Splenomegaly causes: Difference between revisions

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! rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Increased function
! rowspan="5" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Increased function
! colspan="2" |Removal of defective RBCs
! colspan="2" |Removal of defective RBCs
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Spherocytosis]]
* [[Spherocytosis]]
* [[Thalassemia]]
* [[Thalassemia]]
* [[Hemoglobinopathies]]
* [[Hemoglobinopathy]]
* [[Anemia|Nutritional anemia]]s
* [[Anemia]]
* [[sickle cell anemia]]
* [[Sickle cell anemia]]
</div>
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" |Immune hyperplasia
! rowspan="3" |Immune hyperplasia
!Response to infection (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic)
!Response to infection (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic)
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Mononucleosis]]
* [[Mononucleosis]]
* [[AIDS]]
* [[AIDS]]
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* [[Sepsis|Bacterial septicemia]]
* [[Sepsis|Bacterial septicemia]]
* [[Splenic abscess]]
* [[Splenic abscess]]
* [[Typhoid fever|Typhoid feve]]
* [[Typhoid fever]]
* [[Leptospirosis]]
* [[Leptospirosis]]
* [[Leptospirosis]]
* [[tuberculosis]]
* [[Tuberculosis]]
* [[Histoplasmosis]]
* [[Histoplasmosis]]
* [[Malaria]]
* [[Malaria]]
* [[leishmaniasis]]
* [[leishmaniasis]]
* [[trypanosomiasis]]
* [[Trypanosomiasis]]
* [[Ehrlichiosis]]
* [[Ehrlichiosis]]
</div>
|-
|-
!Disordered immunoregulation
!Disordered immunoregulation
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
* [[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
* [[SLE]]
* [[SLE]]
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* [[Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura|Immune thrombocytopenia]]
* [[Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura|Immune thrombocytopenia]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
</div>
|-
|-
!Drug reactions
!Drug reactions
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|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Extramedullary hematopoiesis
! colspan="2" |Extramedullary hematopoiesis
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Myelofibrosis]]
* [[Myelofibrosis]]
* [[Marrow infiltration by tumors, leukemias|Marrow infiltration by tumors]]
* [[Tumors]]
* [[Marrow infiltration by tumors, leukemias|Lukemias]]
* [[Marrow infiltration by tumors, leukemias|Lukemias]]
* [[marrow damage by radiation, toxins|marrow damage by radiation]]
* [[marrow damage by radiation, toxins|Marrow damage by radiation]]
* [[marrow damage by radiation, toxins|toxins]]
* [[marrow damage by radiation, toxins|toxins]]
</div>
|-
|-
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Abnormal blood flow
! rowspan="3" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Abnormal blood flow
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|
|
* [[Cirrhosis]]
* [[Cirrhosis]]
* Congestive heart failure
* [[Congestive heart failure]]
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Vascular
! colspan="2" |Vascular
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Hepatic vein obstruction]]
* [[Hepatic vein obstruction]]
* [[Portal vein thrombosis|Portal vein obstruction]]
* [[Portal vein thrombosis|Portal vein obstruction]]
* [[Budd-Chiari syndrome]]
* [[Budd-Chiari syndrome]]
* Splenic vein obstruction
* Splenic vein obstruction
</div>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Infections
! colspan="2" |Infections
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! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Infiltration
! rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |Infiltration
! colspan="2" |Metabolic diseases
! colspan="2" |Metabolic diseases
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Gauchers disease]]
* [[Gauchers disease]]
* [[Niemann-Pick disease]]
* [[Niemann-Pick disease]]
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* [[Amyloidosis]]
* [[Amyloidosis]]
* [[Tangier disease]]
* [[Tangier disease]]
</div>
|-
|-
! colspan="2" |Benign and malignant infiltrations
! colspan="2" |Benign and malignant infiltrations
|
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;">
* [[Leukemias]] ([[acute]], [[chronic]], [[lymphoid]] and [[myeloid]])
* [[Leukemias]] ([[acute]], [[chronic]], [[lymphoid]] and [[myeloid]])
* [[Lymphomas]] ([[Hodgkins]] and [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma|non-hodgkins]])
* [[Lymphomas]] ([[Hodgkins]] and [[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma|non-hodgkins]])
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* [[Hamartomas]]
* [[Hamartomas]]
* [[Eosinophilic granuloma]]
* [[Eosinophilic granuloma]]
</div>
|}
|}


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===Causes in Alphabetical Order<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref> <ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>===


{{columns-list|3|
{{columns-list|
   
   
*[[Acanthocheilonemiasis]]
*[[Acanthocheilonemiasis]]
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}


[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 00:14, 30 July 2020


Template:Splenomegaly Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

The causes of splenomegaly vary widely and range from increased splenic function (such as hemoglobinopathies), splenic congestion due to abnormal blood flow (such as venous obstruction), and splenic infiltration (such as storage disorders and malignancies).

Causes

Common Causes

Less Common Causes [1]

Rickets

Causes by Pathogenesis

Mechanism Pathogenesis Example
Increased function Removal of defective RBCs
Immune hyperplasia Response to infection (viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic)
Disordered immunoregulation
Drug reactions
Extramedullary hematopoiesis
Abnormal blood flow Organ Failure
Vascular
Infections
Infiltration Metabolic diseases
Benign and malignant infiltrations

Causes of Massive Splenomegaly (>1000 gms)

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Congestive heart failure, Constrictive pericarditis, Infective endocarditis
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Cidofovir, Filgrastim
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Thyrotoxicosis
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Cirrhosis, Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome, Hepatic portal vein obstruction, Hepatic vein thrombosis, Portal hypertension, Splenic vein thrombosis
Genetic Aicardi Goutieres syndrome, Alpha-mannosidase deficiency, Apolipoprotein C-II deficiency, Chanarin-Dorfman disease, Chediak-Higashi disease, Cholesterol ester storage disease, Familial alphalipoprotein deficiency, Familial histiocytic reticulosis, Familial hypertriglyceridaemia, Farber lipogranulomatosis, Fucosidosis, Fumarate hydratase deficiency, Galactose epimerase deficiency, Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency, Gamma heavy chain disease, Gangliosidosis GM1, type 1, Gangliosidosis GM1, type 3, GM2 gangliosidosis, Gaucher's disease, Glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency, Glycogen storage disease, Haemochromatosis, Hurler syndrome, Hurler-Scheie syndrome, Hyperlipidemia, Iduronate-2-sulfatase deficiency, Kartagener syndrome, Langerhans cell histiocytosis  , Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency, McLeod syndrome, Mevalonate kinase deficiency, Mu chain disease, Mucolipidosis II alpha/beta, Mucopolysaccharidosis VI, Mucopolysaccharidosis VII, Nakajo-Nishimura syndrome, Niemann-Pick disease, Prolidase deficiency, Salla disease, Sandhoff disease, Sanfilippo disease, Sea blue histiocytosis, Sialidosis , Sphingomyelinase deficiency, Tyrosinaemia type 1, Zimmermann-Laband syndrome
Hematologic Acute and chronic hemolytic anemias, all etiologies, Autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type 1, Congenital erythropoeitic porphyria, Coproporphyria, hereditary, Eosinophillic granuloma, Essential thrombocythemia, Extramedullary haemopoiesis, Haemoglobin C disease, Haemoglobin E disease, Haemoglobin SC disease, Haemolytic disease of the newborn, Hemolytic anemia, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, Hereditary spherocytosis, Histiocytosis X, Hypereosinophilic syndrome, Iron deficiency anemia, Letterer-Siwe disease, Mastocytosis, Multiple myeloma, Myelofibrosis, Myeloid leukemia, Myeloid metaplasia, Myeloproliferative syndrome, Osteomyelosclerosis, Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, Polycythemia vera, Primary autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, Primary thrombocythemia, acquired, Rosai-Dorfman disease, Sickle cell crisis, Sickle cell disease, Thalassemia major, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Acanthocheilonemiasis, AIDS, Babesiosis, Bartonellosis, Borreliosis, Cat-Scratch disease, Coronavirus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Cytomegalovirus, Dengue, E.coli, Ehrlichiosis, Group B streptococcal infection, Hepatic Echinococcosis, Hepatitis, Histoplasmosis, Infectious mononucleosis, Kala-Azar, Leishmaniasis, Leptospirosis, Lyme disease, Malaria, Mycobacterium avium complex, Paragonimiasis, Psittacosis, Q fever, Relapsing fever, Rickettsiae, RMSF, Rubella, Salmonella, Schistosomiasis, Septicemia, Sleeping sickness, Splenic abscess, Syphilis, Toxocariasis, Toxoplasma, Trench fever, Tropical splenomegaly syndrome, Trypanosomiasis, Tuberculosis, Tularemia, Visceral larva migrans, Weil syndrome, Whipple disease
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Osteopetrosis
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Nutritional anemias, Vitamin B12 deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Acute and chronic leukemias, Adult T-cell leukemia, Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia, Angiosarcoma, Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, Bone marrow infiltration, Castleman's disease, Chronic eosinophilic leukaemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Fibroma, Geleophysic dysplasia, Hairy cell leukaemia, Hamartomas, Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma,Hodgkin lymphoma, Lymphangiomas, Lymphoid leukemia, Lympho-reticulosarcoma, Mantle cell lymphoma, Melanoma, Metastatic solid tumors, Monocytic leukemia, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Primary splenic tumors, Splenic hamartoma, Splenic hemangioma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Nephrotic syndrome,
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Amyloidosis, Collagen vascular diseases, Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia, Felty's syndrome, Immune hemolytic anemias, Juvenile chronic arthritis, Macrophage activation syndrome, Mixed essential cryoglobulinaemia, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Sarcoidosis, Serum sickness, Still disease, adult-onset, Still disease, juvenile-onset, Systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Trauma
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Idiopathic splenomegaly, Splenic artery aneurysm, Splenic cyst

Causes in Alphabetical Order[2] [3]

References

  1. ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In a page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:157
  2. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  3. ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

Template:WH Template:WS

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