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   Image          = Histoplasmosis capsulatum.jpg |
   Image          = Histoplasmosis capsulatum.jpg |
   Caption        = ''[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]''. Methenamine [[silver stain]] showing histopathologic changes in histoplasmosis. |
   Caption        = ''[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]''. Methenamine [[silver stain]] showing histopathologic changes in histoplasmosis. |
  DiseasesDB    = 5925 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|B|39||b|35}} |
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|115}} |
  ICDO          = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = 001082 |
  MeshID        = D006660 |
}}
}}
{{Histoplasmosis}}
{{Histoplasmosis}}
{{About1|Histoplasma capsulatum}}


'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSK}}, {{VB}}, {{PTD}}, {{AKI}}


{{SK}} Ajellomyces capsulatus; Darling disease; Darling's disease
{{SK}} Ajellomyces capsulatus; Darling's disease; Cave's disease; Ohio valley disease; Spelunker's lung.


==Overview==
==[[Histoplasmosis overview|Overview]]==


==Pathogen==
==[[Histoplasmosis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==Symptoms==
==[[Histoplasmosis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
If symptoms of histoplasmosis infection occur, they will start within 3 to 17 days after exposure; the average is 12-14 days. Most affected individuals have clinically-silent manifestations and show no apparent ill effects.<ref name=Silberberg_2007>{{cite web | title = Radiology Teaching Files: Case 224856 (Histoplasmosis) | author = Silberberg P | url = http://www.mypacs.net/cases/HISTOPLASMOSIS-224856.html}}</ref>The [[Acute (medical)|acute]] phase of histoplasmosis is characterized by non-specific respiratory symptoms, often cough or flu-like. [[Chest X-ray]] findings are normal in 40-70% of cases.<ref name=Silberberg_2007 /> Chronic histoplasmosis cases can  resemble [[tuberculosis]]; disseminated histoplasmosis affects multiple organ systems and is fatal unless treated.


While histoplasmosis is the most common cause of fibrosing [[mediastinitis]], this remains a relatively rare disease.  Severe infections can cause [[hepatosplenomegaly]], [[lymphadenopathy]], and adrenal enlargement.  Lesions have a tendency to ''calcify'' as they heal.
==[[Histoplasma capsulatum|Causes]]==


[[Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome|Ocular histoplasmosis]] damages the retina of the eyes.  Scar tissue is left on the retina which can experience leakage, resulting in a loss of vision not unlike [[macular degeneration]].
==[[Histoplasmosis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Histoplasmosis from other Diseases]]==


==Treatment==
==[[Histoplasmosis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
[[Antifungal]] medications are used to treat severe cases of acute histoplasmosis and all cases of chronic and disseminated disease. Typical treatment of severe disease first involves treatment with [[amphotericin B]], followed by oral [[itraconazole]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec17/ch197/ch197g.html |title=Histoplasmosis: Fungal Infections: Merck Manual Home Edition |format= |work=}}</ref> In many milder cases, simply itraconazole is sufficient. Asymptomatic disease is typically not treated. Past infection results in partial protection against ill effects if reinfected.
 
==[[Histoplasmosis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


==Prevention==
==[[Histoplasmosis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==References==
==Diagnosis==
<references/>
[[Histoplasmosis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Histoplasmosis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Histoplasmosis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Histoplasmosis chest x ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Histoplasmosis CT|CT]] | [[Histoplasmosis other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Histoplasmosis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]


''Note: The original version of this article is adapted from the U.S. CDC public domain document at http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/histoplasmosis_g.htm ''
==Treatment==
[[Histoplasmosis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Histoplasmosis surgery|Surgery]] | [[Histoplasmosis primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]  | [[Histoplasmosis secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]]


==External links==
*[http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/histoplasmosis/index.asp Histoplasmosis] Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).
*[http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2005-109/ NIOSH - Histoplasmosis - Protecting Workers at Risk]
*[http://www.fibrosing-mediastinitis.com/ Fibrosing Mediastinitis]


{{Mycoses}}
{{Mycoses}}
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[[Category:Fungal diseases]]
[[Category:Fungal diseases]]
[[Category:Rat carried diseases]]
[[Category:Rat carried diseases]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Emergency mdicine]]
 
[[Category:Disease]]
[[de:Histoplasmose]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[es:Histoplasmosis]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[fr:Histoplasmose]]
[[Category:Pulmonology]]
[[hu:Histoplasmosis]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[nl:Histoplasmose]]
[[pl:Histoplazmoza]]
[[pt:Histoplasmose]]
 
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Latest revision as of 22:11, 29 July 2020

Histoplasmosis
Histoplasma capsulatum. Methenamine silver stain showing histopathologic changes in histoplasmosis.

Histoplasmosis Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Histoplasmosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

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Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Chest X Ray

CT

Other Imaging Findings

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Case #1

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Histoplasmosis

This page is about clinical aspects of the disease.  For microbiologic aspects of the causative organism(s), see Histoplasma capsulatum.

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Serge Korjian M.D., Vidit Bhargava, M.B.B.S [2], Prince Tano Djan, BSc, MBChB [3], Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[4]

Synonyms and keywords: Ajellomyces capsulatus; Darling's disease; Cave's disease; Ohio valley disease; Spelunker's lung.

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Histoplasmosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | CT | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention


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