Sialolithiasis MRI: Difference between revisions

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{{Sialolithiasis}}
{{Sialolithiasis}}


{{CMG}}; {{AE}}  
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MA}}


==Overview==
==Overview==


There are no MRI findings associated with [disease name].
Magnetic resonance sialography may be helpful in the diagnosis of sialolithiasis  Findings on Magnetic resonance sialography suggestive of sialolithiasis include low signal regions outlined by [[saliva]] ( high signal regions) on T2 weighted images. MRI can distinguished acute from chronic obstruction.  
 
OR
 
[Location] MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on MRI suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
 
OR
 
There are no MRI findings associated with [disease name]. However, a MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].


==MRI==
==MRI==
*Magnetic resonance sialography may be helpful in the diagnosis of sialolithiasis. Findings on magnetic resonance sialography suggestive of sialolithiasis include:<ref name="pmid10543651">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sumi M, Izumi M, Yonetsu K, Nakamura T |title=The MR imaging assessment of submandibular gland sialoadenitis secondary to sialolithiasis: correlation with CT and histopathologic findings |journal=AJNR Am J Neuroradiol |volume=20 |issue=9 |pages=1737–43 |year=1999 |pmid=10543651 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11058627">{{cite journal |vauthors=Becker M, Marchal F, Becker CD, Dulguerov P, Georgakopoulos G, Lehmann W, Terrier F |title=Sialolithiasis and salivary ductal stenosis: diagnostic accuracy of MR sialography with a three-dimensional extended-phase conjugate-symmetry rapid spin-echo sequence |journal=Radiology |volume=217 |issue=2 |pages=347–58 |year=2000 |pmid=11058627 |doi=10.1148/radiology.217.2.r00oc02347 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10966693">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jäger L, Menauer F, Holzknecht N, Scholz V, Grevers G, Reiser M |title=Sialolithiasis: MR sialography of the submandibular duct--an alternative to conventional sialography and US? |journal=Radiology |volume=216 |issue=3 |pages=665–71 |year=2000 |pmid=10966693 |doi=10.1148/radiology.216.3.r00se12665 |url=}}</ref>
**Stones are visible as low signal regions outlined by saliva (high signal regions) on T2 weighted images.


*There are no MRI findings associated with [disease name].
* Acute from chronic obstruction can be distinguished by magnetic resonance sialography on T1 signals:
OR
** In acute obstruction, enlargement of the gland and [[inflammatory]] changes may be seen as reduced signal compared to other side.
*Head and neck MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of sialolithiasis. Findings on MRI suggestive of sialolithiasis include:
** In chronic cases, size of the gland is decreased and fatty atrophy may be seen as an increased signal compared to the other side.
**Low signal regions(outlined by high signal saliva on T2 weighted images
 
*There are no MRI findings associated with [disease name]. However, a MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include:
**[Complication 1]
**[Complication 2]
**[Complication 3] MRI is able not only to visualise larger stones but able in many instances to map the ductal anatomy and to assess the gland 2,4.  Stones appear as low signal regions (on all sequences) outlined by high signal saliva on T2 weighted images 2.  MRI is able to distinguish acute from chronic obstruction as well as glands with only incomplete obstruction 1.  In the acute setting glands are enlarged and demonstrate inflammatory changes:
** '''T1:''' reduced signal compared to the other side
** '''T2:''' increased signal (best seen on fat suppressed sequences) In chronic cases, the gland is reduced in size and demonstrates fatty atrophy 1:
** '''T1:''' increased signal compared to the other side
** '''T2:''' reduced signal of gland parenchyma which is itself reduced in amount In cases where a small non-obstructive sialolith is present, the gland may appear entirely normal.


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Radiology]]
[[Category:Radiology]]
[[Category:Primary care]]

Latest revision as of 00:10, 30 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]

Overview

Magnetic resonance sialography may be helpful in the diagnosis of sialolithiasis Findings on Magnetic resonance sialography suggestive of sialolithiasis include low signal regions outlined by saliva ( high signal regions) on T2 weighted images. MRI can distinguished acute from chronic obstruction.

MRI

  • Magnetic resonance sialography may be helpful in the diagnosis of sialolithiasis. Findings on magnetic resonance sialography suggestive of sialolithiasis include:[1][2][3]
    • Stones are visible as low signal regions outlined by saliva (high signal regions) on T2 weighted images.
  • Acute from chronic obstruction can be distinguished by magnetic resonance sialography on T1 signals:
    • In acute obstruction, enlargement of the gland and inflammatory changes may be seen as reduced signal compared to other side.
    • In chronic cases, size of the gland is decreased and fatty atrophy may be seen as an increased signal compared to the other side.

References

  1. Sumi M, Izumi M, Yonetsu K, Nakamura T (1999). "The MR imaging assessment of submandibular gland sialoadenitis secondary to sialolithiasis: correlation with CT and histopathologic findings". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 20 (9): 1737–43. PMID 10543651.
  2. Becker M, Marchal F, Becker CD, Dulguerov P, Georgakopoulos G, Lehmann W, Terrier F (2000). "Sialolithiasis and salivary ductal stenosis: diagnostic accuracy of MR sialography with a three-dimensional extended-phase conjugate-symmetry rapid spin-echo sequence". Radiology. 217 (2): 347–58. doi:10.1148/radiology.217.2.r00oc02347. PMID 11058627.
  3. Jäger L, Menauer F, Holzknecht N, Scholz V, Grevers G, Reiser M (2000). "Sialolithiasis: MR sialography of the submandibular duct--an alternative to conventional sialography and US?". Radiology. 216 (3): 665–71. doi:10.1148/radiology.216.3.r00se12665. PMID 10966693.

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