Echinococcosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

	Echinococcosis Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Echinococcosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
X Ray
Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Studies
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Echinococcosis laboratory findings On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Echinococcosis laboratory findings All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Echinococcosis laboratory findings
on Echinococcosis laboratory findings
Echinococcosis laboratory findings in the news
Blogs on Echinococcosis laboratory findings
Directions to Hospitals Treating Echinococcosis
Risk calculators and risk factors for Echinococcosis laboratory findings

← Older edit

VisualWikitext

Latest revision as of 21:32, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2] ; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[4]; Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [5]

Overview

In the patients suspected of echinococcosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect hemagglutination test are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum for cystic echinococcosis. In case of alveolar echinococcosis, serologic test results are usually positive at high titers. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the serologic discrimination between patients infected with E. multilocularis and those infected with E. granulosus.

Laboratory Findings

In the patients suspected of echinococcosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect hemagglutination test are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening. ^[1]

Serologic Tests

Cystic Echinococcosis

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect hemagglutination test are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum. Specific confirmation of reactivity can be obtained by demonstrating echinococcal antigens by immunodiffusion (arc 5) procedures or immunoblot assays (8-, 21– kD bands).

Alveolar Echinococcosis

Serologic test results are usually positive at high titers. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the serologic discrimination between patients infected with E. multilocularis and those infected with E. granulosus.

Laboratory Tets	Findings
CBC	Lymphopenia Eosinophilia is rare
Antibody testing (Immunoglobulin concentrations)	Increase in levels of gammaglobulins Increase in immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels Mild elevation of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) CRP levels might be elevated
Liver function tests	GGT is elevated Alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels increases Aminotransferases increase only when associated with necrosis Prothrombin time decreases Factor V level decreases
Serology tests	Antibody detection is more sensitive than antigen detection ELISA and IHA are the methods most frequently employed for screening Crude antigens such as hydatid fluid or protoscolex extracts are used Immunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting are used for confirmation

References

↑ Siracusano A, Teggi A, Ortona E (2009). "Human cystic echinococcosis: old problems and new perspectives". Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009: 474368. doi:10.1155/2009/474368. PMC 2771156. PMID 19888428.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid19888428-1] Siracusano A, Teggi A, Ortona E (2009). "Human cystic echinococcosis: old problems and new perspectives". Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009: 474368. doi:10.1155/2009/474368. PMC 2771156. PMID 19888428.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Echinococcosis}}
-{{CMG}} '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; {{KD}}; {{ADG}}
+{{CMG}} '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{MIR}} ; {{CZ}}; {{KD}}; {{ADG}}
 ==Overview==
-In the patients suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] of [[serum]] for [[cystic echinococcosis]]. In case of [[alveolar echinococcosis]], [[Serological testing|serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s [[Titer|titers]] with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the [[Serology|serologic]] discrimination between patients infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']].
+In the [[patients]] suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] of [[serum]] for [[cystic echinococcosis]]. In case of [[alveolar echinococcosis]], [[Serological testing|serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s [[Titer|titers]] with both purified-specific and shared [[antigens]] permits the [[Serology|serologic]] discrimination between [[patients]] infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']].
 ==Laboratory Findings==
-In the patients suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening.
+In the [[patients]] suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial [[Screening (medicine)|screening]]. <ref name="pmid19888428">{{cite journal |vauthors=Siracusano A, Teggi A, Ortona E |title=Human cystic echinococcosis: old problems and new perspectives |journal=Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis |volume=2009 |issue= |pages=474368 |year=2009 |pmid=19888428 |pmc=2771156 |doi=10.1155/2009/474368 |url=}}</ref>
 ===Serologic Tests===
-====Cystic Echinococcosis====
+====[[Cystic]] [[Echinococcosis]]====
 [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum. Specific confirmation of reactivity can be obtained by demonstrating echinococcal [[antigens]] by [[immunodiffusion]] (arc 5) procedures or [[immunoblot]] assays (8-, 21– kD bands).
-====Alveolar Echinococcosis====
+====[[Alveolar]] [[Echinococcosis]]====
-[[Serological testing|Serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the [[Serological|serologic]] discrimination between patients infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']].
+[[Serological testing|Serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared [[antigens]] permits the [[Serological|serologic]] discrimination between [[patients]] infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']].
 {| class="wikitable"
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 * [[Eosinophilia]] is  rare
 |-
-|Antibody testing
+|[[Antibody]] testing
 (Immunoglobulin concentrations)
 |
@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 * [[Factor V]] level decreases
 |-
-|Serology tests
+|[[Serology]] tests
 |
 * [[Antibody]] detection is more sensitive than [[antigen]] detection
-* [[ELISA test|ELISA]] and [[Hemagglutination assay|IHA]] are the methods most frequently employed for screening
+* [[ELISA test|ELISA]] and [[Hemagglutination assay|IHA]] are the methods most frequently employed for [[Screening (medicine)|screening]]
 * Crude [[antigens]] such as hydatid fluid or protoscolex extracts are used
 * [[Immunoelectrophoresis]] and [[immunoblotting]] are used for confirmation
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 == References ==
 {{reflist|2}}
+{{WH}}
+{{WS}}
 [[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
-[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 [[Category:Needs content]]
 [[Category:Disease]]
+[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
-{{WH}}
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
-{{WS}}
+[[Category:Infectious disease]]
+[[Category:Hepatology]]
+[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]