Diverticulitis causes: Difference between revisions

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{{Diverticulitis}}
{{Diverticulitis}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CZ}}; {{Ochuko}}
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Image:Diverticula, sigmoid colon.jpg|thumb|left|Large bowel (sigmoid colon) showing multiple diverticula. Note how the diverticula appear on either side of the longitudinal muscle bundle (taenium).]]
Common causes of diverticulitis include [[diverticulosis]], a low-fiber diet, [[constipation]], [[abdominal distension]], and [[Meckel's diverticulum]].
Although not proven, the dominant theory is that a low-fiber diet causes diverticular disease. The disease was first noticed in the United States in the early 1900s, around the time processed foods were introduced into the American diet. Doctors are not certain what causes diverticula to become inflamed. The inflammation may begin when bacteria or stool are caught in the diverticula. An attack of diverticulitis can develop suddenly and without warning.Consumption of processed foods greatly reduced Americans’ fiber intake.
 
Diverticular disease is common in developed or industrialized countries—particularly the United States, England, and Australia—where low-fiber diets are consumed. The disease is rare in Asia and Africa, where most people eat high-fiber diets.
 
Fiber is the part of fruits, vegetables, and grains that the body cannot digest. Some fiber, called soluble fiber, dissolves easily in water. It takes on a soft, jelly-like texture in the intestines. Insoluble fiber passes almost unchanged through the intestines. Both kinds of fiber help prevent constipation by making stools soft and easy to pass.
 
Constipation—or hard stool—may cause people to strain when passing stool during a bowel movement. Straining may cause increased pressure in the colon, which may cause the colon lining to bulge out through weak spots in the colon wall. These bulges are diverticula.
 
Lack of exercise also may be associated with a greater risk of forming diverticula, although the reasons for this are not well understood.


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
*Low dietary fiber
Common causes of diverticulitis include the following:<ref name="pmid25497007">{{cite journal| author=Bugiantella W, Rondelli F, Longaroni M, Mariani E, Sanguinetti A, Avenia N| title=Left colon acute diverticulitis: an update on diagnosis, treatment and prevention. | journal=Int J Surg | year= 2015 | volume= 13 | issue=  | pages= 157-64 | pmid=25497007 | doi=10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.12.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25497007  }}</ref>
*[[Constipation]]
*Lack of exercise
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*[[Abdominal distension]]
*[[Abdominal distension]]
*[[Abdominal mass]]
*[[Constipation]]
*[[Constipation]]
*[[Dextropropoxyphene]]
*[[Dextropropoxyphene]]
*[[Diverticulosis]]
*[[Diverticulosis]]
*[[Gastrointestinal perforation]]
*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]
*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]
*Lack of exercise
*Lack of exercise
*[[Liver abscess]]
*Low dietary fiber
*Low dietary fiber
*[[Lower gastrointestinal bleeding]]
*[[Meckel's diverticulum]]
*[[Meckel's diverticulum]]
===Causes by Organ System===
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Dextropropoxyphene]], [[fesoterodine]], [[pramipexole]], [[sertraline]], [[tocilizumab]]
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Abdominal distension]], [[constipation]], [[diverticulosis]], [[irritable bowel syndrome]], low dietary fiber, [[Meckel's diverticulum]]
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Lack of exercise, [[abdominal distension]], [[constipation]], [[low dietary fiber]]
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Digestive diseases]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Abdominal pain]]
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]

Latest revision as of 21:26, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [3]

Overview

Common causes of diverticulitis include diverticulosis, a low-fiber diet, constipation, abdominal distension, and Meckel's diverticulum.

Causes

Common Causes

Common causes of diverticulitis include the following:[1]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Dextropropoxyphene, fesoterodine, pramipexole, sertraline, tocilizumab
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Abdominal distension, constipation, diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, low dietary fiber, Meckel's diverticulum
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic Lack of exercise, abdominal distension, constipation, low dietary fiber
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

References

  1. ↑ Bugiantella W, Rondelli F, Longaroni M, Mariani E, Sanguinetti A, Avenia N (2015). "Left colon acute diverticulitis: an update on diagnosis, treatment and prevention". Int J Surg. 13: 157–64. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.12.012. PMID 25497007.

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