Esophageal candidiasis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Examination reveals signs of immunocompromisation that was the primary cause of developing esophageal thrush. | Examination reveals signs of [[Immunodeficiency|immunocompromisation]] that was the primary cause of developing esophageal thrush. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Appearance of the patient=== | ===Appearance of the patient=== | ||
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====Blood Pressure==== | ====Blood Pressure==== | ||
* The blood pressure is maintained within normal limits early in the disease process but as | * The blood pressure is maintained within normal limits early in the disease process but as fungemia progresses, the blood pressure decreases due to shock | ||
====Pulse==== | ====Pulse==== | ||
* [[Tachycardia]] with weak, thready peripheral pulses represents decreased effective circulating blood volume, indicating a stage of [[shock]] later in the disease. | * [[Tachycardia]] with weak, thready peripheral pulses represents decreased effective circulating blood volume, indicating a stage of [[shock]] later in the disease. | ||
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===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*Opportunistic skin conditions as [[Folliculitis]], [[Kaposi sarcoma]], [[skin candidiasis]]. | *Opportunistic skin conditions as [[Folliculitis]], [[Kaposi sarcoma]], [[skin candidiasis]]. | ||
* HIV associated conditions may be present as [[Seborrheic dermatitis]] and [[Psoriasis]]. | * [[HIV]] associated conditions may be present as [[Seborrheic dermatitis]] and [[Psoriasis]]. | ||
===Eyes=== | ===Eyes=== | ||
* | *[[Retinal haemorrhage]] and retinal infiltrates may be present. | ||
===Head=== | ===Head=== | ||
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===Nose=== | ===Nose=== | ||
*[[Inflammation]] of the nasal turbinates may be present. | *[[Inflammation]] of the [[Turbinates|nasal turbinates]] may be present. | ||
===Ears=== | ===Ears=== | ||
*Unilateral or bilateral deafness may be present. | *Unilateral or bilateral [[deafness]] may be present. | ||
*Discharge from the ears may be found. | *Discharge from the ears may be found. | ||
===Throat=== | ===Throat=== | ||
*Peridontal disease may be present. | *[[Peridontal disease]] may be present. | ||
*Oral [[herpes]] and Oral [[thrush]] simplex lesions may be found. | *Oral [[herpes]] and Oral [[thrush]] simplex lesions may be found. | ||
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===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
*[[Abdominal tenderness]] can be found. | *[[Abdominal tenderness]] can be found. | ||
*Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly may be detected. | *[[Hepatomegaly]] and [[splenomegaly]] may be detected. | ||
===Genitourinary=== | ===Genitourinary=== | ||
*Vaginal or [[urethral]] discharge can be present. | *[[Vaginal discharge|Vaginal]] or [[urethral]] discharge can be present. | ||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
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===Central Nervous System=== | ===Central Nervous System=== | ||
*Focal neurological deficits may be found. | *[[Focal neurologic signs|Focal neurological deficits]] may be found. | ||
*Behavioral changes may be observed. | *Behavioral changes may be observed. | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | |||
[[Category:Otolaryngology]] | |||
[[Category:Immunology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:40, 29 July 2020
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Esophageal candidiasis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Esophageal candidiasis physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Esophageal candidiasis physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Esophageal candidiasis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Examination reveals signs of immunocompromisation that was the primary cause of developing esophageal thrush.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the patient
- Patients with esophageal candidiasis are usually ill-appearing.
- They may later become apathetic and delirious.
Vital Signs
Temperature
- Hyperthermia (temperatures as high as 42° C) is a sign of infection and hypothermia (temperatures as low as 35° C) indicates septic shock.
- Hypothermia is a grave sign,seen late in the course of the disease in patients with on-going fungaemia or septic shock.
Blood Pressure
- The blood pressure is maintained within normal limits early in the disease process but as fungemia progresses, the blood pressure decreases due to shock
Pulse
- Tachycardia with weak, thready peripheral pulses represents decreased effective circulating blood volume, indicating a stage of shock later in the disease.
- May be normal or increased in rate due to infection.
- It may be low in volume due to dehydration.
Respiration
- Tachypnea due to infection and increased oxygen demand.
Skin
- Opportunistic skin conditions as Folliculitis, Kaposi sarcoma, skin candidiasis.
- HIV associated conditions may be present as Seborrheic dermatitis and Psoriasis.
Eyes
- Retinal haemorrhage and retinal infiltrates may be present.
Head
- Tenderness of sinuses may be elicited.
Nose
- Inflammation of the nasal turbinates may be present.
Ears
- Unilateral or bilateral deafness may be present.
- Discharge from the ears may be found.
Throat
- Peridontal disease may be present.
- Oral herpes and Oral thrush simplex lesions may be found.
Lungs
- Crackles and rhonchi may be found.
- Dullness to percussion can be present.
- Increased tactile fremitus can be present.
Cardiovascular system
- A heart murmur can be found.
Abdomen
- Abdominal tenderness can be found.
- Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly may be detected.
Genitourinary
Extremities
- Muscle weakness and joint swelling may be present.
Central Nervous System
- Focal neurological deficits may be found.
- Behavioral changes may be observed.
- Gait disturbances may be present.