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==Overview==
==Overview==
 
[[Human papillomavirus]] may have different presentations depending on the anatomical region of involvement and the virus type. Mainly it is classified to cutaneous, anogenital and other mucosal surfaces.
==Classification==
==Classification==
Based on tissue involvement, human papillomavirus (HPV) is classified in to 3 main groups:
Based on tissue involvement, [[human papilloma virus|human papillomavirus]] ([[HPV]]) is classified in to 3 main groups:
*Cutaneous
*Cutaneous
*Anogenital
*Anogenital
*Other Mucosal surfaces
*Other Mucosal surfaces
Currently, 210 different types of HPV have been discovered and the number keeps increasing.<ref name="urlReference clones at International HPV Reference Center">{{cite web |url=http://www.hpvcenter.se/html/refclones.html?%3C?php%20echo%20time();%20?%3E |title=Reference clones at International HPV Reference Center |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20206957">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bernard HU, Burk RD, Chen Z, van Doorslaer K, zur Hausen H, de Villiers EM |title=Classification of papillomaviruses (PVs) based on 189 PV types and proposal of taxonomic amendments |journal=Virology |volume=401 |issue=1 |pages=70–9 |year=2010 |pmid=20206957 |pmc=3400342 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.002 |url=}}</ref>
Currently, 210 different types of [[HPV]] have been discovered and the number keeps increasing.<ref name="urlReference clones at International HPV Reference Center">{{cite web |url=http://www.hpvcenter.se/html/refclones.html?%3C?php%20echo%20time();%20?%3E |title=Reference clones at International HPV Reference Center |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20206957">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bernard HU, Burk RD, Chen Z, van Doorslaer K, zur Hausen H, de Villiers EM |title=Classification of papillomaviruses (PVs) based on 189 PV types and proposal of taxonomic amendments |journal=Virology |volume=401 |issue=1 |pages=70–9 |year=2010 |pmid=20206957 |pmc=3400342 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.002 |url=}}</ref>
Clinical manifestations depend on which HPV type involve which anatomic area.
Clinical manifestations depend on which [[HPV]] type involve which anatomic area.<ref name="pmid2463866">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jenson AB, Kurman RJ, Lancaster WD |title=Detection of papillomavirus common antigens in lesions of skin and mucosa |journal=Clin. Dermatol. |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=56–63 |year=1985 |pmid=2463866 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25577151">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bzhalava D, Eklund C, Dillner J |title=International standardization and classification of human papillomavirus types |journal=Virology |volume=476 |issue= |pages=341–4 |year=2015 |pmid=25577151 |doi=10.1016/j.virol.2014.12.028 |url=}}</ref>
 
===Cutaneous lesions===
 
 
 
 


{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
|+
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 180px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Clinical presentation}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Clinical presentation}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 180px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Frequently found}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 220px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Frequently found types}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 180px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Less Frequently found}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 380px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Less Frequently found types}}
|-
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''Common wart'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Common wart]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |1,2
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |1, 2, 4
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |4, 26, 27, 29, 41, 57, 63, 65, 77, 117, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 148, 149
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |4, 26, 27, 29, 41, 57, 63, 65, 77, 117, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 148, 149
|-
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Gonococcal Urethritis'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Plantar wart]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |Preferred:
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |1, 2
:::::[[Ceftriaxone]] 250 mg IM in a single dose
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |26, 27, 29, 41, 57, 63, 65, 77, 117, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 148, 149
:::::::::'''PLUS'''
:::::[[Azithromycin]] 1 g PO in a single dose
Alternative:
:::::[[Cefixime]] 400 mg PO in a single dose
:::::::::'''PLUS'''
:::::[[Azithromycin]] 1 g PO in a single dose
|-
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Recurrent and Persistent Urethritis'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Flat and intermediate warts '''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |3, 10
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |26, 27, 28, 38, 41, 49, 75, 76, 126
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Common warts of meat, poultry, and fish handlers'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |2, 7
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |1, 3, 4, 10, 28
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Epidermodysplasia verruciformis]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |3, 5, 8
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |9 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 19–25 , 36–38 , 47 , 49 , 50
|-
|}
 
===Anogenital lesions===
 
 
 
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Clinical presentation}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 220px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Frequently found types}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 380px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Less Frequently found types}}
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Squamous cell carcinoma|Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia(squamous cell carcinoma)]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |6, 11
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 54, 61, 70, 72, 74
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Squamous cell carcinoma|High grade intraepithelial neoplasia(squamous cell carcinoma)]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |16, 18
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |6, 11, 31, 33, 34, 35, 39, 42, 44, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 66, 67
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Condylomata acuminata]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |6, 11
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |40, 42–44, 54, 61, 70, 72, 81
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Bowen's disease|Genital bowen's disease]]'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |16
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |
:::::[[Metronidazole]] 2 g PO in a single dose
:::::::::''or''
:::::[[Tinidazole]] 2 g PO in a single dose
:::::::::'''PLUS'''
:::::[[Azithromycin]] 1 g PO in a single dose
|-
|-
|}
|}


===Other mucosal lesions===




Line 48: Line 81:




{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Clinical presentation}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 220px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Frequently found types}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 380px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFFFFF|Less Frequently found types}}
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Buschke–Löwenstein tumor'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |6, 11
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis'''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |6, 11
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39
|-
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''Conjunctival papillomas and carcinomas '''
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |6, 11, 16
| style="padding: 7px 7px; background: #F5F5DC;" |
|-
|}


==References==
==References==


{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

Overview

Human papillomavirus may have different presentations depending on the anatomical region of involvement and the virus type. Mainly it is classified to cutaneous, anogenital and other mucosal surfaces.

Classification

Based on tissue involvement, human papillomavirus (HPV) is classified in to 3 main groups:

  • Cutaneous
  • Anogenital
  • Other Mucosal surfaces

Currently, 210 different types of HPV have been discovered and the number keeps increasing.[1][2] Clinical manifestations depend on which HPV type involve which anatomic area.[3][4]

Cutaneous lesions

Clinical presentation Frequently found types Less Frequently found types
Common wart 1, 2, 4 4, 26, 27, 29, 41, 57, 63, 65, 77, 117, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 148, 149
Plantar wart 1, 2 26, 27, 29, 41, 57, 63, 65, 77, 117, 125, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 148, 149
Flat and intermediate warts 3, 10 26, 27, 28, 38, 41, 49, 75, 76, 126
Common warts of meat, poultry, and fish handlers 2, 7 1, 3, 4, 10, 28
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis 3, 5, 8 9 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 19–25 , 36–38 , 47 , 49 , 50

Anogenital lesions

Clinical presentation Frequently found types Less Frequently found types
Low grade intraepithelial neoplasia(squamous cell carcinoma) 6, 11 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 54, 61, 70, 72, 74
High grade intraepithelial neoplasia(squamous cell carcinoma) 16, 18 6, 11, 31, 33, 34, 35, 39, 42, 44, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 66, 67
Condylomata acuminata 6, 11 40, 42–44, 54, 61, 70, 72, 81
Genital bowen's disease 16

Other mucosal lesions

Clinical presentation Frequently found types Less Frequently found types
Buschke–Löwenstein tumor 6, 11
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis 6, 11 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39
Conjunctival papillomas and carcinomas 6, 11, 16

References

  1. ↑ "Reference clones at International HPV Reference Center".
  2. ↑ Bernard HU, Burk RD, Chen Z, van Doorslaer K, zur Hausen H, de Villiers EM (2010). "Classification of papillomaviruses (PVs) based on 189 PV types and proposal of taxonomic amendments". Virology. 401 (1): 70–9. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.002. PMC 3400342. PMID 20206957.
  3. ↑ Jenson AB, Kurman RJ, Lancaster WD (1985). "Detection of papillomavirus common antigens in lesions of skin and mucosa". Clin. Dermatol. 3 (4): 56–63. PMID 2463866.
  4. ↑ Bzhalava D, Eklund C, Dillner J (2015). "International standardization and classification of human papillomavirus types". Virology. 476: 341–4. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2014.12.028. PMID 25577151.

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