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==Overview==
==Overview==
Common causes of Sheehan's syndrome include massive [[hemorrhage]], [[hypotension]] during [[pregnancy]], vascular compression, and vascular occlusion([[thrombosis]], [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|DIC]]). Less common causes include vascular insufficiency due to [[Coronary artery bypass surgery|CABG]] in older patients and [[Snake bite (Viperidae)|snake bites]] (Russell's viper bites).
Common causes of Sheehan's syndrome are including massive [[hemorrhage]], [[hypotension]] during [[pregnancy]], vascular compression, and vascular occlusion ([[thrombosis]] or [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|disseminated intravascular coagulation]]). Less common causes are including [[Peripheral arterial disease|vascular insufficiency]] due to [[Coronary artery bypass surgery|coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)]] in older patients and [[Snake bite (Viperidae)|snake bites]] (Russell's viper bites).


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life-threatening Causes===
===Life-threatening Causes===
*[[Postpartum Hemorrhage|PPH]]<ref name="pmid28615049">{{cite journal |vauthors=Matsuzaki S, Endo M, Ueda Y, Mimura K, Kakigano A, Egawa-Takata T, Kumasawa K, Yoshino K, Kimura T |title=A case of acute Sheehan's syndrome and literature review: a rare but life-threatening complication of postpartum hemorrhage |journal=BMC Pregnancy Childbirth |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=188 |year=2017 |pmid=28615049 |pmc=5471854 |doi=10.1186/s12884-017-1380-y |url=}}</ref>
*[[Postpartum Hemorrhage|Post partum hemorrhage]]<ref name="pmid28615049">{{cite journal |vauthors=Matsuzaki S, Endo M, Ueda Y, Mimura K, Kakigano A, Egawa-Takata T, Kumasawa K, Yoshino K, Kimura T |title=A case of acute Sheehan's syndrome and literature review: a rare but life-threatening complication of postpartum hemorrhage |journal=BMC Pregnancy Childbirth |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=188 |year=2017 |pmid=28615049 |pmc=5471854 |doi=10.1186/s12884-017-1380-y |url=}}</ref>


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
[[Sheehan's syndrome]] may be caused by:
Common causes of Sheehan's syndrome may include:
*Massive [[hemorrhage]] during and after pregnancy
*Massive [[hemorrhage]] during or after [[pregnancy]]
*Vascular compression due to enlarged [[pituitary gland]] or small and rigid [[sella]]
*Vascular compression due to enlarged [[pituitary gland]], small and rigid [[sella]] or any mass
*[[Vascular]] occlusion ([[thrombosis]], [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|DIC]])
*[[Vascular]] occlusion ([[thrombosis]], [[Disseminated intravascular coagulation|DIC]])


===Less Common Causes===
===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of [[Sheehan's syndrome]] include:
Less common causes of Sheehan's syndrome are including:
*[[Vascular insufficiency|Vascular insufficienc]]<nowiki/>y due to [[Coronary artery bypass surgery|CABG]] in older patients<ref name="pmid9522796">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davies JS, Scanlon MF |title=Hypopituitarism after coronary artery bypass grafting |journal=BMJ |volume=316 |issue=7132 |pages=682–4 |year=1998 |pmid=9522796 |pmc=1112681 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Vascular insufficiency|Vascular insufficienc]]<nowiki/>y due to [[Coronary artery bypass surgery|CABG]] in older patients<ref name="pmid9522796">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davies JS, Scanlon MF |title=Hypopituitarism after coronary artery bypass grafting |journal=BMJ |volume=316 |issue=7132 |pages=682–4 |year=1998 |pmid=9522796 |pmc=1112681 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Snake bite (Viperidae)|Snake bites]] (Russell's [[viper]] bites).<ref name="pmid21115460">{{cite journal |vauthors=Antonypillai CN, Wass JA, Warrell DA, Rajaratnam HN |title=Hypopituitarism following envenoming by Russell's vipers (Daboia siamensis and D. russelii) resembling Sheehan's syndrome: first case report from Sri Lanka, a review of the literature and recommendations for endocrine management |journal=QJM |volume=104 |issue=2 |pages=97–108 |year=2011 |pmid=21115460 |doi=10.1093/qjmed/hcq214 |url=}}</ref>
*[[Snake bite (Viperidae)|Snake bites]] (Russell's [[viper]] bites)<ref name="pmid21115460">{{cite journal |vauthors=Antonypillai CN, Wass JA, Warrell DA, Rajaratnam HN |title=Hypopituitarism following envenoming by Russell's vipers (Daboia siamensis and D. russelii) resembling Sheehan's syndrome: first case report from Sri Lanka, a review of the literature and recommendations for endocrine management |journal=QJM |volume=104 |issue=2 |pages=97–108 |year=2011 |pmid=21115460 |doi=10.1093/qjmed/hcq214 |url=}}</ref>


===Genetic Causes===
===Genetic Causes===
*Sheehan's syndrome is not associated with any genetic mutation.
*Sheehan's syndrome is not associated with any [[Genetics|genetic]] mutation


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
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{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | Hypotension , vascular compression, hemorrhage
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | [[Hypotension]], Vascular compression, [[Hemorrhage]], post-[[Coronary artery bypass surgery|CABG]]
|-
|-
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Snake bites
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Snake bite|Snake bites]] (Russell's [[viper]] bites)
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Hydrochlorothiazide|Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)]]
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Thrombosis, DIC
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Thrombosis]], [[DIC]]
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Autoimmunity
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Autoimmunity]]
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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===Causes in alphabetical order===
===Causes in alphabetical order===
* Autoimmunity
* [[Autoimmunity]]
* DIC
* [[DIC]]
* Postpartum hemorrhage
* Drugs causing [[hypotension]] or hypercoaguability:
* Snake bites
** [[Hydrochlorothiazide|HCTZ]]
* Small and rigid sella
* [[Postpartum hemorrhage]]
* Thrombosis
* [[Snake bite|Snake bites]]
* Small and rigid [[sella]]
* [[Thrombosis]]
* Traumatic birth delivery
* Traumatic birth delivery


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
​
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Obstetrics]]

Latest revision as of 00:09, 30 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Iqra Qamar M.D.[2]

Overview

Common causes of Sheehan's syndrome are including massive hemorrhage, hypotension during pregnancy, vascular compression, and vascular occlusion (thrombosis or disseminated intravascular coagulation). Less common causes are including vascular insufficiency due to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in older patients and snake bites (Russell's viper bites).

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

Common Causes

Common causes of Sheehan's syndrome may include:

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of Sheehan's syndrome are including:

Genetic Causes

  • Sheehan's syndrome is not associated with any genetic mutation

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Hypotension, Vascular compression, Hemorrhage, post-CABG
Chemical/Poisoning Snake bites (Russell's viper bites)
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Thrombosis, DIC
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic PPH, Traumatic birth delivery
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Autoimmunity
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Traumatic delivery
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in alphabetical order

References

  1. ↑ Matsuzaki S, Endo M, Ueda Y, Mimura K, Kakigano A, Egawa-Takata T, Kumasawa K, Yoshino K, Kimura T (2017). "A case of acute Sheehan's syndrome and literature review: a rare but life-threatening complication of postpartum hemorrhage". BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 17 (1): 188. doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1380-y. PMC 5471854. PMID 28615049.
  2. ↑ Davies JS, Scanlon MF (1998). "Hypopituitarism after coronary artery bypass grafting". BMJ. 316 (7132): 682–4. PMC 1112681. PMID 9522796.
  3. ↑ Antonypillai CN, Wass JA, Warrell DA, Rajaratnam HN (2011). "Hypopituitarism following envenoming by Russell's vipers (Daboia siamensis and D. russelii) resembling Sheehan's syndrome: first case report from Sri Lanka, a review of the literature and recommendations for endocrine management". QJM. 104 (2): 97–108. doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcq214. PMID 21115460.

​ Template:WH Template:WS

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