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Latest revision as of 23:32, 29 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of invasive pancreatic cancer is 11.7 per 100,000 in 2011. Pancreatic cancer is more prevalent in males than females.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of invasive pancreatic cancer is 11.7 per 100,000 in 2011.^[1]

Mortality rate

As per the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates, pancreatic cancer leads to more than 331,000 deaths per year (accounting for 4.0% of all deaths), making it as the seventh leading cause of cancer death in both males and females. ^[2]
In 2012, about 338,000 suffered from pancreatic cancer, making it the 11th most common cancer.^[2] ^[3]

Incidence

Estimated new cases and deaths from pancreatic cancer in the United States in 2015:

New cases: 48,960
Deaths: 40,560
The incidence of carcinoma of the pancreas has markedly increased over the past several decades and ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States.

Incidence rates for pancreatic cancer in 2012 were: ^[2]
- In United States, the highest incidence rate of 7.4 per 100,000 people
- In Western Europe, 7.3 per 100,000 people
- In Europe and Australia/New Zealand, equally about 6.5 per 100,000 people
- In Middle Africa and South-Central Asia, the lowest incidence rate of 1.0 per 100,000 people
- In Pakistan, 0.5 per 100,000 people

The delay-adjusted incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer in 2011 was estimated to be 12.63 per 100,000 persons in the United States^[1]

In 2011, the age-adjusted incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer was 12.30 per 100,000 persons in the United States^[1]

Age

While the overall age-adjusted incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer in the United States between 2007 and 2011 is 12.3 per 100,000, the age-adjusted incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by age category is:^[1]
- Under 65 years: 4 per 100,000
- 65 and over: 69.4 per 100,000

Gender

In the United States, the age-adjusted prevalence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender in 2011 is:^[1]
- In males: 12.3 per 100,000
- In females: 11.2 per 100,000

In the United States, the delay-adjusted incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender in 2011 is:^[1]
- In males: 14.75 per 100,000 persons
- In females: 10.93 per 100,000 persons

In the United States, the age-adjusted incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender on 2011 is:^[1]
- In males: 14.38 per 100,000 persons
- In females: 10.62 per 100,000 persons

Shown below is an image depicting the delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011. These graphs are adapted from SEER: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.^[1]

<figure-inline class="mw-default-size"><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline>

Race

Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted prevalence of invasive pancreatic cancer by race in 2011 in the United States.^[1]

	All Races	White	Black	Asian/Pacific Islander	Hispanic
Age-adjusted prevalence	11.7 per 100,000	11.7 per 100,000	13 per 100,000	10.4 per 100,000	9.6 per 100,000

Shown below is an image depicting the incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.^[1]

<figure-inline class="mw-default-size"><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline>

API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native

Percent Distribution of Invasive Pancreatic Cancer by Histology

Among patients with histologically confirmed cases of invasive pancreatic cancer, the percent distribution of the types of the disease in the United States are:^[1]

Carcinoma: 97.9%
- Epidermoid carcinoma: 0.2%
- Adenocarcinoma: 86%
  - Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified: 69.9%
  - Papillary adenocarcinoma: 0.1%
  - Mucinous adenocarcinoma: 2.6%
  - Mucin- producing adenocarcinoma: 1.1%
  - Inflitrating duct carcinoma: 9.8%
  - Other adenocarcinoma: 2.6%
- Other specific carcinoma: 6.5%
  - Islet cell carcinoma: 0.9%
  - Other carcinoma: 5.7%
- Carcinoma not otherwise specified: 5.2%
Sarcoma and other soft tissue tumors: 0.1%
Other specific types: 0.1%
Unspecified: 1.9%

Developed Countries

Developed countries have the highest incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer. ^[2]

Developing Countries

Pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality varies across different countries. The incidence is considerably lower in developing countries. ^[2]

Awareness

November is pancreatic cancer awareness month.
Purple is the traditional color chosen to represent pancreatic cancer awareness.
The National Cancer Institute’s cancer research budget was $4.824 billion in 2004, an estimated $52.7 million of which was devoted to pancreatic cancer.^[4]
Research spending per pancreatic cancer patient is $1145, the lowest of any leading cancer.^[5]
The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PanCAN) was created as an advocacy group for pancreatic cancer.
The National Charity pancreatic cancer UK works to raise awareness in the UK.

References

↑ ^1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Ilic M, Ilic I (2016). "Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer". World J Gastroenterol. 22 (44): 9694–9705. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694. PMC 5124974. PMID 27956793.
↑ Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M; et al. (2015). "Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012". Int J Cancer. 136 (5): E359–86. doi:10.1002/ijc.29210. PMID 25220842.
↑ http://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html
↑ http://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[SEER-1] 1.00 ^1.01 ^1.02 ^1.03 ^1.04 ^1.05 ^1.06 ^1.07 ^1.08 ^1.09 ^1.10 Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.

[pmid27956793-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 Ilic M, Ilic I (2016). "Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer". World J Gastroenterol. 22 (44): 9694–9705. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694. PMC 5124974. PMID 27956793.

[pmid25220842-3] Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M; et al. (2015). "Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012". Int J Cancer. 136 (5): E359–86. doi:10.1002/ijc.29210. PMID 25220842.

[4] ttp://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html

[5] ttp://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Pancreatic cancer}}
-{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; {{Rim}}
+{{CMG}}; {{AE}}
 ==Overview==
-In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer is 11.7 per 100,000 in 2011.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>  The majority of pancreatic tumors are [[adenocarcinoma]]s.
+In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]] is 11.7 per 100,000 in 2011. [[Pancreatic cancer|Pancreatic cance]]<nowiki/>r is more prevalent in males than females.
 ==Epidemiology and Demographics==
 ===Prevalence===
-* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer is 11.7 per 100,000 in 2011.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]] is 11.7 per 100,000 in 2011.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+===Mortality rate===
+*As per the ''GLOBOCAN 2012'' estimates, [[pancreatic cancer]] leads to more than 331,000 deaths per year (accounting for 4.0% of all deaths), making it as the seventh leading cause of [[cancer]] death in both males and females. <ref name="pmid27956793">{{cite journal| author=Ilic M, Ilic I| title=Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 44 | pages= 9694-9705 | pmid=27956793 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694 | pmc=5124974 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27956793  }} </ref>
+*In 2012, about 338,000 suffered from [[pancreatic cancer]], making it the 11th most common [[cancer]].<ref name="pmid27956793">{{cite journal| author=Ilic M, Ilic I| title=Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 44 | pages= 9694-9705 | pmid=27956793 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694 | pmc=5124974 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27956793  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid25220842">{{cite journal| author=Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M et al.| title=Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. | journal=Int J Cancer | year= 2015 | volume= 136 | issue= 5 | pages= E359-86 | pmid=25220842 | doi=10.1002/ijc.29210 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25220842  }} </ref>
 ===Incidence===
+*Estimated new cases and deaths from [[pancreatic cancer]] in the United States in 2015:
+:*New cases: 48,960
+:*Deaths: 40,560
+:*The [[incidence]] of [[Pancreatic cancer|carcinoma of the pancreas]] has markedly increased over the past several decades and ranks as the fourth leading cause of [[cancer]] death in the United States.
+*[[Incidence]] rates for [[pancreatic cancer]] in 2012 were: <ref name="pmid27956793">{{cite journal| author=Ilic M, Ilic I| title=Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 44 | pages= 9694-9705 | pmid=27956793 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694 | pmc=5124974 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27956793  }} </ref>
+**In United States, the highest [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence rate]] of 7.4 per 100,000 people
+**In Western Europe, 7.3 per 100,000 people
+**In Europe and Australia/New Zealand, equally about 6.5 per 100,000 people
+**In Middle Africa and South-Central Asia, the lowest [[incidence]] rate of 1.0 per 100,000 people
+**In Pakistan, 0.5  per 100,000 people
-* The delay-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer in 2011 was estimated to be 12.63 per 100,000 persons in the United States.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* The delay-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer in 2011 was estimated to be 12.63 per 100,000 persons in the United States<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
-* In 2011, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer was 12.30 per 100,000 persons in the United States.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In 2011, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer was 12.30 per 100,000 persons in the United States<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
 ===Age===
@@ Line 25: / Line 39: @@
 ===Gender===
-* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[prevalence]] of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]] by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
 ** In males: 12.3 per 100,000
 ** In females: 11.2 per 100,000
-* In the United States, the delay-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In the United States, the delay-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]] by gender in 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
 ** In males: 14.75 per 100,000 persons
 ** In females: 10.93 per 100,000 persons
-* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender on 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+* In the United States, the age-adjusted [[incidence]] of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]] by gender on 2011 is:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
 ** In males: 14.38 per 100,000 persons
 ** In females: 10.62 per 100,000 persons
-Shown below is an image depicting the delay-adjusted [[incidence]] and observed [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.  These graphs are adapted from [[SEER]]: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+Shown below is an image depicting the delay-adjusted [[incidence]] and observed [[incidence]] of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]] by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.  These graphs are adapted from [[SEER]]: ''The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program of the National Cancer Institute''.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
-[[Image:Delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender and race in the United States.PNG|Delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender and race in the United States between 1975 and 2011]]
+<figure-inline class="mw-default-size"><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline>[[Image:Delay-adjusted incidence and observed incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by gender and race in the United States.PNG|806x806px]]</figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline>
 ===Race===
@@ Line 47: / Line 61: @@
 {| style="cellpadding=0; cellspacing= 0; width: 600px;"
 |-
-|style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center | || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''All Races''' ||style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''White''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Black''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Asian/Pacific Islander'''  || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Hispanic'''
+| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" | || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''All Races''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''White''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''Black''' || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''Asian/Pacific Islander'''  || style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''Hispanic'''
 |-
-| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align=center |'''Age-adjusted [[prevalence]]'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |11.7 per 100,000||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |11.7 per 100,000 ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |13 per 100,000 ||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |10.4 per 100,000||style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align=left |9.6 per 100,000
+| style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 100%; background: #4682B4; color: #FFFFFF; width: 10%" align="center" |'''Age-adjusted [[prevalence]]'''|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |11.7 per 100,000|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |11.7 per 100,000 || style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |13 per 100,000 || style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |10.4 per 100,000|| style="font-size: 100; padding: 0 5px; background: #B8B8B8" align="left" |9.6 per 100,000
 |}
 Shown below is an image depicting the [[incidence]] of invasive pancreatic cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
-[[Image:Incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.PNG|Incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011]]
+<figure-inline class="mw-default-size"><figure-inline><figure-inline><figure-inline>[[Image:Incidence of invasive pancreatic cancer by race in the United States between 1975 and 2011.PNG|473x473px]]</figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline></figure-inline>
 <small> API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native</small>
 ===Percent Distribution of Invasive Pancreatic Cancer by Histology===
-Among patients with histologically confirmed cases of invasive pancreatic cancer, the percent distribution of the types of the disease between YEAR and YEAR in the United States are:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
+Among patients with [[Histology|histologically]] confirmed cases of invasive [[pancreatic cancer]], the percent distribution of the types of the disease in the United States are:<ref name="SEER">Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.</ref>
-* Carcinoma: 97.9%
+* [[Carcinoma]]: 97.9%
-** Epidermoid carcinoma: 0.2%
+** Epidermoid [[carcinoma]]: 0.2%
-** Adenocarcinoma: 86%
+** [[Adenocarcinoma]]: 86%
-***Adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified: 69.9%
+***[[Adenocarcinoma]] not otherwise specified: 69.9%
-***Papillary adenocarcinoma: 0.1%
+***Papillary [[adenocarcinoma]]: 0.1%
-***Mucinous adenocarcinoma: 2.6%
+***[[Adenocarcinoma|Mucinous adenocarcinoma]]: 2.6%
-***Mucin- producing adenocarcinoma: 1.1%
+***Mucin- producing [[adenocarcinoma]]: 1.1%
-***Inflitrating duct carcinoma: 9.8%
+***Inflitrating duct [[carcinoma]]: 9.8%
-***Other adenocarcinoma: 2.6%
+***Other [[adenocarcinoma]]: 2.6%
-**Other specific carcinoma: 6.5%
+**Other specific [[carcinoma]]: 6.5%
-*** Islet cell cracinoma: 0.9%
+*** Islet cell [[carcinoma]]: 0.9%
-*** Other carcinoma: 5.7%
+*** Other [[carcinoma]]: 5.7%
-** Carcinoma not otherwise specified: 5.2%
+** [[Carcinoma]] not otherwise specified: 5.2%
-* Sarcoma and other soft tissue tumors: 0.1%
+* [[Sarcoma]] and other soft tissue tumors: 0.1%
 * Other specific types: 0.1%
 * Unspecified: 1.9%
+===Developed Countries===
+*Developed countries have the highest [[incidence]] and [[Mortality rate|mortality rates]] of [[pancreatic cancer]]. <ref name="pmid27956793">{{cite journal| author=Ilic M, Ilic I| title=Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 44 | pages= 9694-9705 | pmid=27956793 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694 | pmc=5124974 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27956793  }} </ref>
+===Developing Countries===
+*[[Pancreatic cancer]] incidence and mortality varies across different countries. The [[incidence]] is considerably lower in developing countries. <ref name="pmid27956793">{{cite journal| author=Ilic M, Ilic I| title=Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2016 | volume= 22 | issue= 44 | pages= 9694-9705 | pmid=27956793 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v22.i44.9694 | pmc=5124974 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27956793  }} </ref>
 ===Awareness===
-*November is pancreatic cancer awareness month.
+*November is [[pancreatic cancer]] awareness month.
-*Purple is the traditional color chosen to represent pancreatic cancer awareness.
+*Purple is the traditional color chosen to represent [[pancreatic cancer]] awareness.
-*The National Cancer Institute’s cancer research budget was $4.824 billion in 2004, an estimated $52.7 million of which was devoted to pancreatic cancer.<ref>http://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html</ref>
+*The National Cancer Institute’s cancer research budget was $4.824 billion in 2004, an estimated $52.7 million of which was devoted to [[pancreatic cancer]].<ref>http://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html</ref>
-*Research spending per pancreatic cancer patient is $1145, the lowest of any leading cancer.<ref>http://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html</ref>
+*Research spending per [[pancreatic cancer]] patient is $1145, the lowest of any leading [[cancer]].<ref>http://pancan.org/About/pancreaticCancerStats.html</ref>
-*The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (PanCAN) was created as an advocacy group for pancreatic cancer.
+*The P''ancreatic Cancer Action Network'' (''PanCAN'') was created as an advocacy group for [[pancreatic cancer]].
-*The national charity pancreatic cancer UK works to raise awareness in the UK.
+*The ''National Charity pancreatic cancer UK'' works to raise awareness in the UK.
 ==References==
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 [[Category:Disease]]
 [[Category:Types of cancer]]
+[[Category:Mature chapter]]
+[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
 [[Category:Oncology]]
-[[Category:Mature chapter]]
+[[Category:Medicine]]
-[[Category:Primary care]]
+[[Category:Surgery]]
-[[Category:Needs overview]]
+[[Category:Gastroenterology]]