jul | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1378/chest.130.1.11 | PMID = 16840376 }}</ref>
* [[Delirium]]
* Falls
* [[Hypothermia]]
===Infant===
* Increased sleepiness
* [[Jaundice]]
* Feeding difficulties{{ref|Metaly}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}


[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Needs content]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Pneumonia|Pneumonia]]
[[Category:Pneumonia|Pneumonia]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:primary care]]
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Latest revision as of 21:02, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chetan Lokhande, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Common symptoms of pneumonia include cough, fever, dyspnea, and chest pain. Atypical symptoms include arthralgia, headaches, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Elderly patients do not always show the classical signs of pneumonia, and may often present with delirium, confusion, falls, and hypothermia.

History

Important components in a patient's history when he/she is presenting with symptoms suggestive of pneumonia include:

  • Duration of symptoms
  • Fever pattern
  • Productive or dry cough
  • Characteristics of sputum
  • Presence of chest pain
  • Presence of hemoptysis
  • Recent sick contacts
  • Travel history
  • Smoking history
  • History of other pulmonary conditions
  • Recent hospital/health-care facility admission
  • Antibiotic use

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

  • The common features of community acquired pneumonia are:
  1. Fever
  2. Cough
  3. Chest pain mainly pleuritic type
  4. Dyspnea
  5. Sputum production
  • Sputum color may help in detecting the causative agent of the pneumonia.
  1. Mucopurulent is a typical feature suggesting bacterial etiology
  2. Watery or clear fluid points out towards atypical bacteria and virus.
  3. Rusty coloured sputum is more typical of pneumococal pneumonia.
  4. Rapid, shallow breathing

Atypical or uncommon symptoms

  • The other atypical or less common features of pneumonia are:[1]
  1. Fever with chills or rigors
  2. Other system may also be involved like gastrointestinal which present with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
  3. If pneumonia is very severe the patient may also have altered consciousness.

Elderly

The manifestations of pneumonia, like those for many conditions, might not be typical in older people. They may instead experience:

Infant

References

  1. ↑ Marrie, TJ. (1994). "Community-acquired pneumonia". Clin Infect Dis. 18 (4): 501–13, quiz 514-5. PMID 8038304. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Waterer, GW.; Kessler, LA.; Wunderink, RG. (2006). "Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia". Chest. 130 (1): 11–5. doi:10.1378/chest.130.1.11. PMID 16840376. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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