Melena overview: Difference between revisions
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== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
'''Melena''' or ''melaena'' refers to the black, "tarry" [[feces]] that are associated with gastrointestinal [[hemorrhage]]. The black color is caused by oxidation of the [[iron]] in [[hemoglobin]] during its passage through the [[ileum]] and [[colon (anatomy)|colon]]. | '''Melena''' or ''melaena'' refers to the black, "tarry" [[feces]] that are associated with gastrointestinal [[hemorrhage]]. The black color is caused by oxidation of the [[iron]] in [[hemoglobin]] during its passage through the [[ileum]] and [[colon (anatomy)|colon]]. | ||
==Historical Perspective== | |||
==Classification== | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Melena, is stool with blood, that has been altered by the [[gut flora]], and appears black/"[[tar]]ry". | |||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The most common cause of melena is peptic ulcer disease. Any other cause of bleeding from the upper gastro-intestinal tract, or even the ascending colon, can also cause melena. Melena may also be a sign of drug overdose if a patient is taking anti-coagulants, such as warfarin. A less serious, self-limiting case of melena can occur in newborns two to three days after delivery, due to swallowed maternal blood. | The most common cause of melena is peptic ulcer disease. Any other cause of bleeding from the upper gastro-intestinal tract, or even the ascending colon, can also cause melena. Melena may also be a sign of drug overdose if a patient is taking anti-coagulants, such as warfarin. A less serious, self-limiting case of melena can occur in newborns two to three days after delivery, due to swallowed maternal blood. | ||
==Differentiating {{PAGENAME}} from Other Diseases== | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
==Screening== | |||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | |||
===Natural History=== | |||
===Complications=== | |||
===Prognosis=== | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
===Diagnostic Criteria=== | |||
===History and Symptoms=== | |||
===Physical Examination=== | |||
===Laboratory Findings=== | |||
===Imaging Findings=== | |||
===Other Diagnostic Studies=== | |||
==Treatment== | |||
===Medical Therapy=== | |||
===Surgery=== | |||
===Prevention=== | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
{{WS}} | |||
{{WH}} | |||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 22:40, 29 July 2020
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Melena overview On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Melena or melaena refers to the black, "tarry" feces that are associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The black color is caused by oxidation of the iron in hemoglobin during its passage through the ileum and colon.
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Melena, is stool with blood, that has been altered by the gut flora, and appears black/"tarry".
Causes
The most common cause of melena is peptic ulcer disease. Any other cause of bleeding from the upper gastro-intestinal tract, or even the ascending colon, can also cause melena. Melena may also be a sign of drug overdose if a patient is taking anti-coagulants, such as warfarin. A less serious, self-limiting case of melena can occur in newborns two to three days after delivery, due to swallowed maternal blood.