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{{Restless legs syndrome}}
{{Restless legs syndrome}}
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==Overview==


==Causes==
==Causes==
See the potential causal relationship between acidosis and RLS [[Restless legs syndrome pathophysiology#Restless Legs Syndrome and Acidosis|pathophysiology]]. Dehydration may also be a cause of an urge to move one's legs, as some sufferers often find that drinking a glass of water may stop the urges for a short while. Certain medications may worsen RLS in those who already have it, or cause it secondarily.  These include: [[anti-nausea drugs]], certain [[antihistamines]] (often in [[Over-the-counter drug|over-the-counter]] cold medications), [[antidepressants|drugs used to treat depression]] (both older [[tricyclics]] and newer [[SSRI]]s), [[antipsychotic]] drugs, and certain medications used to control [[seizures]].


[[Hypoglycemia]] has also been found to worsen RLS symptoms.<ref name="pmid9613772">{{cite journal |author=Kurlan R |title=Postprandial (reactive) hypoglycemia and restless leg syndrome: related neurologic disorders? |journal=Mov. Disord. |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=619-20 |year=1998 |pmid=9613772 |doi=10.1002/mds.870130349}}</ref> Opioid detoxification has also recently been associated with provocation of RLS-like symptoms during withdrawal. For those affected, a reduction or elimination in the consumption of simple and refined [[carbohydrates]] or [[starches]] (for example, sugar, white flour, white rice and white potatoes) or some hard [[fats]], such as those found in beef or biscuits, is recommended. 
===Common Causes===
The exact cause of RLS is not clear yet but the disease may be related to this conditions:<ref name="pmid28626420">{{cite journal| author=Guo S, Huang J, Jiang H, Han C, Li J, Xu X et al.| title=Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management. | journal=Front Aging Neurosci | year= 2017 | volume= 9 | issue=  | pages= 171 | pmid=28626420 | doi=10.3389/fnagi.2017.00171 | pmc=5454050 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28626420  }} </ref><ref name="pmid24747872">{{cite journal| author=Katsi V, Katsimichas T, Kallistratos MS, Tsekoura D, Makris T, Manolis AJ et al.| title=The association of Restless Legs Syndrome with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. | journal=Med Sci Monit | year= 2014 | volume= 20 | issue= | pages= 654-9 | pmid=24747872 | doi=10.12659/MSM.890252 | pmc=3999161 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24747872  }} </ref><ref name="pmid18360657">{{cite journal| author=Cotter PE, O'Keeffe ST| title=Restless leg syndrome: is it a real problem? | journal=Ther Clin Risk Manag | year= 2006 | volume= 2 | issue= 4 | pages= 465-75 | pmid=18360657 | doi= | pmc=1936366 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18360657  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26944272">{{cite journal| author=Trenkwalder C, Allen R, Högl B, Paulus W, Winkelmann J| title=Restless legs syndrome associated with major diseases: A systematic review and new concept. | journal=Neurology | year= 2016 | volume= 86 | issue= 14 | pages= 1336-43 | pmid=26944272 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000002542 | pmc=4826337 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26944272  }} </ref>
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Cardiovascular disease|Cardiovascular diseases]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Depression]]
*[[Iron deficiency]]
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Kidney diseases]]
*[[Stroke (patient information)|Stroke]]
*[[Parkinson disease]]
*[[Polyneuropathy]]
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]


Both primary and secondary RLS can be worsened by surgery of any kind, however back surgery or injury can be associated with causing RLS.<ref name="pmid15830971">{{cite journal |author=Crotti FM, Carai A, Carai M, Sgaramella E, Sias W |title=Entrapment of crural branches of the common peroneal nerve |journal=Acta Neurochir. Suppl. |volume=92 |issue= |pages=69-70 |year=2005 |pmid=15830971 |doi=}}</ref> RLS can worsen in [[pregnancy]]. <ref name="pmid3147073">{{cite journal |author=McParland P, Pearce JM |title=Restless leg syndrome in pregnancy |journal=BMJ |volume=297 |issue=6662 |pages=1543 |year=1988 |pmid=3147073 |doi=}}</ref>
===Genetic Causes===
*[[Genes]] involved in the [[pathogenesis]] of RLS include: RLS 1: 12q and RLS 2: 14q and RLS 3: 9p and RLS 4: 2q and RLS 5: 20p.<ref name="pmid19514512">{{cite journal| author=Miyamoto M, Miyamoto T, Iwanami M, Suzuki K, Hirata K| title=[Pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome]. | journal=Brain Nerve | year= 2009 | volume= 61 | issue= 5 | pages= 523-32 | pmid=19514512 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19514512  }} </ref>
*40% of cases of RLS are familial and are inherited in an [[autosomal dominant]] fashion with [[variable penetrance]].
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.
{{columns-list|
*[[Anemia]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Cardiovascular disease|Cardiovascular diseases]]
*[[Depression]]
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Iron deficiency]]
*[[Kidney diseases]]
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]
*[[Parkinson disease]]
*[[Polyneuropathy]]
*[[Stroke (patient information)|Stroke]]
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
 
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Latest revision as of 23:58, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

The exact cause of RLS is not clear yet but the disease may be related to this conditions:[1][2][3][4]

Genetic Causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.

References

  1. ↑ Guo S, Huang J, Jiang H, Han C, Li J, Xu X; et al. (2017). "Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management". Front Aging Neurosci. 9: 171. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00171. PMC 5454050. PMID 28626420.
  2. ↑ Katsi V, Katsimichas T, Kallistratos MS, Tsekoura D, Makris T, Manolis AJ; et al. (2014). "The association of Restless Legs Syndrome with hypertension and cardiovascular disease". Med Sci Monit. 20: 654–9. doi:10.12659/MSM.890252. PMC 3999161. PMID 24747872.
  3. ↑ Cotter PE, O'Keeffe ST (2006). "Restless leg syndrome: is it a real problem?". Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2 (4): 465–75. PMC 1936366. PMID 18360657.
  4. ↑ Trenkwalder C, Allen R, Högl B, Paulus W, Winkelmann J (2016). "Restless legs syndrome associated with major diseases: A systematic review and new concept". Neurology. 86 (14): 1336–43. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000002542. PMC 4826337. PMID 26944272.
  5. ↑ Miyamoto M, Miyamoto T, Iwanami M, Suzuki K, Hirata K (2009). "[Pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome]". Brain Nerve. 61 (5): 523–32. PMID 19514512.

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