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==Overview==
==Overview==
Other [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] studies for retinoblastoma include [[fluorescein angiography]] and [[electroretinogram]].
==Other Diagnostic Studies==
==Other Diagnostic Studies==
===Wide-field fundus photography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (sdOCT)===
===Fluorescein Angiography===
On wide-field fundus photography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography, retinal tumors may be noted and documented relative to optic nerve and fovea. It may note the presence of exudative retinal detachment, vitreous and subretinal seeding. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (sdOCT) notes normal or abnormal foveal contour and may be exquisitely sensitive to document marginal tumor recurrence
*This [[Imaging studies|imaging study]] can be used to differentiate retinoblastoma from other [[lesions]].<ref name="Singh2016">{{cite journal|last1=Singh|first1=Arun D.|title=Retinoblastoma: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis|volume=7|year=2016|pages=91–99|issn=1664-882X|doi=10.1159/000442228}}</ref>
==Biopsy/FNAC==
*[[Fluorescein angiography]] is particularly helpful in differentiating the [[tumor]] from the advanced form of [[Coats disease|Coats’s disease]].
Typical clinical and radiological findings make tissue biopsy confirmation unnecessary. It may also lead to extraocular seeding of tumor cells.
*[[Imaging]] findings associated with the [[diagnosis]] of retinoblastoma include:
 
**Normal filling of enlarged [[Dilation|dilated]] [[vessels]] entering a hyper- and hypo-[[Fluorescence|fluorescent]] [[tumor]] mass
However, FNAC is indicated in special cases to confirm the diagnosis when the diagnosis is ambiguous and when there is already an obvious extraocular extension of the tunor.
 
Bone marrow examination, lumbar puncture and radionuclide bone scan are few other tests done as part of metastatic work up.


===Electroretinogram===
*[[Electroretinogram]] may be helpful in treatment and monitoring of retinoblastoma. It may be used for:<ref name="MarrSingh2015">{{cite journal|last1=Marr|first1=Brian P.|last2=Singh|first2=Arun D.|title=Retinoblastoma: Evaluation and Diagnosis|year=2015|pages=1–11|doi=10.1007/978-3-662-43451-2_1}}</ref>
**Monitoring [[retinal]] function during treatment
**Obtaining information about [[visual]] potential in pre-verbal children
**Observing the effect of treatment [[toxicity]] on [[retinal]] function
==References==
==References==
<references/>
{{reflist|2}}
 
==See also==
*[[Eye cancer]]
*[[Eye examination]]
 
 
{{Nervous tissue tumors}}
 
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:hereditary cancers]]
[[Category:Oncology stub]]


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Latest revision as of 23:59, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

Other diagnostic studies for retinoblastoma include fluorescein angiography and electroretinogram.

Other Diagnostic Studies

Fluorescein Angiography

Electroretinogram

  • Electroretinogram may be helpful in treatment and monitoring of retinoblastoma. It may be used for:[2]
    • Monitoring retinal function during treatment
    • Obtaining information about visual potential in pre-verbal children
    • Observing the effect of treatment toxicity on retinal function

References

  1. Singh, Arun D. (2016). "Retinoblastoma: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis". 7: 91–99. doi:10.1159/000442228. ISSN 1664-882X.
  2. Marr, Brian P.; Singh, Arun D. (2015). "Retinoblastoma: Evaluation and Diagnosis": 1–11. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-43451-2_1.