Leptospirosis historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Adolf Weil.png|thumb|right|Adolf Weil<br>(1848-1916)]] | [[File:Adolf Weil.png|thumb|right|Adolf Weil<br>(1848-1916) - By Unknown. Scan by Jonathan Groß. Crop by Miehs at Romanian Wikipedia - cropped from File:Ruperto Carola 500-12.jpg, which is in public domain due to its age, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25850807]] | ||
{{Leptospirosis}} | {{Leptospirosis}} | ||
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{VSKP}} | {{CMG}};{{AE}}{{VSKP}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Adof Weil is the first physician described about the severe form of leptospirosis and the name Weil's disease is named after him in the year 1886. He also described the jaundice with splenomegaly, renal failure, skin rash and conjunctival suffusion.<ref name="pmid25388129">{{cite journal| author=Adler B| title=History of leptospirosis and leptospira. | journal=Curr Top Microbiol Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 387 | issue= | pages= 1-9 | pmid=25388129 | doi=10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_1 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25388129 }} </ref> Japanees scientists Kitamura and Hara named this disease as autumn fever and seven day disease in 1918.<ref name="Kobayashi2001">{{cite journal|last1=Kobayashi|first1=Yuzuru|title=Discovery of the causative organism of Weil's disease: historical view|journal=Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy|volume=7|issue=1|year=2001|pages=10–15|issn=1341321X|doi=10.1007/s101560170028}}</ref> | Adof Weil is the first physician described about the severe form of leptospirosis and the name [[Weil's disease]] is named after him in the year 1886. He also described the [[jaundice]] with [[splenomegaly]], [[renal failure]], [[skin rash]] and [[conjunctival]] suffusion.<ref name="pmid25388129">{{cite journal| author=Adler B| title=History of leptospirosis and leptospira. | journal=Curr Top Microbiol Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 387 | issue= | pages= 1-9 | pmid=25388129 | doi=10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_1 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25388129 }} </ref> Japanees scientists Kitamura and Hara named this disease as autumn [[fever]] and seven day disease in 1918.<ref name="Kobayashi2001">{{cite journal|last1=Kobayashi|first1=Yuzuru|title=Discovery of the causative organism of Weil's disease: historical view|journal=Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy|volume=7|issue=1|year=2001|pages=10–15|issn=1341321X|doi=10.1007/s101560170028}}</ref> | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
* The association between the disease prevalence and occupational status for leptospirosis is first described by Alston and Broom in 1958. They also | * The association between the disease prevalence and occupational status for leptospirosis is first described by Alston and Broom in 1958. They also found that it more prevalent in farmers who are working in cane farm and named the disease as cane cutter's disease, swine-herd’s disease, Schlammfieber disease or mud fever.<ref name="pmid5919352">{{cite journal| author=Wilson TS| title=Recent observations on leptospirosis in Northern Ireland and their bearing on current diagnostic methods. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 1966 | volume= 19 | issue= 5 | pages= 415-23 | pmid=5919352 | doi= | pmc=473342 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5919352 }} </ref> | ||
* Leptospires are first demonstrated in the year 1907 by Stimson and he coined the name as ''Spirocheta interrogans''.<ref name="Kobayashi2001">{{cite journal|last1=Kobayashi|first1=Yuzuru|title=Discovery of the causative organism of Weil's disease: historical view|journal=Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy|volume=7|issue=1|year=2001|pages=10–15|issn=1341321X|doi=10.1007/s101560170028}}</ref> | * Leptospires are first demonstrated in the year 1907 by Stimson and he coined the name as ''Spirocheta interrogans''.<ref name="Kobayashi2001">{{cite journal|last1=Kobayashi|first1=Yuzuru|title=Discovery of the causative organism of Weil's disease: historical view|journal=Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy|volume=7|issue=1|year=2001|pages=10–15|issn=1341321X|doi=10.1007/s101560170028}}</ref> | ||
* In 1915 German researchers Hubener, Uhlenhuth Fromme first time succeeded in transmitting the infection to guinea-pigs and demonstrating the leptospires in guinea-pig tissues and they named the organisms as ''Spirochaeta nodosa'' and ''Spirochaeta icterogenes''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION|journal=Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=LXVIII|issue=4|year=1917|pages=288|issn=0002-9955|doi=10.1001/jama.1917.04270010288015}}</ref> | * In 1915 German researchers Hubener, Uhlenhuth Fromme first time succeeded in transmitting the infection to guinea-pigs and demonstrating the leptospires in guinea-pig tissues and they named the organisms as ''Spirochaeta nodosa'' and ''Spirochaeta icterogenes''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION|journal=Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=LXVIII|issue=4|year=1917|pages=288|issn=0002-9955|doi=10.1001/jama.1917.04270010288015}}</ref> | ||
* Japanese research group Ido et al. described the mechanism of transmission from rats to humans in 1917 and research groups Noguchi and Stokes et al. from Europe and United States respectively confirmed the same in 1917.<ref name="Levett2001">{{cite journal|last1=Levett|first1=P. N.|title=Leptospirosis|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|volume=14|issue=2|year=2001|pages=296–326|issn=0893-8512|doi=10.1128/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001}}</ref> | * Japanese research group Ido et al. described the mechanism of transmission from rats to humans in 1917 and research groups Noguchi and Stokes et al. from Europe and United States respectively confirmed the same in 1917.<ref name="Levett2001">{{cite journal|last1=Levett|first1=P. N.|title=Leptospirosis|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|volume=14|issue=2|year=2001|pages=296–326|issn=0893-8512|doi=10.1128/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001}}</ref> | ||
* Genus name Leptospira was coined to separate other spirochetes from Treponema pallidum by Noguchi in 1918.<ref name="pmid19868227">{{cite journal| author=Noguchi H| title=MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND NOMENCLATURE OF LEPTOSPIRA (SPIROCHAETA) ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIAE (INADA AND IDO). | journal=J Exp Med | year= 1918 | volume= 27 | issue= 5 | pages= 575-92 | pmid=19868227 | doi= | pmc=2125876 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19868227 }} </ref> | * Genus name Leptospira was coined to separate other spirochetes from [[Treponema pallidum]] by Noguchi in 1918.<ref name="pmid19868227">{{cite journal| author=Noguchi H| title=MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND NOMENCLATURE OF LEPTOSPIRA (SPIROCHAETA) ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIAE (INADA AND IDO). | journal=J Exp Med | year= 1918 | volume= 27 | issue= 5 | pages= 575-92 | pmid=19868227 | doi= | pmc=2125876 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19868227 }} </ref> | ||
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Latest revision as of 22:29, 29 July 2020
(1848-1916) - By Unknown. Scan by Jonathan Groß. Crop by Miehs at Romanian Wikipedia - cropped from File:Ruperto Carola 500-12.jpg, which is in public domain due to its age, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25850807
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Adof Weil is the first physician described about the severe form of leptospirosis and the name Weil's disease is named after him in the year 1886. He also described the jaundice with splenomegaly, renal failure, skin rash and conjunctival suffusion.[1] Japanees scientists Kitamura and Hara named this disease as autumn fever and seven day disease in 1918.[2]
Historical Perspective
- The association between the disease prevalence and occupational status for leptospirosis is first described by Alston and Broom in 1958. They also found that it more prevalent in farmers who are working in cane farm and named the disease as cane cutter's disease, swine-herd’s disease, Schlammfieber disease or mud fever.[3]
- Leptospires are first demonstrated in the year 1907 by Stimson and he coined the name as Spirocheta interrogans.[2]
- In 1915 German researchers Hubener, Uhlenhuth Fromme first time succeeded in transmitting the infection to guinea-pigs and demonstrating the leptospires in guinea-pig tissues and they named the organisms as Spirochaeta nodosa and Spirochaeta icterogenes.[4]
- Japanese research group Ido et al. described the mechanism of transmission from rats to humans in 1917 and research groups Noguchi and Stokes et al. from Europe and United States respectively confirmed the same in 1917.[5]
- Genus name Leptospira was coined to separate other spirochetes from Treponema pallidum by Noguchi in 1918.[6]
References
- ↑ Adler B (2015). "History of leptospirosis and leptospira". Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 387: 1–9. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-45059-8_1. PMID 25388129.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kobayashi, Yuzuru (2001). "Discovery of the causative organism of Weil's disease: historical view". Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy. 7 (1): 10–15. doi:10.1007/s101560170028. ISSN 1341-321X.
- ↑ Wilson TS (1966). "Recent observations on leptospirosis in Northern Ireland and their bearing on current diagnostic methods". J Clin Pathol. 19 (5): 415–23. PMC 473342. PMID 5919352.
- ↑ "THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION". Journal of the American Medical Association. LXVIII (4): 288. 1917. doi:10.1001/jama.1917.04270010288015. ISSN 0002-9955.
- ↑ Levett, P. N. (2001). "Leptospirosis". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 14 (2): 296–326. doi:10.1128/CMR.14.2.296-326.2001. ISSN 0893-8512.
- ↑ Noguchi H (1918). "MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND NOMENCLATURE OF LEPTOSPIRA (SPIROCHAETA) ICTEROHAEMORRHAGIAE (INADA AND IDO)". J Exp Med. 27 (5): 575–92. PMC 2125876. PMID 19868227.